{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T07:15:55Z","timestamp":1768461355698,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,11]],"date-time":"2019-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570752000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,11]],"date-time":"2019-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570752000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,11]],"date-time":"2019-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570752000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World j. surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Childhood cancer is neglected within global health. Oxford Pediatrics Linking Oncology Research with Electives describes early outcomes following collaboration between low\u2010 and high\u2010income paediatric surgery and oncology centres. The aim of this paper is twofold: to describe the development of a medical student\u2010led research collaboration; and to report on the experience of Wilms\u2019 tumour (WT).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This cross\u2010sectional observational study is reported as per STROBE guidelines. Collaborating centres included three tertiary hospitals in Tanzania, Rwanda and the UK. Data were submitted by medical students following retrospective patient note review of 2 years using a standardised data collection tool. Primary outcome was survival (point of discharge\/death).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were 104 patients with WT reported across all centres over the study period (Tanzania <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200971, Rwanda <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200926, UK <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20097). Survival was higher in the high\u2010income institution [87% in Tanzania, 92% in Rwanda, 100% in the UK (<jats:italic>X<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> 36.19, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001)]. Given the short\u2010term follow\u2010up and retrospective study design, this likely underestimates the true discrepancy. Age at presentation was comparable at the two African sites but lower in the UK (one\u2010way ANOVA, <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.2997, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.74). Disease was more advanced in Tanzania at presentation (84% stage III\u2013IV cf. 60% and 57% in Rwanda and UK, respectively, <jats:italic>X<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> 7.57, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02). All patients had pre\u2010operative chemotherapy, and a majority had nephrectomy. Post\u2010operative morbidity was higher in lower resourced settings (<jats:italic>X<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> 33.72, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). Methodology involving medical students and junior doctors proved time\u2010 and cost\u2010effective. This collaboration was a valuable learning experience for students about global research networks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study demonstrates novel research methodology involving medical students collaborating across the global south and global north. The comparison of outcomes advocates, on an institutional level, for development in access to services and multidisciplinary treatment of WT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-019-05213-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,11]],"date-time":"2019-10-11T17:03:23Z","timestamp":1570813403000},"page":"295-302","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Investigating Wilms\u2019 Tumours Worldwide: A Report of the OxPLORE Collaboration\u2014A Cross\u2010Sectional Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"K.","family":"Ford","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery Oxford University Hospital Headley Way, Headington OX3 9DU Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Gunawardana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford University Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Manirambona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Rwanda, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Kigali Kigali Rwanda"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G. 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J.","family":"Nyoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences Dar es Salaam Tanzania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Mwaipaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences Dar es Salaam Tanzania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Mpwaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences Dar es Salaam Tanzania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Z.","family":"Bokhary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery Muhimbili National Hospital Dar es Salaam Tanzania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Scanlan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Oncology Muhimbili National Hospital Dar es Salaam Tanzania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Heinsohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford University Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Hathaway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford University Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Mansfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford University Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Oncology Oxford University Hospitals Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Lakhoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery Oxford University Hospital Headley Way, Headington OX3 9DU Oxford UK"},{"name":"Oxford University Oxford UK"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery Muhimbili National Hospital Dar es Salaam Tanzania"},{"name":"Department of Paediatric Oncology Oxford University Hospitals Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15513819009067094"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.10\u201010\u2010815"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19890715)64:2<349::AID-CNCR2820640202>3.0.CO;2-Q"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2001.19.2.488"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hemonc.2015.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2014.10.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.23334"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.22158"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470\u20102045(11)70128\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2013.03.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470\u20102045(13)70008\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383\u2010018\u20104272\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0040297"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000133083.54934.ae"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l795"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3402\/gha.v7.24070"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","first-page":"802","article-title":"Why is research from developing countries underrepresented in international health literature, and what can be done about it?","volume":"82","author":"Langer A","year":"2004","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0277\u20109536(92)90041\u2010N"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","first-page":"54","article-title":"Great ideas revisited. 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