{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T10:20:12Z","timestamp":1782469212418,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,2]],"date-time":"2020-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577923200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,2]],"date-time":"2020-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577923200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,2]],"date-time":"2020-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577923200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World j. surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the content validity of a low\u2010cost bench\u2010top model (\u201cRaj Model\u201d) for the training of laparoscopic port insertion at the Urology Simulation Bootcamp course (USBC).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A low\u2010cost abdominal wall model of 40\u2009\u00d7\u200940\u00a0cm was created to simulate laparoscopic port placement. The model was made using different synthetic materials to represent layers (skin\u2014vinyl sheet, subcutaneous fat\u201410\u00a0mm soft foam, anterior rectus sheath and muscle\u2014floor mat, posterior rectus sheath\u2014masking wall tape, peritoneum\u2014sellotape). Each model was used by up to 3 trainees to practise laparoscopic port placement. The model was assessed for content validity by trainees and experts using a 5\u2010point Likert scale.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Result<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 88 trainees and 6 experts participated in the study. For all aspects of the synthetic abdominal wall, good (4) or very good (5) scores ranged from 52.7\u201369.2%, whereas very poor (1) rating ranged from 0 to 4.3%. There was no significant difference in responses for the content validity of the model between trainees and experts. There was a high intraclass correlation amongst responses from trainees (0.89) and experts (0.79). Approximately 76.3% of trainees and experts felt that the model is suitable for training.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is the first validation study of a low\u2010cost abdominal wall model for teaching laparoscopic port placement for trainees. Our study demonstrates that this synthetic model has high content validity and is useful for surgical training.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-019-05354-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,2]],"date-time":"2020-01-02T19:05:58Z","timestamp":1577991958000},"page":"1431-1435","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A Low\u2010Cost Synthetic Abdominal Wall Model (\u201cRaj Model\u201d) for the Training of Laparoscopic Port Insertion"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Mithun","family":"Kailavasan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital Coventry &amp; Warwickshire Coventry UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Berridge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leicester General Hospital Leicester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gokul","family":"Kandaswamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Morriston Hospital Swansea UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhavan","family":"Rai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Freeman Hospital Newcastle UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beverley","family":"Wilkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sheffield Teaching Hospital Sheffield UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunjay","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, St James's University Hospital Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust Beckett Street LS9 7TF Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chandra Shekhar","family":"Biyani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, St James's University Hospital Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust Beckett Street LS9 7TF Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Basavaraj","family":"Gowda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"James Cook University Hospital Middlesbrough UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2010.01.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","unstructured":"England RCoSo(2015)Improving surgical training: proposal for pilot surgical training programme pp12\u201313"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2382120519834552"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2015.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2014.01.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000200839.93965.26"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2019.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","unstructured":"JCoST (JCST)(2018)Quality indicators for surgical training: core surgical training (2018).https:\/\/www.jcst.org\/\u2010\/media\/files\/jcst\/quality\u2010assurance\/quality\u2010indicators\/core\u2010qis\u2010final\u2010v8.pdf. Accessed July 2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464\u2010012\u20102326\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2014.08.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464\u2010009\u20100634\u20109"}],"container-title":["World Journal of Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00268-019-05354-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00268-019-05354-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00268-019-05354-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00268-019-05354-8","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,24]],"date-time":"2023-12-24T04:20:17Z","timestamp":1703391617000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1007\/s00268-019-05354-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,2]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1007\/s00268-019-05354-8"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00268-019-05354-8","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0364-2313","1432-2323"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0364-2313","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-2323","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 January 2020","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}