{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:18:46Z","timestamp":1786979926905,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]],"date-time":"2022-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642809600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]],"date-time":"2022-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642809600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]],"date-time":"2022-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642809600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World j. surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Injury remains an important cause of death and disability globally, with 95% of all childhood injury deaths occurring in low\u2010 and lower\u2010middle\u2010income countries (LMICs). Pediatric trauma training, tailored to the resources in LMICs, represents an opportunity to improve such outcomes. We explored the nature of course offerings in pediatric trauma in resource\u2010limited settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seven databases were interrogated up to June 12, 2020, to retrieve articles examining pediatric trauma training in LMICs, as defined by the World Bank, without language restrictions. Independent authors reviewed and selected abstracts based on set criteria. Data from included studies was extracted and analyzed. An adapted Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist designed for cohort studies was used to assess the risk of bias.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After screening 3960 articles for eligibility, 16 were included for final analysis. Course delivery methods included didactic modules, simulations, clinical mentorship, small group discussion, audits, assessments, and feedback. Knowledge acquisition was primarily assessed through pre\/post\u2010tests, clinical skills assessments, and self\u2010assessment questionnaires. Twelve studies detailed course content, nine of which were based on the WHO Emergency Triage, Assessment and Treatment model, which is not specific to trauma. The other three studies involved locally developed pediatric trauma\u2010focused training courses, including airway management, head trauma and cervical spine management, thoracic and abdominal trauma, orthopedic trauma, burn and wound management, and shock.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite being essential to decreasing pediatric trauma morbidity and mortality worldwide, educational programs in pediatric trauma are not a widespread reality in low\u2010and\u2010middle\u2010income countries. The development of accessible and efficient pediatric trauma education programs is critical for improving pediatric trauma quality of care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-021-06419-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]],"date-time":"2022-01-22T14:02:12Z","timestamp":1642860132000},"page":"1209-1219","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Teaching Trauma in Resource\u2010Limited Settings: A Scoping Review of Pediatric Trauma Courses"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Laura","family":"Pinkham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine McGill University 3605 Rue de la Montagne H3G 2M1 Montreal QC Canada"},{"name":"Montreal Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Botelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Surgeon Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas UFMG Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 110 \u2010 Santa Efig\u00eania 30130\u2010100 Belo Horizonte MG Brazil"},{"name":"Harvey E. Beardmore Division of Pediatric Surgery, The Montreal Children's Hospital McGill University Health Centre 1001 Decarie Blvd H4A 3J1 Montreal QC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minahil","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine McGill University 3605 Rue de la Montagne H3G 2M1 Montreal QC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Guadagno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvey E. Beardmore Division of Pediatric Surgery, The Montreal Children's Hospital McGill University Health Centre 1001 Decarie Blvd H4A 3J1 Montreal QC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Poenaru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Health Outcomes Research (CORE) McGill University Health Centre 1001 Decarie Blvd H4A 3J1 Montreal QC Canada"},{"name":"Harvey E. Beardmore Division of Pediatric Surgery, The Montreal Children's Hospital McGill University Health Centre 1001 Decarie Blvd H4A 3J1 Montreal QC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","volume-title":"World report on child injury prevention","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2018.00155"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0100\u20106991e\u201020192115"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/tsaco\u20102020\u2010000451"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6061\/clinics\/2014(09)05"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1049023X17006811"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2014.03.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268\u2010021\u201006065\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2019.10.084"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2015.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268\u2010014\u20102587\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2004.08.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268\u2010014\u20102899\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","first-page":"S140","article-title":"Improving outcomes in pediatric trauma care: essential characteristics of the trauma center","volume":"63","author":"Knudson M","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M18\u20100850"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643\u2010016\u20100384\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2018.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","volume-title":"The international statistical classification of diseases and related health problems","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0000000000001996"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2011.212563.175"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20469047.2020.1713610"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","unstructured":"Quick JA.Simulation Training in Trauma.4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365\u20102923.2004.01773.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","first-page":"A120","article-title":"G293(P) Towards emergency triage assessment and treatment (ETAT)++: introducing basic paediatric trauma management skills in rural Ghana","volume":"104","author":"James DR","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2015.01.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383\u2010021\u201004941\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2021.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000001080"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2018.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2017.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2229\u20105151.100893"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0152882"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","first-page":"10","article-title":"Delivery of a primary trauma care course in a developing country","volume":"75","author":"Allana A","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2017.00322"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild\u20102015\u2010308599.243"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild\u20102013\u2010304107.130"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006565\u2010199612000\u201000005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild\u20102014\u2010306078"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","first-page":"S440","article-title":"Multi\u2010modal training for adult ICU nurses caring for paediatric patients in a war zone","volume":"37","author":"Darby D","year":"2011","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1466\u20107657.2012.01033.x"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","first-page":"A18","article-title":"PFCCS: Development and deployment of a new course for the management of critically ill and injured children","volume":"12","author":"Mysore M","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatr Crit Care Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2017.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/emermed\u20102015\u2010205057"}],"container-title":["World Journal of Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00268-021-06419-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00268-021-06419-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00268-021-06419-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00268-021-06419-3","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,7]],"date-time":"2024-01-07T12:05:17Z","timestamp":1704629117000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1007\/s00268-021-06419-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1007\/s00268-021-06419-3"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00268-021-06419-3","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0364-2313","1432-2323"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0364-2313","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-2323","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 November 2021","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 January 2022","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}