{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T03:08:04Z","timestamp":1740107284278,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]],"date-time":"2023-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]],"date-time":"2023-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683244800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]],"date-time":"2023-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World j. surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic> Pakistan's hereditary breast cancer has a higher\u2010than\u2010average prevalence. Our acceptability of prophylactic risk\u2010reducing mastectomy (PRRM) still needs to be determined, and genetic testing still needs to be offered to all eligible. The aim is to determine the number of women presenting to our centre who availed of PRRM after positive genetic tests and the main reasons restraining them from considering PRRM.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Materials and methods<\/jats:italic> This study is a single\u2010centre, prospective cohort. We collected data from 2017 to 2022 on BRCA1\/2 and other (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\/LP) gene\u2010positive patients. Continuous variables are presented as means (\u00b1SD) and categorical variables in percentages, with a significant <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010value of \u2264 0.05.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic> Out of 477 tested individuals, only 95(20.12%) had a positive result. BRCA1\/2 was positive in 70 cases, while <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\/LP variants were in 24 cases. Only 32.6% of eligible families underwent genetic testing, with 54.8% positivity. Altogether, 92.6% of patients had BRCA1\/2\u2010related cancers. Only 25\/95(26.3%) individuals availed of PRRM, the majority had contralateral risk\u2010reducing mastectomy 68% with a 20% reconstruction rate. The main reasons to decline PRRM were false belief of not having any disease 57.44%, followed by family\/spouse pressure 51%, body appearance\/societal perception, fear of complications\/quality of life and financial constraints.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic> Genetic testing and its implications are still a grey area for LMICs, primarily due to the scarcity of centres offering genetic testing to eligible populations, followed by prevalent perceptions about prophylactic surgeries among the masses. Addressing relevant issues in LMICs is the need of time.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-023-07033-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]],"date-time":"2023-05-05T12:02:13Z","timestamp":1683288133000},"page":"2154-2160","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prophylactic Risk\u2010Reducing Mastectomy (PRRM): A Set Practice or Catch\u201022 Situation in LMIC. A Single\u2010Centre Prospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6386-4047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehwish","family":"Mooghal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery Aga Khan University Hospital 74800 Karachi Sindh Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lubna M.","family":"Vohra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery Aga Khan University Hospital 74800 Karachi Sindh Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wajiha","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Dow University of Health Sciences Karachi Sindh Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fizza","family":"Akbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Women and Child Health Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi Sindh Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756\u20109966\u201027\u201032"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Risk assessment for sporadic breast cancer: the need for a molecular profile","volume":"3","author":"Danforth DN","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Surg."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.21635"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8091231"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0802968"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","unstructured":"DalyM. 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