{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T15:04:46Z","timestamp":1791471886131,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,4]],"date-time":"2022-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641254400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,4]],"date-time":"2022-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641254400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The PURE study is a randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing the clinical and MRI outcomes of patients treated with non-spherical polyvinyl alcohol, ns-PVA (Contour PVA\u2013Boston Scientific\u2013355\u2013500 &amp; 500\u2013700 microns) versus calibrated hydrogel microspheres (Embozene\u2013Varian Inc\u2013700 &amp; 900 microns) for symptomatic uterine fibroids.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective, ethically approved non-sponsored RCT in 84 patients in a single UK tertiary IR unit, ISRCTN registry trial number ISRCTN18191539 in 2013 and 2014. All patients with symptomatic fibroid disease were eligible. UAE followed a standardised protocol with UFS-QOL and contrast-enhanced MRI before and 6\u00a0months post UAE. Outcome measures included: (1) Uterine Fibroid Symptom and Quality of Life questionnaire (UFS-QOL). (2) Percentage total and dominant fibroid infarction. (3)   Uterine and dominant fibroid volume reduction. (4) Volume of embolics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sixty-three patients completed the QOL follow-up (33\u00a0ns-PVA vs 30 Embozenes), the groups were equivalent at baseline. Patients were followed up for 6\u00a0months following UAE. There was no significant difference in symptom scores or HR-QOL between ns-PVA and Embozenes,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.67 and 0.21, respectively. 92.7% of patients treated with ns-PVA achieved &gt;\u00a090% dominant fibroid infarction versus 61.8% treated with Embozenes (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0016). 66% of patients treated with ns\u2009=\u2009PVA achieved &gt;\u00a090% total fibroid percentage infarction compared with 35% in the Embozene group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.011). The mean vials\/syringes used were 5.2 with Embozenes versus 4.1 using PVA (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.08).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The PURE study informs IRs regarding the efficacy of embolic agents in UAE, with superior fibroid infarction on MRI using ns-PVA versus Embozenes however no significant difference in clinical outcomes at 6\u00a0months after UAE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-021-02977-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,4]],"date-time":"2022-01-04T12:26:37Z","timestamp":1641299197000},"page":"207-215","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Randomised Controlled Trial of Particles Used in Uterine fibRoid Embolisation (PURE): Non-Spherical Polyvinyl Alcohol Versus Calibrated Microspheres"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8353-2656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raj","family":"Das","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Wale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seyed Ameli","family":"Renani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lakshmi","family":"Ratnam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leto","family":"Mailli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joo-Young","family":"Chun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sourav","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Balpreet","family":"Duggal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isaac","family":"Manyonda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna-Maria","family":"Belli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2977_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa062003","volume":"356","author":"The REST Investigators","year":"2007","unstructured":"The REST Investigators. Uterine-artery embolization versus surgery for symptomatic uterine fibroids. N Engl J Med. 2007;356:360\u2013437.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2977_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2463070260","volume":"246","author":"WJ Hehenkamp","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hehenkamp WJ, Volkers NA, Birnie E, Reekers JA, Ankum WM. Symptomatic uterine fibroids: treatment with uterine artery embolization or hysterectomy\u2013results from the randomized clinical embolisation versus hysterectomy (EMMY) trial. Radiology. 2008;246(3):823\u201332.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2977_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-011-0228-5","volume":"35","author":"IT Manyonda","year":"2012","unstructured":"Manyonda IT, Bratby M, Horst JS, Banu N, Gorti M, Belli AM. Uterine artery embolization versus myomectomy: impact on quality of life\u2013results of the FUME (fibroids of the uterus: myomectomy versus embolization) trial. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2012;35:530\u20136.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2977_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-011-0228-5","volume":"35","author":"IT Manyonda","year":"2012","unstructured":"Manyonda IT, Bratby M, Horst JS, Banu N, Gorti M, Belli AM. Uterine artery embolization versus myomectomy: impact on quality of life- results of the FUME (fibroids of the uterus: myomectomy versus embolization) trial. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2012;35(3):530\u20136.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2977_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000165828.68787.a9","volume":"106","author":"R Worthington-Kirsch","year":"2005","unstructured":"Worthington-Kirsch R, Spies JB, Myers ER, Mulgund J, Mauro M, Pron G, Peterson ED, Goodwin S. FIBROID investigators. The fibroid registry for outcomes data (FIBROID) for uterine embolization: short-term outcomes. Obstet Gynecol. 2005;106(1):52\u20139.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"8","key":"2977_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1097\/01.RVI.0000136982.42548.5D","volume":"15","author":"JB Spies","year":"2004","unstructured":"Spies JB, Allison S, Flick P, McCullough M, Sterbis K, Cramp M, Bruno J, Jha R. Polyvinyl alcohol particles and tris-acryl gelatin microspheres for uterine artery embolization for leiomyomas: results of a randomized comparative study. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2004;15(8):793\u2013800.","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2977_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2007.08.034","volume":"19","author":"GP Siskin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Siskin GP, Beck A, Schuster M, Mandato K, Englander M, Herr A. Leiomyoma infarction after uterine artery embolization: a prospective randomized study comparing tris-acryl gelatin microspheres versus polyvinyl alcohol microspheres. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2008;19(1):58\u201365.","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"2977_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1097\/01.RVI.0000179793.69590.1A","volume":"16","author":"JB Spies","year":"2005","unstructured":"Spies JB, Allison S, Flick P, Cramp M, Bruno J, Jha RC, Ascher SA. Spherical polyvinyl alcohol versus tris-acryl gelatin microspheres for uterine artery embolization for leiomyomas: results of a limited randomized comparative study. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2005;16(11):1431\u20137.","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2977_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2014.03.009","volume":"25","author":"RD Shlansky-Goldberg","year":"2014","unstructured":"Shlansky-Goldberg RD, Rosen MA, Mondschein JI, Stavropoulos SW, Trerotola SO, Diaz-Cartelle J. Comparison of polyvinyl alcohol microspheres and tris-acryl gelatin microspheres for uterine fibroid embolization: results of a single-center randomized study. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2014;25(6):823\u201332.","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2977_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2011.05.011","volume":"22","author":"SC Yu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yu SC, Lok I, Ho SS, Tong MM, Hui JW. Comparison of clinical outcomes of tris-acryl microspheres versus polyvinyl alcohol microspheres for uterine artery embolisation for leiomyomas: results of a randomised trial. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2011;22(9):1229\u201335.","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2977_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1830","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2010.09.014","volume":"21","author":"AJ Smeets","year":"2010","unstructured":"Smeets AJ, Nijenhuis RJ, van Rooij WJ, Lampmann LE, Boekkooi PF, Vervest HA, De Vries J, Lohle PN. Embolization of uterine leiomyomas with polyzene F-coated hydrogel microspheres: initial experience. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2010;21(12):1830\u20134.","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2977_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-010-9986-8","volume":"34","author":"U Stampfl","year":"2011","unstructured":"Stampfl U, Radeleff B, Sommer C, Stampfl S, Dahlke A, Bellemann N, Kauczor HU, Richter GM. Midterm results of uterine artery embolization using narrow-size calibrated embozene microspheres. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2011;34(2):295\u2013305.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2977_CR13","first-page":"1179","volume":"37","author":"R Das","year":"2011","unstructured":"Das R, Champaneria R, Daniels JP, Belli AM. Comparison of embolic agents used in uterine artery embolisation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2014; 37(5): 1179\u201390","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"2977_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-017-1703-4","volume":"40","author":"DK Fillippiadis","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fillippiadis DK, Binkert C, Pellerin O, Hoffmann RT, Krajina A, Pereira PL. CIRSE classification S. Cirse quality assurance document and standards for classification of complications: the cirse classification system. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2017;40(8):1141\u20136.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2977_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.10090977","volume":"255","author":"TJ Kroencke","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kroencke TJ, Scheurig C, Poellinger A, Gronewold M, Hamm B. Uterine artery embolization for leiomyomas: percentage of infarction predicts clinical outcome. Radiology. 2010;255(3):834\u201341.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"2977_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e727","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2012.01.031","volume":"81","author":"C Scheurig-Muenkler","year":"2012","unstructured":"Scheurig-Muenkler C, Koesters C, Grieser C, Hamm B, Kroencke TJ. Treatment failure after uterine artery embolization: prospective cohort study with multifactorial analysis of possible predictors of long-term outcome. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(5):e727\u201331.","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2977_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2017.03.015","volume":"28","author":"EA Lacayo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lacayo EA, Richman DL, Acord MR, Wolfman DJ, Caridi TM, Desale SY, Spies JB. Leiomyoma infarction after uterine artery embolization: influence of embolic agent and leiomyoma size and location on outcome. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2017;28(7):1003\u201310.","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2977_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s42155-018-0044-y","volume":"2","author":"R Yadavali","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yadavali R, Ananthakrishnan G, Sim M, Monaghan K, McNaught G, Hamoodi I, Bryden F, Lassman S, Moss JG. Randomised trial of two embolic agents for uterine artery embolisation for fibroids: gelfoam versus embospheres (RAGE trial). CVIR Endovasc. 2019;2(1):4.","journal-title":"CVIR Endovasc"},{"issue":"1","key":"2977_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719114553451","volume":"22","author":"MJ Thrippleton","year":"2015","unstructured":"Thrippleton MJ, Munro K, McKillop G, Newby DE, Marshall I, Roberts N, Critchley H. Unbiased and efficient estimation of the volume of the fibroid uterus using the cavalieri method and magnetic resonance imaging. Reprod Sci. 2015;22(1):15\u201322.","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"}],"container-title":["CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00270-021-02977-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00270-021-02977-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00270-021-02977-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]],"date-time":"2022-02-01T17:04:28Z","timestamp":1643735068000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00270-021-02977-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,4]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}},"alternative-id":["2977"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00270-021-02977-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0174-1551","1432-086X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0174-1551","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-086X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 November 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 August 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 January 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"All of the authors declare no conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}}]}}