{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T05:20:23Z","timestamp":1777526423075,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]],"date-time":"2022-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650240000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]],"date-time":"2022-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650240000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008349","name":"Universit\u00e4t Duisburg-Essen","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In uveal melanoma patients, liver metastases can be treated by hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy (HAIC). During this procedure, melphalan or, less frequently, fotemustine is infused into the hepatic artery or the hepatic lobe arteries in regularly repeated interventions to achieve local tumor control. The aim of this study was to investigate the radiation exposure of HAIC.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In this retrospective study, dose data from 841 procedures in 140 patients (mean age 65.3\u2009\u00b1\u20099.9\u00a0years, 74 female) who underwent HAIC between 06\/2017 and 10\/2021 at one of three different angiography systems were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In the overall population, dose area product (DAP) (median (IQR)) was 1773\u00a0cGy\u00b7cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (884\u20133688). DAP was significantly higher in the first intervention, where a complete diagnostic workup of the vasculature was performed, than in follow-up interventions: 5765\u00a0cGy\u00b7cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (3160\u20138804) versus 1502\u00a0cGy\u00b7cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (807\u20132712)\u00a0(<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). DAP also increased significantly with the number of infusion positions (median, (IQR)): one position 1301\u00a0cGy\u00b7cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (633\u20132717), two positions 1985\u00a0cGy\u00b7cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (1118\u20134074), three positions 6407\u00a0cGy\u00b7cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (2616\u201311590) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In uveal melanoma patients with liver metastases undergoing HAIC, radiation exposure is significantly higher both at the first intervention compared to follow-up interventions, but also with increasing number of infusion positions.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p>Level of evidence: 3<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-022-03130-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]],"date-time":"2022-04-18T17:05:55Z","timestamp":1650301555000},"page":"841-845","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Radiation Dose Aspects of Hepatic Artery Infusion Chemotherapy in Uveal Melanoma Patients with Liver Metastases"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2997-0740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastian","family":"Zensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcel K.","family":"Opitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johannes M.","family":"Ludwig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Haubold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heike","family":"Richly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jens T.","family":"Siveke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jens M.","family":"Theysohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Forsting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"Bos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benedikt M.","family":"Schaarschmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"3130_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hpb.2019.11.002","volume":"22","author":"A Rowcroft","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rowcroft A, Loveday BPT, Thomson BNJ, et al. 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Zensen was supported as Junior Clinician Scientist, and D. Bos and J. Haubold were supported as Clinician Scientists and received research grants under the University Medicine Essen Academy (UMEA) program funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG; Grant FU356\/12-1) and the Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen.\u00a0Benedikt M. Schaarschmidt is supported by a research grant from PharmaCept, outside the submitted work.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. For this type of study, formal consent is not required.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}},{"value":"This study has obtained IRB approval from the Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, and the need for informed consent was waived.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed Consent"}},{"value":"For this type of study, consent for publication is not required.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}}]}}