{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T15:24:46Z","timestamp":1774538686501,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750723200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750723200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Health Sciences"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) is associated with significant procedural pain, typically managed with opioid-based sedation, which carries risks such as respiratory depression, nausea, and hemodynamic instability. The erector spinae plane block (ESPB) has emerged as an opioid-sparing alternative for perioperative pain management. This study aimed to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of ESPB compared to procedural analgesia with fentanyl (PAF) in PTBD patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients who underwent PTBD with ESPB or PAF were assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) at five time points: pre-procedure, intra-procedure, and 1, 6, and 12\u00a0h post-procedure. Opioid consumption and procedure-related complications were also recorded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      101 patients who underwent PTBD with either pre-procedural ESPB (n\u2009=\u200941) or PAF (n\u2009=\u200960) were included. The ESPB group demonstrated significantly lower median pain scores at 1\u00a0h (3 vs. 6,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), 6\u00a0h (2 vs. 4,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and 12\u00a0h (1 vs. 2,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) post-procedure compared to the PAF group. Although intra-procedural pain scores were comparable between the two groups, patients in the ESPB group experienced a more rapid decline in post-procedural pain, returning to near-baseline levels at 1\u00a0h, whereas pain in the PAF group remained elevated (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). No patients in the ESPB group required additional opioid analgesia post-procedure, whereas tramadol was administered in the PAF group as needed for breakthrough pain (NRS\u2009\u2265\u20096).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ESPB provides effective analgesia for PTBD, minimizing opioid use while enhancing patient comfort and procedural success.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-025-04108-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T15:54:44Z","timestamp":1750780484000},"page":"1409-1417","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Erector Spinae Plane Block for Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage: A Comparative Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2869-6842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c7a\u011fr\u0131","family":"Erdim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2931-4789","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet Hamza","family":"T\u00fcrkcano\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4537-894X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rabia","family":"Deniz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4117-191X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamit","family":"\u00d6zg\u00fcl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9027-0016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Z\u00f6hre","family":"Okur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5330-169X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tevfik","family":"G\u00fczelbey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4361-5817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mustafa Fatih","family":"Arslan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4658-2192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00d6zg\u00fcr","family":"K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7kesmez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"4108_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-021-02903-4","volume":"44","author":"M Das","year":"2021","unstructured":"Das M, van der Leij C, Katoh M, Benten D, Hendriks BMF, Hatzidakis A. 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Conflict of Interest disclosure form was loaded by the first auhor.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Research Ethics Committee (Project number 2024-316), and all patients gave a written informed consent for both procedures and publish of medical records.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}}]}}