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We sought to develop a model that utilize the combination of both these techniques to improve current tools for anatomical research, teaching and preoperative surgical planning, particularly addressing the venous system of the brain.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Seven ethanol-fixed human cadaveric heads and one arm were injected with a latex-barium mixture into the internal jugular veins and the brachial artery. After the ethanol-based fixation, specimens were scanned by high-resolution cone-beam CT and images were post-processed on a 3D-workstation. Subsequent, microsurgical dissections were performed by an experienced neurosurgeon and venous anatomy was compared with relevant 3D venograms.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Latex-barium mixtures resulted in a homogenous cast with filling of the cerebral venous structures down to 150\u00a0\u03bcm in diameter. The ethanol-based preparation of the cadaveric brains allowed for near-realistic microsurgical maneuverability during dissection. The model improves assessment of the venous system for anatomical education and hands-on surgical training.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To our knowledge we describe the first preparation method which combines near-realistic microsurgical dissection of human heads with high-resolution 3D imaging of the cerebral venous system in the same specimens.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-023-03195-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,5]],"date-time":"2023-08-05T10:01:52Z","timestamp":1691229712000},"page":"1177-1184","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Combined cone-beam CT imaging and microsurgical dissection of cadaver specimens to study cerebral venous anatomy: a technical note"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6393-2698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Markus E.","family":"Krogager","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2014-7400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rasmus H.","family":"Dahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1506-5726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars","family":"Poulsgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1520-7122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K\u00e5re","family":"Fugleholm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Sehested","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0010-5123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ronni","family":"Mikkelsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f8rgen","family":"Tranum-Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9463-1919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiit I.","family":"Mathiesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9824-6900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Goetz","family":"Benndorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"3195_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2003.99.6.1028","volume":"99","author":"P Chaynes","year":"2003","unstructured":"Chaynes P (2003) Microsurgical anatomy of the great cerebral vein of Galen and its tributaries. 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All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest or non-financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The bodies used for the study were bequeathed to the Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine (ICMM), University of Copenhagen, according to the Danish Health Care Act, #548 \u00a7188, and the study was approved by the head of the body donation programme. The research was conducted in accordance with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"The content of this project including the figures was presented as a poster at the eEANS2021 (available at ).","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Previous presentations"}}]}}