{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T19:21:31Z","timestamp":1782328891856,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]],"date-time":"2021-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614643200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]],"date-time":"2021-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614643200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81600130, 81770166, 81720108002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81600130, 81770166, 81720108002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008848","name":"Elitenetzwerk Bayern","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZDRCA2016022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZDRCA2016022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008848","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Project of National Key Clinical Specialty, National Science & Technology Pillar Program","award":["2014BAI09B12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014BAI09B12"]}]},{"name":"Jiangsu Provincial Special Program of Medical Science","award":["BE2017751"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BE2017751"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018537","name":"National Science and Technology Major Project","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2018ZX09734007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018ZX09734007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018537","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Jiangsu Province\u2019s Young Medical Talents Program","award":["QNRC2016683"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QNRC2016683"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Hematol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-021-04474-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]],"date-time":"2021-03-02T09:03:47Z","timestamp":1614675827000},"page":"995-1002","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Circulating low CD4+\/CD8+ ratio is associated with poor prognosis in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia patients"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"100","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0444-439X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Lin","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Hua","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua-Yuan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng-Hua","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian-Yong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4208-7477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"20","key":"4474_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2375","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-01-643569","volume":"127","author":"SH Swerdlow","year":"2016","unstructured":"Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Pileri SA, Harris NL, Stein H, Siebert R, Advani R, Ghielmini M, Salles GA, Zelenetz AD, Jaffe ES (2016) The 2016 revision of the World Health Organization classification of lymphoid neoplasms. Blood 127(20):2375\u20132390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2016-01-643569","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"18","key":"4474_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4163","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-08-174961","volume":"113","author":"P Morel","year":"2009","unstructured":"Morel P, Duhamel A, Gobbi P, Dimopoulos MA, Dhodapkar MV, McCoy J, Crowley J, Ocio EM, Garcia-Sanz R, Treon SP, Leblond V, Kyle RA, Barlogie B, Merlini G (2009) International prognostic scoring system for Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. Blood 113(18):4163\u20134170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2008-08-174961","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"7203","key":"4474_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07205","volume":"454","author":"A Mantovani","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mantovani A, Allavena P, Sica A, Balkwill F (2008) Cancer-related inflammation. Nature 454(7203):436\u2013444. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature07205","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"4474_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00276","volume":"5","author":"SR Bailey","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bailey SR, Nelson MH, Himes RA, Li Z, Mehrotra S, Paulos CM (2014) Th17 cells in cancer: the ultimate identity crisis. Front Immunol 5:276. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00276","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4474_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e558","DOI":"10.1038\/bcj.2017.37","volume":"7","author":"Y Kusano","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kusano Y, Yokoyama M, Terui Y, Nishimura N, Mishima Y, Ueda K, Tsuyama N, Yamauchi H, Takahashi A, Inoue N, Takeuchi K, Hatake K (2017) Low absolute peripheral blood CD4+ T-cell count predicts poor prognosis in R-CHOP-treated patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Blood Cancer J 7(4):e558. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/bcj.2017.37","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J"},{"issue":"10","key":"4474_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-04-711234","volume":"128","author":"V Leblond","year":"2016","unstructured":"Leblond V, Kastritis E, Advani R, Ansell SM, Buske C, Castillo JJ, Garc\u00eda-Sanz R, Gertz M, Kimby E, Kyriakou C, Merlini G, Minnema MC, Morel P, Morra E, Rummel M, Wechalekar A, Patterson CJ, Treon SP, Dimopoulos MA (2016) Treatment recommendations from the Eighth International Workshop on Waldenstr\u00f6m\u2019s macroglobulinemia. Blood 128(10):1321\u20131328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2016-04-711234","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"1","key":"4474_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.14201","volume":"175","author":"YN Blaker","year":"2016","unstructured":"Blaker YN, Spetalen S, Brodtkorb M, Lingjaerde OC, Beiske K, \u00d8stenstad B, Sander B, Wahlin BE, Melen CM, Myklebust JH, Holte H, Delabie J, Smeland EB (2016) The tumour microenvironment influences survival and time to transformation in follicular lymphoma in the rituximab era. Br J Haematol 175(1):102\u2013114. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjh.14201","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4474_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines4040038","volume":"4","author":"C Camisaschi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Camisaschi C, Vallacchi V, Vergani E, Tazzari M, Ferro S, Tuccitto A, Kuchuk O, Shahaj E, Sulsenti R, Castelli C, Rodolfo M, Rivoltini L, Huber V (2016) Targeting immune regulatory networks to counteract immune suppression in cancer. Vaccines 4(4):38. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/vaccines4040038","journal-title":"Vaccines"},{"issue":"9","key":"4474_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12589","DOI":"10.1007\/s13277-016-5124-9","volume":"37","author":"L He","year":"2016","unstructured":"He L, Liang JH, Wu JZ, Li Y, Qin SC, Miao Y, Wu YJ, Wang Y, Wang L, Fan L, Li JY, Xu W (2016) Low absolute CD4+ T cell counts in peripheral blood are associated with inferior survival in follicular lymphoma. Tumour Biol 37(9):12589\u201312595. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13277-016-5124-9","journal-title":"Tumour Biol"},{"issue":"10","key":"4474_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.13020","volume":"107","author":"XY Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang XY, Xu J, Zhu HY, Wang Y, Wang L, Fan L, Wu YJ, Li JY, Xu W (2016) Negative prognostic impact of low absolute CD4+ T cell counts in peripheral blood in mantle cell lymphoma. Cancer Sci 107(10):1471\u20131476. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cas.13020","journal-title":"Cancer Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"4474_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCPUJGMVV6ZF4GG","volume":"144","author":"C Chang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chang C, Wu SY, Kang YW, Lin KP, Chen TY, Medeiros LJ, Chang KC (2015) High levels of regulatory T cells in blood are a poor prognostic factor in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Am J Clin Pathol 144(6):935\u2013944. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1309\/AJCPUJGMVV6ZF4GG","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"12","key":"4474_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4452","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-04-150854","volume":"112","author":"SP Treon","year":"2008","unstructured":"Treon SP, Soumerai JD, Branagan AR, Hunter ZR, Patterson CJ, Ioakimidis L, Briccetti FM, Pasmantier M, Zimbler H, Cooper RB, Moore M, Hill J 2nd, Rauch A, Garbo L, Chu L, Chua C, Nantel SH, Lovett DR, Boedeker H, Sonneborn H et al (2008) Thalidomide and rituximab in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. Blood 112(12):4452\u20134457. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2008-04-150854","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"26","key":"4474_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2545","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1708566","volume":"377","author":"SJ Schuster","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schuster SJ, Svoboda J, Chong EA, Nasta SD, Mato AR, Anak \u00d6, Brogdon JL, Pruteanu-Malinici I, Bhoj V, Landsburg D, Wasik M, Levine BL, Lacey SF, Melenhorst JJ, Porter DL, June CH (2017) Chimeric antigen receptor t cells in refractory B-cell lymphomas. N Engl J Med 377(26):2545\u20132554. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1708566","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"15","key":"4474_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1985","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2018021113","volume":"2","author":"S Jalali","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jalali S, Price-Troska T, Paludo J, Villasboas J, Kim HJ, Yang ZZ, Novak AJ, Ansell SM (2018) Soluble PD-1 ligands regulate T-cell function in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. Blood Adv 2(15):1985\u20131997. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/bloodadvances.2018021113","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"issue":"3","key":"4474_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mad.2005.11.001","volume":"127","author":"P Saule","year":"2006","unstructured":"Saule P, Trauet J, Dutriez V, Lekeux V, Dessaint JP, Labalette M (2006) Accumulation of memory T cells from childhood to old age: central and effector memory cells in CD4(+) versus effector memory and terminally differentiated memory cells in CD8(+) compartment. Mech Ageing Dev 127(3):274\u2013281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mad.2005.11.001","journal-title":"Mech Ageing Dev"},{"issue":"1","key":"4474_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.12.002","volume":"127","author":"M Czesnikiewicz-Guzik","year":"2008","unstructured":"Czesnikiewicz-Guzik M, Lee WW, Cui D, Hiruma Y, Lamar DL, Yang ZZ, Ouslander JG, Weyand CM, Goronzy JJ (2008) T cell subset-specific susceptibility to aging. Clin Immunol (Orlando, Fla) 127(1):107\u2013118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clim.2007.12.002","journal-title":"Clin Immunol (Orlando, Fla)"},{"issue":"4","key":"4474_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdz032","volume":"30","author":"H Ghesquieres","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ghesquieres H, Chevrier M, Laadhari M, Chinot O, Choquet S, Molu\u00e7on-Chabrot C, Beauchesne P, Gressin R, Morschhauser F, Schmitt A, Gyan E, Hoang-Xuan K, Nicolas-Virelizier E, Cassoux N, Touitou V, Le Garff-Tavernier M, Savignoni A, Turbiez I, Soumelis V, Houillier C et al (2019) Lenalidomide in combination with intravenous rituximab (REVRI) in relapsed\/refractory primary CNS lymphoma or primary intraocular lymphoma: a multicenter prospective \u2018proof of concept\u2019 phase II study of the French Oculo-Cerebral lymphoma (LOC) Network and the Lymphoma Study Association (LYSA)\u2020. Ann Oncol 30(4):621\u2013628. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/annonc\/mdz032","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"4474_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2487","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.2487","volume":"4","author":"E Besada","year":"2016","unstructured":"Besada E, Nossent JC (2016) CD4 cell count and CD4\/CD8 ratio increase during rituximab maintenance in granulomatosis with polyangiitis patients. PeerJ 4:e2487. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717\/peerj.2487","journal-title":"PeerJ"}],"container-title":["Annals of Hematology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00277-021-04474-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00277-021-04474-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00277-021-04474-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]],"date-time":"2021-03-15T09:49:30Z","timestamp":1615801770000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00277-021-04474-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"alternative-id":["4474"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00277-021-04474-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0939-5555","1432-0584"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0939-5555","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0584","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 July 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 February 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 March 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This research was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and met the requirements of the institutional, national, and Helsinki declaration.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}