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Twenty-two patients received chidamide combined with mBuCy conditioning regimen (Chi group). A matched-pair control (CON) group of 44 patients (matched 1:2) received mBuCy only in the same period. The leukemia-free survival (LFS), overall survival (OS), cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR), and non-relapse-related mortality (NRM) were evaluated. Patients in the Chi group were associated with lower 2-year CIR (19.0 vs. 41.4%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.030), better 2-year LFS (76.1 vs. 48.1%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.014), and had no significant difference in 2-year OS (80.5 vs. 66.4%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.088). Patients with minimal residual disease (MRD) positive before HSCT in the Chi group exhibited an advantage in 2-year LFS and a trend towards better 2-year OS (75.0 vs. 10.2%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.048; 75.0 vs. 11.4%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.060, respectively). Multivariable analysis showed that the chidamide intensified regimen was independently associated with better LFS (HR 0.23; 95%CI, 0.08\u20130.63; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.004), and showed no significant impact with OS for all patients (HR 0.34, 95%CI, 0.11\u20131.07; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.064). The cumulative incidence rates of grade II-IV aGVHD were similar (36.4 vs. 38.6%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.858). 20 patients in Chi group evinced an elevation in \u03b3-glutamyltransferase, as compared to the mBuCy group (90.9 vs. 65.9%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.029). No transplantation-related mortality was documented within the first 100 days after transplantation. The results demonstrate that the chidamide intensified regimen may be an effective and acceptable safety option for T-ALL\/LBL undergoing allo-HSCT, and further validation is needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-024-05849-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,20]],"date-time":"2024-06-20T05:02:06Z","timestamp":1718859726000},"page":"3083-3093","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Chidamide combined with a modified Bu-Cy conditioning regimen improves survival in patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia\/lymphoma undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Xuanqi","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanming","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qingya","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haiping","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yunju","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mengyun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sifan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aining","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huiying","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suning","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaming","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Borje S.","family":"Andersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Depei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaowen","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"5849_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1080\/10428194.2018.1522442","volume":"60","author":"MG Guru","year":"2019","unstructured":"Guru MG, Pondaiah SK, Abedin S, Atallah E (2019) Incidence and survival of t-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the United States. 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