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This is a retrospective study conducted at West China Hospital of Sichuan University, which included patients diagnosed with AL and concomitant GNB BSI from 2016 to 2021. A total of 206 patients with GNB BSI in AL were included. The 30-day mortality rate for all patients was 26.2%, with rates of 25.8% for those with MDR GNB BSI and 59.1% for those with CR GNB BSI. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that exposure to quinolones (Odds ratio (OR)\u2009=\u20093.111, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.623\u20135.964, p\u2009=\u20090.001) within the preceding 30 days was an independent risk factor for MDR GNB BSI, while placement of urinary catheter (OR\u2009=\u20096.311, 95%CI: 2.478\u201316.073, p\u00a0&lt; 0.001) and exposure to cephalosporins (OR\u2009=\u20092.340, 95%CI: 1.090\u20135.025, p\u2009=\u20090.029) and carbapenems (OR\u2009=\u20092.558, 95%CI: 1.190\u20135.497, p\u2009=\u20090.016) within the preceding 30 days were independently associated with CR GNB BSI. Additionally, CR GNB BSI (OR\u2009=\u20092.960, 95% CI: 1.016\u20138.624, p\u2009=\u20090.047), relapsed\/refractory AL (OR\u2009=\u20093.035, 95% CI: 1.265\u20137.354, p\u2009=\u20090.013), septic shock (OR\u2009=\u20095.108, 95% CI: 1.794\u201314.547, p\u2009=\u20090.002), platelets\u2009&lt;\u200930\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\n                    \/L before BSI (OR\u2009=\u20097.785, 95% CI: 2.055\u201329.492, p\u2009=\u20090.003), and inappropriate empiric antibiotic therapy (OR\u2009=\u20093.140, 95% CI: 1.171\u20138.417, p\u2009=\u20090.023) were independent risk factors for 30-day mortality in AL patients with GNB BSI. Prior antibiotic exposure was a significant factor in the occurrence of MDR GNB BSI and CR GNB BSI. CR GNB BSI increased the risk of mortality in AL patients with GNB BSI.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-024-05866-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,3]],"date-time":"2024-07-03T04:05:03Z","timestamp":1719979503000},"page":"4021-4031","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Adult acute leukemia patients with gram-negative bacteria bloodstream infection: Risk factors and outcomes of antibiotic-resistant bacteria"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Jinjin","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingchun","family":"Mu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinbing","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinrong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yali","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ailin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"5866_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.11.022","volume":"21","author":"EM Trecarichi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Trecarichi EM, Pagano L, Candoni A et al (2015) Current epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance data for bacterial bloodstream infections in patients with hematologic malignancies: an Italian multicentre prospective survey. 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Since retrospective data were used, the IRB of West China Hospital of Sichuan University waived the requirement for informed consent. This research complied with the ethical principles for medical research declared by the World Medical Association, and the study was conducted in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1964 and all of its amendments. All patient data was kept confidential and secured. The collected patient information was used only for research purposes.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}