{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T12:27:19Z","timestamp":1793449639689,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746748800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Hematol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-025-06387-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]],"date-time":"2025-05-08T20:44:17Z","timestamp":1746737057000},"page":"3077-3090","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["\u201cGalectin-9: A double-edged sword in Acute Myeloid Leukemia\u201d"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"104","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3325-5125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omolbanin Sargazi","family":"Aval","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4779-6077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Ahmadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali Jihad","family":"Hemid Al-Athari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1045-7613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamed","family":"Soleimani Samarkhazan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6689-2888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Sotudeh Chafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2789-8271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marjan","family":"Asadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4884-5218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Hossein","family":"Mohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6382-6657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mojtaba","family":"Aghaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"6387_CR1","first-page":"12","volume":"13","author":"H Makkar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Makkar H, Majhi RK, Goel H, Gupta AK, Chopra A, Tanwar P et al (2023) Acute myeloid leukemia: novel mutations and their clinical implications. Am J Blood Res 13(1):12\u201327","journal-title":"Am J Blood Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"6387_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1770768","volume":"10","author":"H Singh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Singh H, Kumar M, Kanungo H (2023) Role of gene mutations in acute myeloid leukemia: A review Article. Global Med Genet 10(2):123\u2013128","journal-title":"Global Med Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"6387_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/s40364-025-00738-6","volume":"13","author":"H Soleimani Samarkhazan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Soleimani Samarkhazan H, Zehtabcheh S, Seraji HR, Beqaj SH, Tayefeh S, Mohammadi MH et al (2025) Unveiling the potential of CLL-1: a promising target for AML therapy. Biomark Res 13(1):28","journal-title":"Biomark Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"6387_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.61186\/ijbc.16.2.84","volume":"16","author":"SA Aghapour","year":"2024","unstructured":"Aghapour SA, Torabizadeh M, Bahreiny SS, Saki N, Jalali Far MA, Yousefi-Avarvand A et al (2024) Investigating the dynamic interplay between cellular immunity and tumor cells in the fight against cancer: an updated comprehensive review. Iran J Blood Cancer 16(2):84\u2013101","journal-title":"Iran J Blood Cancer"},{"key":"6387_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellimm.2021.104287","volume":"361","author":"P Moar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Moar P, Tandon R (2021) Galectin-9 as a biomarker of disease severity. Cell Immunol 361:104287","journal-title":"Cell Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"6387_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gendis.2022.05.020","volume":"10","author":"Y Lv","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lv Y, Ma X, Ma Y, Du Y, Feng J (2023) A new emerging target in cancer immunotherapy: Galectin-9 (LGALS9). Genes Dis 10(6):2366\u20132382","journal-title":"Genes Dis"},{"key":"6387_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang M, Liu C, Li Y, Li H, Zhang W, Liu J et al (2024) Galectin-9 in cancer therapy: from immune checkpoint ligand to promising therapeutic target. Front Cell Dev Biology.;11","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2023.1332205"},{"key":"6387_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang WH, Lin CY, Chang MR, Urbina AN, Assavalapsakul W, Thitithanyanont A et al (2020) The role of galectins in virus infection - A systemic literature review. Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection\u2009=\u2009wei Mian Yu Gan Ran Za Zhi. 53(6):925\u2013935","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2019.09.005"},{"issue":"1","key":"6387_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2023.10.003","volume":"63","author":"SS Bahreiny","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bahreiny SS, Bastani M-N, Aghaei M, Dabbagh MR, Mahdizade AH (2024) Circulating Galectin-3 levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A meta-analysis. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 63(1):37\u201345","journal-title":"Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"6387_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-1580-4_7","volume":"1204","author":"GR Vasta","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vasta GR (2020) Galectins in Host-Pathogen interactions: structural, functional and evolutionary aspects. Adv Exp Med Biol 1204:169\u2013196","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"issue":"10","key":"6387_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1080\/17474086.2024.2391102","volume":"17","author":"Z Eftekhar","year":"2024","unstructured":"Eftekhar Z, Aghaei M, Saki N (2024) DNA damage repair in megakaryopoiesis: molecular and clinical aspects. Expert Rev Hematol 17(10):705\u2013712","journal-title":"Expert Rev Hematol"},{"issue":"2","key":"6387_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.1007\/s40200-024-01461-z","volume":"23","author":"SS Bahreiny","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bahreiny SS, Ahangarpour A, Aghaei M, Mohammadpour Fard R, Jalali Far MA, Sakhavarz T (2024) A closer look at Galectin-3: its association with gestational diabetes mellitus revealed by systematic review and meta-analysis. J Diabetes Metabolic Disorders 23(2):1621\u20131633","journal-title":"J Diabetes Metabolic Disorders"},{"key":"6387_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e17","DOI":"10.1017\/S1462399408000719","volume":"10","author":"RY Yang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yang RY, Rabinovich GA, Liu FT (2008) Galectins: structure, function and therapeutic potential. Expert Rev Mol Med 10:e17","journal-title":"Expert Rev Mol Med"},{"key":"6387_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1332205","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2023.1332205","volume":"11","author":"M Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang M, Liu C, Li Y, Li H, Zhang W, Liu J et al (2023) Galectin-9 in cancer therapy: from immune checkpoint ligand to promising therapeutic target. Front Cell Dev Biology 11:1332205","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biology"},{"key":"6387_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889034","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.889034","volume":"12","author":"Y Shi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shi Y, Tang D, Li X, Xie X, Ye Y, Wang L (2022) Galectin family members: emerging novel targets for lymphoma therapy?? Front Oncol 12:889034","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"33","key":"6387_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20807","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)31891-4","volume":"269","author":"SH Barondes","year":"1994","unstructured":"Barondes SH, Cooper DN, Gitt MA, Leffler H (1994) Galectins. Structure and function of a large family of animal lectins. J Biol Chem 269(33):20807\u201320810","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"1","key":"6387_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29106","volume":"66","author":"L Golden-Mason","year":"2017","unstructured":"Golden-Mason L, Rosen HR (2017) Galectin-9: diverse roles in hepatic immune homeostasis and inflammation. Hepatology (Baltimore MD) 66(1):271\u2013279","journal-title":"Hepatology (Baltimore MD)"},{"issue":"1","key":"6387_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4286","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-18102-7","volume":"11","author":"JN Sudhakar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sudhakar JN, Lu HH, Chiang HY, Suen CS, Hwang MJ, Wu SY et al (2020) Lumenal Galectin-9-Lamp2 interaction regulates lysosome and autophagy to prevent pathogenesis in the intestine and pancreas. Nat Commun 11(1):4286","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"3","key":"6387_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1007\/s10456-018-9607-8","volume":"21","author":"E Aanhane","year":"2018","unstructured":"Aanhane E, Schulkens IA, Heusschen R, Castricum K, Leffler H, Griffioen AW et al (2018) Different angioregulatory activity of monovalent galectin-9 isoforms. Angiogenesis 21(3):545\u2013555","journal-title":"Angiogenesis"},{"key":"6387_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-1154-7_24","volume":"9","author":"HL Chen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chen HL, Liao F, Lin TN, Liu FT (2014) Galectins and neuroinflammation. Adv Neurobiol 9:517\u2013542","journal-title":"Adv Neurobiol"},{"key":"6387_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen HY, Wu YF, Chou FC, Wu YH, Yeh LT, Lin KI et al (1950) Intracellular Galectin-9 Enhances Proximal TCR Signaling and Potentiates Autoimmune Diseases. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md: 2020;204(5):1158-72","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1901114"},{"issue":"3","key":"6387_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1007\/s12038-016-9616-y","volume":"41","author":"S John","year":"2016","unstructured":"John S, Mishra R (2016) Galectin-9: from cell biology to complex disease dynamics. J Biosci 41(3):507\u2013534","journal-title":"J Biosci"},{"issue":"7","key":"6387_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3631","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.7.3631","volume":"170","author":"K Kashio","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kashio K, Nakamura Y, Abedin MJ, Seki M, Nishi N, Yoshida N et al (2003) Galectin-9 induces apoptosis through the calcium-calpain-caspase-1 pathway. J Immunol (Baltimore Md: 1950) 170(7):3631\u20133636","journal-title":"J Immunol (Baltimore Md: 1950)"},{"key":"6387_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2020.102575","volume":"117","author":"A Chakraborty","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chakraborty A, Staudinger C, King SL, Erickson FC, Lau LS, Bernasconi A et al (2021) Galectin-9 bridges human B cells to vascular endothelium while programming regulatory pathways. J Autoimmun 117:102575","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"6387_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2019.11.019","volume":"22","author":"L Querol Cano","year":"2019","unstructured":"Querol Cano L, Tagit O, Dolen Y, van Duffelen A, Dieltjes S, Buschow SI et al (2019) Intracellular Galectin-9 controls dendritic cell function by maintaining plasma membrane rigidity. iScience 22:240\u2013255","journal-title":"iScience"},{"issue":"1","key":"6387_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13244","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-13802-5","volume":"7","author":"M Labrie","year":"2017","unstructured":"Labrie M, De Araujo LOF, Communal L, Mes-Masson AM, St-Pierre Y (2017) Tissue and plasma levels of galectins in patients with high grade serous ovarian carcinoma as new predictive biomarkers. Sci Rep 7(1):13244","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"6387_CR27","first-page":"654","volume":"38","author":"Y Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang Y, Song L, Sun J, Sui Y, Li D, Li G et al (2020) Expression of Galectin-9 and correlation with disease activity and vascular endothelial growth factor in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 38(4):654\u2013661","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"issue":"11","key":"6387_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70191","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.70191","volume":"7","author":"M Torabizadeh","year":"2024","unstructured":"Torabizadeh M, Aghaei M, Saki N, Vahid MA, Bitaraf S, Bandar B (2024) The association of nasal and blood eosinophils with serum IgE level in allergic rhinitis and asthma: A Case-Control study. Health Sci Rep 7(11):e70191","journal-title":"Health Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"6387_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2008.01.006","volume":"127","author":"M Seki","year":"2008","unstructured":"Seki M, Oomizu S, Sakata KM, Sakata A, Arikawa T, Watanabe K et al (2008) Galectin-9 suppresses the generation of Th17, promotes the induction of regulatory T cells, and regulates experimental autoimmune arthritis. Clin Immunol (Orlando Fla) 127(1):78\u201388","journal-title":"Clin Immunol (Orlando Fla)"},{"issue":"14","key":"6387_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4257","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.53686","volume":"12","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Xue S, Hao Q, Liu F, Huang W, Wang J (2021) Galectin-9 and PSMB8 overexpression predict unfavorable prognosis in patients with AML. J Cancer 12(14):4257\u20134263","journal-title":"J Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"6387_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3288","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-05771-8","volume":"9","author":"A Cao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cao A, Alluqmani N, Buhari FHM, Wasim L, Smith LK, Quaile AT et al (2018) Galectin-9 binds IgM-BCR to regulate B cell signaling. Nat Commun 9(1):3288","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"6387_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2017.5689","volume":"38","author":"E Akashi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Akashi E, Fujihara S, Morishita A, Tadokoro T, Chiyo T, Fujikawa K et al (2017) Effects of galectin-9 on apoptosis, cell cycle and autophagy in human esophageal adenocarcinoma cells. Oncol Rep 38(1):506\u2013514","journal-title":"Oncol Rep"},{"key":"6387_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morishita A, Oura K, Tadokoro T, Shi T, Fujita K, Tani J et al (2023) Galectin-9 in gastroenterological Cancer. Int J Mol Sci.;24(7)","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24076174"},{"key":"6387_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fujita K, Iwama H, Oura K, Tadokoro T, Samukawa E, Sakamoto T et al (2017) Cancer therapy due to apoptosis: Galectin-9. Int J Mol Sci.;18(1)","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18010074"},{"key":"6387_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107933","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2021.107933","volume":"99","author":"L Zhao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhao L, Cheng S, Fan L, Zhang B, Xu S (2021) TIM-3: an update on immunotherapy. Int Immunopharmacol 99:107933","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"issue":"9","key":"6387_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70083","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.70083","volume":"7","author":"E Torfi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Torfi E, Bahreiny SS, Saki N, Khademi R, Sarbazjoda E, Nezhad IA et al (2024) Evaluation of Pro-BNP biomarker in heart failure patients and its relationship with complete blood count parameters: A case\u2013control study. Health Sci Rep 7(9):e70083","journal-title":"Health Sci Rep"},{"key":"6387_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Compagno D, Tiraboschi C, Garcia JD, Rond\u00f3n Y, Corapi E, Velazquez C et al (2020) Galectins as checkpoints of the immune system in cancers, their clinical relevance, and implication in clinical trials. Biomolecules.;10(5)","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10050750"},{"issue":"1","key":"6387_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21099-2","volume":"12","author":"R Yang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yang R, Sun L, Li C-F, Wang Y-H, Yao J, Li H et al (2021) Galectin-9 interacts with PD-1 and TIM-3 to regulate T cell death and is a target for cancer immunotherapy. Nat Commun 12(1):832","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"6387_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bojarska-Junak A, Kowalska W, Chocholska S, Szyma\u0144ska A, Tomczak W, Zarobkiewicz MK et al (2023) Prognostic potential of Galectin-9 mRNA expression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Cancers (Basel).;15(22)","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15225370"},{"issue":"7","key":"6387_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1038\/s41389-020-00248-0","volume":"9","author":"C-x Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang C-x, Huang D-j, Baloche V, Zhang L, Xu J-x, Li B-w et al (2020) Galectin-9 promotes a suppressive microenvironment in human cancer by enhancing STING degradation. Oncogenesis 9(7):65","journal-title":"Oncogenesis"},{"key":"6387_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbior.2018.09.003","volume":"71","author":"PP Ruvolo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ruvolo PP (2019) Galectins as regulators of cell survival in the leukemia niche. Adv Biol Regul 71:41\u201354","journal-title":"Adv Biol Regul"},{"issue":"4","key":"6387_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2010.25","volume":"24","author":"T Kobayashi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kobayashi T, Kuroda J, Ashihara E, Oomizu S, Terui Y, Taniyama A et al (2010) Galectin-9 exhibits anti-myeloma activity through JNK and p38 MAP kinase pathways. Leukemia 24(4):843\u2013850","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"issue":"12","key":"6387_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1271","volume":"6","author":"C Zhu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zhu C, Anderson AC, Schubart A, Xiong H, Imitola J, Khoury SJ et al (2005) The Tim-3 ligand galectin-9 negatively regulates T helper type 1 immunity. Nat Immunol 6(12):1245\u20131252","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"issue":"51","key":"6387_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88904","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.21492","volume":"8","author":"T Asayama","year":"2017","unstructured":"Asayama T, Tamura H, Ishibashi M, Kuribayashi-Hamada Y, Onodera-Kondo A, Okuyama N et al (2017) Functional expression of Tim-3 on blasts and clinical impact of its ligand galectin-9 in myelodysplastic syndromes. Oncotarget 8(51):88904\u201388917","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"3","key":"6387_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2015.07.011","volume":"17","author":"Y Kikushige","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kikushige Y, Miyamoto T, Yuda J, Jabbarzadeh-Tabrizi S, Shima T, Takayanagi S-i et al (2015) A TIM-3\/Gal-9 autocrine stimulatory loop drives Self-Renewal of human myeloid leukemia stem cells and leukemic progression. Cell Stem Cell 17(3):341\u2013352","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"6387_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01594","volume":"10","author":"IM Yasinska","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yasinska IM, Sakhnevych SS, Pavlova L, Teo Hansen Seln\u00f8 A, Teuscher Abeleira AM, Benlaouer O et al (2019) The Tim-3-Galectin-9 pathway and its regulatory mechanisms in human breast Cancer. Front Immunol 10:1594","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"6387_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1186\/s12935-020-01380-y","volume":"20","author":"L Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang L, Tian S, Zhao M, Yang T, Quan S, Yang Q et al (2020) SUV39H1-DNMT3A-mediated epigenetic regulation of Tim-3 and galectin-9 in the cervical cancer. Cancer Cell Int 20:325","journal-title":"Cancer Cell Int"},{"issue":"15","key":"6387_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3102","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-020-1186-7","volume":"39","author":"AM Seifert","year":"2020","unstructured":"Seifert AM, Reiche C, Heiduk M, Tannert A, Meinecke AC, Baier S et al (2020) Detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with galectin-9 serum levels. Oncogene 39(15):3102\u20133113","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"issue":"5","key":"6387_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4326","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.29309","volume":"235","author":"F Yuan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yuan F, Ming H, Wang Y, Yang Y, Yi L, Li T et al (2020) Molecular and clinical characterization of Galectin-9 in glioma through 1,027 samples. J Cell Physiol 235(5):4326\u20134334","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"6387_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2019.09.004","volume":"96","author":"R Nakajima","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nakajima R, Miyagaki T, Kamijo H, Oka T, Shishido-Takahashi N, Suga H et al (2019) Possible therapeutic applicability of galectin-9 in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. J Dermatol Sci 96(3):134\u2013142","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"6387_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e21556","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202100013R","volume":"35","author":"N Pang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pang N, Alimu X, Chen R, Muhashi M, Ma J, Chen G et al (2021) Activated Galectin-9\/Tim3 promotes Treg and suppresses Th1 effector function in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. FASEB Journal: Official Publication Federation Am Soc Experimental Biology 35(7):e21556","journal-title":"FASEB Journal: Official Publication Federation Am Soc Experimental Biology"},{"key":"6387_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2018.06.033","volume":"56","author":"B Long","year":"2018","unstructured":"Long B, Yu Z, Zhou H, Ma Z, Ren Y, Zhan H et al (2018) Clinical characteristics and prognostic significance of galectins for patients with gastric cancer: A meta-analysis. Int J Surg (London England) 56:242\u2013249","journal-title":"Int J Surg (London England)"},{"key":"6387_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.00342","volume":"10","author":"SS Sakhnevych","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sakhnevych SS, Yasinska IM, Fasler-Kan E, Sumbayev VV (2019) Mitochondrial defunctionalization supresses Tim-3-Galectin-9 secretory pathway in human colorectal cancer cells and thus can possibly affect tumor immune escape. Front Pharmacol 10:342","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"6387_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chiyo T, Fujita K, Iwama H, Fujihara S, Tadokoro T, Ohura K et al (2019) Galectin-9 induces Mitochondria-Mediated apoptosis of esophageal Cancer in vitro and in vivo in a xenograft mouse model. Int J Mol Sci.;20(11)","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20112634"},{"issue":"1","key":"6387_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-019-0752-8","volume":"11","author":"TAW Holderried","year":"2019","unstructured":"Holderried TAW, de Vos L, Bawden EG, Vogt TJ, Dietrich J, Zarbl R et al (2019) Molecular and immune correlates of TIM-3 (HAVCR2) and galectin 9 (LGALS9) mRNA expression and DNA methylation in melanoma. Clin Epigenetics 11(1):161","journal-title":"Clin Epigenetics"},{"issue":"1","key":"6387_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-017-0670-6","volume":"37","author":"S Chen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chen S, Pu J, Bai J, Yin Y, Wu K, Wang J et al (2018) EZH2 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression through modulating miR-22\/galectin-9 axis. J Experimental Clin cancer Research: CR 37(1):3","journal-title":"J Experimental Clin cancer Research: CR"},{"key":"6387_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2019.08.014","volume":"136","author":"Y He","year":"2019","unstructured":"He Y, Jia K, Dziadziuszko R, Zhao S, Zhang X, Deng J et al (2019) Galectin-9 in non-small cell lung cancer. Lung cancer (Amsterdam Netherlands) 136:80\u201385","journal-title":"Lung cancer (Amsterdam Netherlands)"},{"key":"6387_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2017.07.018","volume":"22","author":"I Gon\u00e7alves Silva","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gon\u00e7alves Silva I, Yasinska IM, Sakhnevych SS, Fiedler W, Wellbrock J, Bardelli M et al (2017) The Tim-3-galectin-9 secretory pathway is involved in the immune escape of human acute myeloid leukemia cells. EBioMedicine 22:44\u201357","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"6387_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kocibalova Z, Guzyova M, Borovska I, Messingerova L, Copakova L, Sulova Z et al (2021) Development of multidrug resistance in acute myeloid leukemia is associated with alterations of the LPHN1\/GAL-9\/TIM-3 signaling pathway. Cancers (Basel).;13(14)","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13143629"},{"issue":"1","key":"6387_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-023-01515-w","volume":"9","author":"G Choukrani","year":"2023","unstructured":"Choukrani G, Visser N, Ustyanovska Avtenyuk N, Olthuis M, Marsman G, Ammatuna E et al (2023) Galectin-9 has non-apoptotic cytotoxic activity toward acute myeloid leukemia independent of cytarabine resistance. Cell Death Discovery 9(1):228","journal-title":"Cell Death Discovery"},{"issue":"1","key":"6387_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-024-11898-3","volume":"24","author":"H Shapourian","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shapourian H, Ghanadian M, Eskandari N, Shokouhi A, Demirel GY, Bazhin AV et al (2024) TIM-3\/Galectin-9 interaction and glutamine metabolism in AML cell lines, HL-60 and THP-1. BMC Cancer 24(1):125","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"6387_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107753","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2020.107753","volume":"221","author":"Y Xiao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xiao Y, Yu D (2021) Tumor microenvironment as a therapeutic target in cancer. Pharmacol Ther 221:107753","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"6387_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1002\/path.5093","volume":"245","author":"EAL Enninga","year":"2018","unstructured":"Enninga EAL, Chatzopoulos K, Butterfield JT, Sutor SL, Leontovich AA, Nevala WK et al (2018) CD206-positive myeloid cells bind galectin-9 and promote a tumor-supportive microenvironment. J Pathol 245(4):468\u2013477","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"issue":"10","key":"6387_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2053","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2022008405","volume":"7","author":"T Sakoda","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sakoda T, Kikushige Y, Miyamoto T, Irifune H, Harada T, Hatakeyama K et al (2023) TIM-3 signaling hijacks the canonical Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin pathway to maintain cancer stemness in acute myeloid leukemia. Blood Adv 7(10):2053\u20132065","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"key":"6387_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gruszka AM, Valli D, Alcalay M (2019) Wnt signalling in acute myeloid leukaemia. Cells.;8(11)","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8111403"},{"key":"6387_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L\u00e1inez-Gonz\u00e1lez D, Alonso-Aguado AB, Alonso-Dominguez JM (2023) Understanding the Wnt signaling pathway in acute myeloid leukemia stem cells: A feasible key against relapses. Biology (Basel).;12(5)","DOI":"10.3390\/biology12050683"},{"issue":"4","key":"6387_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1002\/JLB.2MR0420-707R","volume":"108","author":"SC Soares-Lima","year":"2020","unstructured":"Soares-Lima SC, Pombo-de-Oliveira MS, Carneiro FRG (2020) The multiple ways Wnt signaling contributes to acute leukemia pathogenesis. J Leukoc Biol 108(4):1081\u20131099","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"6387_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Su H, Wang M, Pang X, Guan F, Li X, Cheng Y (2021) When glycosylation meets blood cells: a glance of the aberrant glycosylation in hematological malignancies. Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology.:85\u2013117","DOI":"10.1007\/112_2021_60"},{"key":"6387_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"896426","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.896426","volume":"12","author":"J Niu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Niu J, Peng D, Liu L (2022) Drug resistance mechanisms of acute myeloid leukemia stem cells. Front Oncol 12:896426","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"6387_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621214","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.621214","volume":"9","author":"Y Man","year":"2021","unstructured":"Man Y, Yao X, Yang T, Wang Y (2021) Hematopoietic stem cell niche during homeostasis, malignancy, and bone marrow transplantation. Front Cell Dev Biology 9:621214","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biology"},{"issue":"12","key":"6387_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6639","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25126639","volume":"25","author":"H-S Choi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Choi H-S, Kim BS, Yoon S, Oh S-O, Lee D (2024) Leukemic stem cells and hematological malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 25(12):6639","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"6387_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118005","volume":"256","author":"N Khosravi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Khosravi N, Mokhtarzadeh A, Baghbanzadeh A, Hajiasgharzadeh K, Shahgoli VK, Hemmat N et al (2020) Immune checkpoints in tumor microenvironment and their relevance to the development of cancer stem cells. Life Sci 256:118005","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"issue":"13","key":"6387_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6837","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25136837","volume":"25","author":"M Kwon","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kwon M, Kim BS, Yoon S, Oh S-O, Lee D (2024) Hematopoietic stem cells and their niche in bone marrow. Int J Mol Sci 25(13):6837","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"6387_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14061459","volume":"14","author":"D L\u00e1inez-Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2022","unstructured":"L\u00e1inez-Gonz\u00e1lez D, Serrano-L\u00f3pez J, Alonso-Dominguez JM (2022) Understanding the Notch signaling pathway in acute myeloid leukemia stem cells: from hematopoiesis to neoplasia. Cancers 14(6):1459","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"issue":"3","key":"6387_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-19-2479","volume":"26","author":"M Bill","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bill M, Pathmanathan A, Karunasiri M, Shen C, Burke MH, Ranganathan P et al (2020) EGFL7 antagonizes NOTCH signaling and represents a novel therapeutic target in acute myeloid leukemia. Clin Cancer Res 26(3):669\u2013678","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"24","key":"6387_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15554","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232415554","volume":"23","author":"LS Lau","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lau LS, Mohammed NB, Dimitroff CJ (2022) Decoding strategies to evade immunoregulators Galectin-1,-3, and-9 and their ligands as novel therapeutics in cancer immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 23(24):15554","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"6387_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1007\/s12038-016-9616-y","volume":"41","author":"S John","year":"2016","unstructured":"John S, Mishra R (2016) Galectin-9: from cell biology to complex disease dynamics. J Biosci 41:507\u2013534","journal-title":"J Biosci"},{"issue":"6","key":"6387_CR78","first-page":"136","volume":"5","author":"MM Abdelfattah","year":"2021","unstructured":"Abdelfattah MM, Assem MM, El Leithy AA, Mahmoud R, Allam NM, Helwa R (2021) Galectins in acute myeloid leukemia: gene expression profiling with clinical emphasis. Age (years) 5(6):136","journal-title":"Age (years)"},{"key":"6387_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morishita A, Nomura K, Tani J, Fujita K, Iwama H, Takuma K et al (2021) Galectin\u20139 suppresses the tumor growth of colon cancer in vitro and in vivo. Oncol Rep.;45(6)","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2021.8056"},{"issue":"1","key":"6387_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-024-10200-9","volume":"52","author":"L Rajabi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Rajabi L, Ebrahimdoost M, Mohammadi SA, Soleimani Samarkhazan H, Khamisipour G, Aghaei M (2025) Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Moringa oleifera leaves induce selective cytotoxicity in Raji and Jurkat cell lines by activating the P21 pathway independent of P53. Mol Biol Rep 52(1):102","journal-title":"Mol Biol Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"6387_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2012.1125","volume":"7","author":"K Lv","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lv K, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Zhong M, Suo Q (2013) Galectin-9 promotes TGF-\u03b21-dependent induction of regulatory T cells via the TGF-\u03b2\/Smad signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 7(1):205\u2013210","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"key":"6387_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li Z-H, Wang L-L, Liu H, Muyayalo KP, Huang X-B, Mor G et al (2019) Galectin-9 alleviates LPS-Induced Preeclampsia-Like impairment in rats via switching decidual macrophage polarization to M2 subtype. Front Immunol.;9","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.03142"},{"key":"6387_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580557","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.580557","volume":"11","author":"IM Yasinska","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yasinska IM, Meyer NH, Schlichtner S, Hussain R, Siligardi G, Casely-Hayford M et al (2020) Ligand-Receptor interactions of Galectin-9 and VISTA suppress human T lymphocyte cytotoxic activity. Front Immunol 11:580557","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6387_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-024-09563-w","volume":"51","author":"C Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m","year":"2024","unstructured":"Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m C (2024) Galectin-9, a pro-survival factor inducing immunosuppression, leukemic cell transformation and expansion. Mol Biol Rep 51(1):571","journal-title":"Mol Biol Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"6387_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-019-0611-3","volume":"7","author":"P Dama","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dama P, Tang M, Fulton N, Kline J, Liu H (2019) Gal9\/Tim-3 expression level is higher in AML patients who fail chemotherapy. J Immunother Cancer 7(1):175","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"issue":"8","key":"6387_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70008","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.70008","volume":"7","author":"M Aghaei","year":"2024","unstructured":"Aghaei M, Khademi R, Bahreiny SS, Saki N (2024) The need to Establish and recognize the field of clinical laboratory science (CLS) as an essential field in advancing clinical goals. Health Sci Rep 7(8):e70008","journal-title":"Health Sci Rep"},{"key":"6387_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4400","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2021-154404","volume":"138","author":"M Lee","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lee M, Filipovic A, Henry CJ (2021) Combinatorial Inhibition of Galectin-9 and CHK1 represent a novel treatment strategy for T-Cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 138:4400","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"6387_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shil RK, Mohammed NBB, Dimitroff CJ (2024) Galectin-9\u2013 ligand axis: an emerging therapeutic target for multiple myeloma. Front Immunol.;15","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1469794"},{"key":"6387_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nasri F, Sadeghi F, Behranvand N, Samei A, Bolouri MR, Azari T et al (2020) Oridonin could inhibit inflammation and T-cell Immunoglobulin and Mucin-3\/Galectin-9 (TIM-3\/Gal-9) autocrine loop in the acute myeloid leukemia cell line (U937) as compared to doxorubicin. Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol","DOI":"10.18502\/ijaai.v19i6.4929"},{"issue":"1","key":"6387_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-023-01282-2","volume":"21","author":"M Bakhtiyari","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bakhtiyari M, Liaghat M, Aziziyan F, Shapourian H, Yahyazadeh S, Alipour M et al (2023) The role of bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) cells in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) progression: immune checkpoints, metabolic checkpoints, and signaling pathways. Cell Communication Signal 21(1):252","journal-title":"Cell Communication Signal"},{"issue":"4","key":"6387_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101821","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbc.2022.101821","volume":"298","author":"R Yang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yang R, Sun L, Li CF, Wang YH, Xia W, Liu B et al (2022) Development and characterization of anti-galectin-9 antibodies that protect T cells from galectin-9-induced cell death. J Biol Chem 298(4):101821","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"6387_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Okoye I, Xu L, Motamedi M, Parashar P, Walker JW, Elahi S (2020) Galectin-9 expression defines exhausted T cells and impaired cytotoxic NK cells in patients with virus-associated solid tumors. J Immunother Cancer.;8(2)","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2020-001849"},{"issue":"6","key":"6387_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13061203","volume":"13","author":"J Swatler","year":"2021","unstructured":"Swatler J, Turos-Korgul L, Kozlowska E, Piwocka K (2021) Immunosuppressive cell subsets and factors in myeloid leukemias. Cancers 13(6):1203","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"issue":"14","key":"6387_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4644","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.84108","volume":"19","author":"X Sun","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sun X, Wang WJ, Lang J, Yang R, Shen WJ, Sun L et al (2023) Inhibition of Galectin-9 sensitizes tumors to anthracycline treatment via inducing antitumor immunity. Int J Biol Sci 19(14):4644\u20134656","journal-title":"Int J Biol Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"6387_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.21873\/anticanres.13960","volume":"40","author":"JM Byun","year":"2020","unstructured":"Byun JM, Lee J-O, Suh KJ, Lee J, Shin D-Y, Koh Y et al (2020) The role of anthracyclines in acute myeloid leukemia consolidation. Anticancer Res 40(1):357\u2013366","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"6387_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1332205","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2023.1332205","volume":"11","author":"M Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang M, Liu C, Li Y, Li H, Zhang W, Liu J et al (2024) Galectin-9 in cancer therapy: from immune checkpoint ligand to promising therapeutic target. Front Cell Dev Biology 11:1332205","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biology"},{"key":"6387_CR97","unstructured":"Smith J (2022) The role of galectins in differentiation of acute myeloid leukemia cells. The University of Western Ontario (Canada)"},{"issue":"13","key":"6387_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2788","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10132788","volume":"10","author":"S Kapor","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kapor S, Santibanez JF (2021) Myeloid-derived suppressor cells and mesenchymal stem\/stromal cells in myeloid malignancies. J Clin Med 10(13):2788","journal-title":"J Clin Med"}],"container-title":["Annals of Hematology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00277-025-06387-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00277-025-06387-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00277-025-06387-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]],"date-time":"2025-09-06T14:24:34Z","timestamp":1757168674000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00277-025-06387-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]]},"references-count":98,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["6387"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00277-025-06387-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0939-5555","1432-0584"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0939-5555","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0584","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 May 2025","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}