{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T03:13:34Z","timestamp":1792293214426,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769472000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769472000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Hematol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-026-06790-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T07:04:35Z","timestamp":1769497475000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Global, regional, and national patterns of change in the burden of Hodgkin lymphoma from 1990 to 2021: an analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021 and projections to 2035"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Hongjiang","family":"Pu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuqin","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"6790_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2016.185","volume":"7","author":"J Gopas","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gopas J et al (2016) Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma present features of cellular senescence. Cell Death Dis 7(11):e2457","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"6790_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-022-01281-9","volume":"15","author":"J Huang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huang J et al (2022) Incidence, mortality, risk factors, and trends for Hodgkin lymphoma: a global data analysis. J Hematol Oncol 15(1):57","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"6790_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.25856","volume":"95","author":"SM Ansell","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ansell SM (2020) Hodgkin lymphoma: a 2020 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management. Am J Hematol 95(8):978\u2013989","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"issue":"7","key":"6790_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-021-00518-z","volume":"11","author":"R Mohty","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mohty R et al (2021) Latest advances in the management of classical Hodgkin lymphoma: the era of novel therapies. Blood Cancer J 11(7):126","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J"},{"issue":"1","key":"6790_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-019-0799-1","volume":"12","author":"L Zhou","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhou L et al (2019) Global, regional, and national burden of Hodgkin lymphoma from 1990 to 2017: estimates from the 2017 Global Burden of Disease study. J Hematol Oncol 12(1):107","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6790_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2015.61.9189","volume":"34","author":"E Cazap","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cazap E et al (2016) Structural barriers to diagnosis and treatment of cancer in low- and middle-income countries: the urgent need for scaling up. J Clin Oncol 34(1):14\u201319","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"6790_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2012.3","volume":"106","author":"BL Frederiksen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Frederiksen BL et al (2012) Socioeconomic position, treatment, and survival of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in Denmark\u2013a nationwide study. Br J Cancer 106(5):988\u2013995","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"12","key":"6790_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1941","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33948","volume":"150","author":"D Singh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Singh D et al (2022) Global patterns of Hodgkin lymphoma incidence and mortality in 2020 and a prediction of the future burden in 2040. Int J Cancer 150(12):1941\u20131947","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"10009","key":"6790_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2145","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)61340-X","volume":"386","author":"CJ Murray","year":"2015","unstructured":"Murray CJ et al (2015) Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 306 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 188 countries, 1990\u20132013: quantifying the epidemiological transition. Lancet 386(10009):2145\u20132191","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"12","key":"6790_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3070","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdt413","volume":"24","author":"B Klimm","year":"2013","unstructured":"Klimm B et al (2013) Impact of risk factors on outcomes in early-stage Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma: an analysis of international staging definitions. Ann Oncol 24(12):3070\u20133076","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6790_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-022-14274-7","volume":"22","author":"H Pan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pan H et al (2022) The global, regional, and national early-onset colorectal cancer burden and trends from 1990 to 2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. BMC Public Health 22(1):1896","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"6790_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2024.103674","volume":"23","author":"SY Guan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Guan SY et al (2024) Global burden due to modifiable risk factors for autoimmune diseases, 1990\u20132021: temporal trends and socio-demographic inequalities. Autoimmun Rev 23(12):103674","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"issue":"29","key":"6790_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3670","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3733","volume":"28","author":"LX Clegg","year":"2009","unstructured":"Clegg LX et al (2009) Estimating average annual per cent change in trend analysis. Stat Med 28(29):3670\u20133682","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"issue":"15","key":"6790_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1679","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2017-09-772640","volume":"131","author":"SH Lim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lim SH, Johnson PWM (2018) Optimizing therapy in advanced-stage Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood 131(15):1679\u20131688","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"5","key":"6790_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.25071","volume":"93","author":"SM Ansell","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ansell SM (2018) Hodgkin lymphoma: 2018 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management. Am J Hematol 93(5):704\u2013715","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"issue":"13","key":"6790_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3116","DOI":"10.1080\/10428194.2019.1613538","volume":"60","author":"R P\u00e1lmarsd\u00f3ttir","year":"2019","unstructured":"P\u00e1lmarsd\u00f3ttir R et al (2019) Socioeconomic impact of Hodgkin lymphoma in adult patients: a systematic literature review. Leuk Lymphoma 60(13):3116\u20133131","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma"},{"issue":"2","key":"6790_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prro.2014.05.003","volume":"5","author":"DC Hodgson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hodgson DC et al (2015) Implementation of contemporary radiation therapy planning concepts for pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma: guidelines from the International Lymphoma Radiation Oncology Group. Pract Radiat Oncol 5(2):85\u201392","journal-title":"Pract Radiat Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6790_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-20133-6","volume":"8","author":"A Campos","year":"2018","unstructured":"Campos A et al (2018) Frequency of EBV associated classical Hodgkin lymphoma decreases over a 54-year period in a Brazilian population. Sci Rep 8(1):1849","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"6790_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.32584","volume":"126","author":"G Goyal","year":"2020","unstructured":"Goyal G et al (2020) Association between facility volume and mortality of patients with classic Hodgkin lymphoma. Cancer 126(4):757\u2013764","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"6790_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4084\/MJHID.2024.078","volume":"16","author":"ML Moleti","year":"2024","unstructured":"Moleti ML et al (2024) Pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). A narrative review. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 16(1):e2024078","journal-title":"Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"6790_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1002\/jha2.804","volume":"4","author":"I Biasoli","year":"2023","unstructured":"Biasoli I et al (2023) Treatment outcomes in classic Hodgkin lymphoma: 5-year update from the Brazilian Hodgkin Lymphoma Registry. EJHaem 4(4):1191\u20131195","journal-title":"EJHaem"},{"issue":"1","key":"6790_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-017-0543-9","volume":"16","author":"T Zhang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhang T et al (2017) Inequality in the distribution of health resources and health services in China: hospitals versus primary care institutions. Int J Equity Health 16(1):42","journal-title":"Int J Equity Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"6790_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2011.02.010","volume":"25","author":"N Crisp","year":"2011","unstructured":"Crisp N (2011) Global health capacity and workforce development: turning the world upside down. Infect Dis Clin North Am 25(2):359\u2013367","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin North Am"},{"issue":"8","key":"6790_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2010.1055","volume":"30","author":"SE Abiola","year":"2011","unstructured":"Abiola SE et al (2011) Survey in sub-Saharan Africa shows substantial support for government efforts to improve health services. Health Aff Millwood 30(8):1478\u20131487","journal-title":"Health Aff Millwood"},{"key":"6790_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2012.00268","volume":"3","author":"MT Dorak","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dorak MT, Karpuzoglu E (2012) Gender differences in cancer susceptibility: an inadequately addressed issue. Front Genet 3:268","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"issue":"12","key":"6790_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3760","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.96413","volume":"15","author":"Z Tan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tan Z et al (2024) Socioeconomic status, individual behaviors and risk for lymphomas: a Mendelian randomization study. J Cancer 15(12):3760\u20133765","journal-title":"J Cancer"},{"issue":"11","key":"6790_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2017-0541","volume":"23","author":"Y Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li Y et al (2018) Long-term survival rates of patients with stage III-IV Hodgkin lymphoma according to age, sex, race, and socioeconomic status, 1984\u20132013. Oncologist 23(11):1328\u20131336","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"issue":"4","key":"6790_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminhematol.2024.05.004","volume":"61","author":"M McKenna","year":"2024","unstructured":"McKenna M et al (2024) The management of older patients with Hodgkin lymphoma: implications of S1826. Semin Hematol 61(4):236\u2013244","journal-title":"Semin Hematol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6790_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-017-2560-x","volume":"144","author":"A Jacob","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jacob A et al (2018) Cardiovascular effects of Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma: a review of literature. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 144(1):99\u2013107","journal-title":"J Cancer Res Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"24","key":"6790_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4613","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.33868","volume":"127","author":"JM Kahn","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kahn JM et al (2021) Initial cancer treatment and survival in children, adolescents, and young adults with Hodgkin lymphoma: a population-based study. Cancer 127(24):4613\u20134619","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"9","key":"6790_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.2174\/18715206113136660346","volume":"13","author":"MR Pinzone","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pinzone MR et al (2013) The complexity of aging: cancer risk among elderly people and infectious risk among those with cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 13(9):1444\u20131448","journal-title":"Anticancer Agents Med Chem"},{"issue":"7","key":"6790_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-035635","volume":"10","author":"E Dong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dong E et al (2020) Differences in regional distribution and inequality in health-resource allocation at hospital and primary health centre levels: a longitudinal study in Shanghai, China. BMJ Open 10(7):e035635","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"6790_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7189\/jogh.14.04144","volume":"14","author":"J Zhu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhu J et al (2024) Impact of population ageing on cancer-related disability-adjusted life years: a global decomposition analysis. J Glob Health 14:04144","journal-title":"J Glob Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"6790_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2014.0798","volume":"34","author":"AS Deaton","year":"2015","unstructured":"Deaton AS, Tortora R (2015) People in sub-Saharan Africa rate their health and health care among the lowest in the world. Health Aff (Millwood) 34(3):519\u2013527","journal-title":"Health Aff (Millwood)"},{"key":"6790_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1478-4505-12-39","volume":"12","author":"J Xue","year":"2014","unstructured":"Xue J et al (2014) Goal setting and knowledge generation through health policy and systems research in low- and middle-income countries. Health Res Policy Syst 12:39","journal-title":"Health Res Policy Syst"},{"issue":"Suppl_1","key":"6790_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i24","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckaa033","volume":"30","author":"T Buzeti","year":"2020","unstructured":"Buzeti T et al (2020) Leaving no one behind: health equity as a catalyst for the sustainable development goals. Eur J Public Health 30(Suppl_1):i24\u2013i27","journal-title":"Eur J Public Health"}],"container-title":["Annals of Hematology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00277-026-06790-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00277-026-06790-y","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00277-026-06790-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T02:01:53Z","timestamp":1779847313000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00277-026-06790-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["6790"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00277-026-06790-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-0584"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-0584","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 August 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 November 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 January 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"A secondary evaluation of the publicly accessible GBD Study dataset was conducted, without primary data collection. Thus, no ethics approval was needed.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"63"}}