{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T19:53:25Z","timestamp":1781639605336,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772409600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004823","name":"Nagoya University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004823","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Hematol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is one of the serious complications following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) that leads to non-relapse mortality. Although several biomarkers for acute GVHD have been proposed, no definitive predictive markers are clinically available. Recent studies have shown that a specific subset of peripheral blood monocytes expresses CD56 (neural cell adhesion molecule [NCAM]), particularly under inflammatory conditions; however, their role in allogeneic HSCT remains unclear. Single-cell RNA sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with acute GVHD identified a unique monocyte subset characterized by an NCAM signature. Prospective multicolor flow cytometry analysis of peripheral blood samples revealed a transient increase in CD56\u207a monocytes at the time of neutrophil engraftment. Gene set enrichment analysis demonstrated pro-inflammatory transcriptome signatures of the CD56\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    monocyte fraction. Notably, a reduced frequency of CD56\u207a monocytes was significantly associated with a lower incidence of acute GVHD, suggesting their potential as novel predictive cellular biomarkers of acute GVHD.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-026-06897-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T04:53:13Z","timestamp":1772427193000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Percentage of CD56+ monocytes at neutrophil engraftment is associated with the incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Ken","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7553-167X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takahiko","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuichi","family":"Ishikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Okuhiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Sugiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"He","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sachiko","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuichiro","family":"Inagaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kotaro","family":"Miyao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masashi","family":"Sawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takanobu","family":"Morishita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatsunori","family":"Goto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuya","family":"Nishida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobuaki","family":"Fukushima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazutaka","family":"Ozeki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryo","family":"Hanajiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seitaro","family":"Terakura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyoshi","family":"Nishikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hitoshi","family":"Kiyoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"6897_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00673","volume":"11","author":"D Adom","year":"2020","unstructured":"Adom D, Rowan C, Adeniyan T, Yang J, Paczesny S (2020) Biomarkers for allogeneic HCT outcomes. Front Immunol 11:673. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00673","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"6897_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1854","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01854","volume":"11","author":"S Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen S, Zeiser R (2020) Novel biomarkers for outcome after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Front Immunol 11:1854. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01854","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"6897_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.27593","volume":"100","author":"AK Mehta","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mehta AK, Koreth J (2025) Toward improving initial therapy of acute graft versus host disease. Am J Hematol 100:40\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajh.27593","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"6897_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e21","DOI":"10.1016\/s2352-3026(14)00035-0","volume":"2","author":"JE Levine","year":"2015","unstructured":"Levine JE, Braun TM, Harris AC, Holler E, Taylor A, Miller H et al (2015) A prognostic score for acute graft-versus-host disease based on biomarkers: a multicentre study. Lancet Haematol 2:e21\u2013e29. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s2352-3026(14)00035-0","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol"},{"key":"6897_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4763","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2022007477","volume":"6","author":"M Robin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Robin M, Porcher R, Michonneau D, Taurines L, Sicre de Fontbrune F, Xhaard A et al (2022) Prospective external validation of biomarkers to predict acute graft-versus-host disease severity. Blood Adv 6:4763\u20134772. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/bloodadvances.2022007477","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"key":"6897_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2010.02.026","volume":"16","author":"JM Magenau","year":"2010","unstructured":"Magenau JM, Qin X, Tawara I, Rogers CE, Kitko C, Schlough M et al (2010) Frequency of CD4+CD25hiFOXP3+ regulatory T cells has diagnostic and prognostic value as a biomarker for acute graft-versus-host-disease. Biol Blood Marrow Transpl 16:907\u2013914. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbmt.2010.02.026","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transpl"},{"key":"6897_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-03-415422","volume":"120","author":"YB Chen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chen YB, McDonough S, Hasserjian R, Chen H, Coughlin E, Illiano C et al (2012) Expression of CD30 in patients with acute graft-versus-host disease. Blood 120:691\u2013696. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2012-03-415422","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"6897_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1213299","volume":"369","author":"MT Vander Lugt","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vander Lugt MT, Braun TM, Hanash S, Ritz J, Ho VT, Antin JH et al (2013) ST2 as a marker for risk of therapy-resistant graft-versus-host disease and death. N Engl J Med 369:529\u2013539. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1213299","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"6897_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e89798","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.89798","volume":"2","author":"MJ Hartwell","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hartwell MJ, \u00d6zbek U, Holler E, Renteria AS, Major-Monfried H, Reddy P et al (2017) An early-biomarker algorithm predicts lethal graft-versus-host disease and survival. JCI Insight 2:e89798. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/jci.insight.89798","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"6897_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00892","volume":"8","author":"HH Van Acker","year":"2017","unstructured":"Van Acker HH, Capsomidis A, Smits EL, Van Tendeloo VF (2017) CD56 in the immune system: more than a marker for cytotoxicity? Front Immunol 8:892. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00892","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"6897_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-197410000-00001","volume":"18","author":"H Glucksberg","year":"1974","unstructured":"Glucksberg H, Storb R, Fefer A, Buckner CD, Neiman PE, Clift RA et al (1974) Clinical manifestations of graft-versus-host disease in human recipients of marrow from HL-A-matched sibling donors. Transplantation 18:295\u2013304. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00007890-197410000-00001","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"6897_CR12","unstructured":"Przepiorka D, Weisdorf D, Martin P, Klingemann HG, Beatty P, Hows J, Thomas ED (1995) 1994 Consensus Conference on acute GVHD grading. Bone Marrow Transplant 15:825\u2013828"},{"key":"6897_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e178146","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.178146","volume":"10","author":"T Sato","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sato T, Sugiyama D, Koseki J, Kojima Y, Hattori S, Sone K et al (2025) Sustained Inhibition of CSF1R signaling augments antitumor immunity through inhibiting tumor-associated macrophages. JCI Insight 10:e178146. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/jci.insight.178146","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"6897_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2024.111416","volume":"27","author":"JA Mathews","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mathews JA, Borovsky DT, Reid KT, Murphy JM, Colpitts SJ, Carreira AS et al (2024) Single cell profiling of hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients reveals TGF-\u03b21 and IL-2 confer immunoregulatory functions to NK cells. iScience 27:111416. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isci.2024.111416","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"6897_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cels.2018.11.005","volume":"8","author":"SL Wolock","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wolock SL, Lopez R, Klein AM (2019) Scrublet: computational identification of cell doublets in single-cell transcriptomic data. Cell Syst 8:281\u2013291e9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cels.2018.11.005","journal-title":"Cell Syst"},{"key":"6897_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0619-0","volume":"16","author":"I Korsunsky","year":"2019","unstructured":"Korsunsky I, Millard N, Fan J, Slowikowski K, Zhang F, Wei K et al (2019) Fast, sensitive and accurate integration of single-cell data with Harmony. Nat Methods 16:1289\u20131296. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41592-019-0619-0","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"key":"6897_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5233","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-41695-z","volume":"9","author":"VA Traag","year":"2019","unstructured":"Traag VA, Waltman L, van Eck NJ (2019) From Louvain to leiden: guaranteeing well-connected communities. Sci Rep 9:5233. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-019-41695-z","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"6897_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"btac757","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btac757","volume":"39","author":"Z Fang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fang Z, Liu X, Peltz G (2023) GSEApy: a comprehensive package for performing gene set enrichment analysis in Python. Bioinformatics 39:btac757. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btac757","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"6897_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21246-9","volume":"12","author":"S Jin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jin S, Guerrero-Juarez CF, Zhang L, Chang I, Ramos R, Kuan CH et al (2021) Inference and analysis of cell-cell communication using CellChat. Nat Commun 12:1088. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-021-21246-9","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"6897_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i884","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bty560","volume":"34","author":"S Chen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chen S, Zhou Y, Chen Y, Gu J (2018) Fastp: an ultra-fast all-in-one fastq preprocessor. Bioinformatics 34:i884\u2013i890. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bty560","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"6897_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts635","volume":"29","author":"A Dobin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dobin A, Davis CA, Schlesinger F, Drenkow J, Zaleski C, Jha S et al (2013) STAR: ultrafast universal RNA-seq aligner. Bioinformatics 29:15\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts635","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"6897_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-12-323","volume":"12","author":"B Li","year":"2011","unstructured":"Li B, Dewey CN (2011) RSEM: accurate transcript quantification from RNA-Seq data with or without a reference genome. BMC Bioinformatics 12:323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2105-12-323","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"6897_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-014-0550-8","volume":"15","author":"MI Love","year":"2014","unstructured":"Love MI, Huber W, Anders S (2014) Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2. Genome Biol 15:550. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13059-014-0550-8","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"6897_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15545","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0506580102","volume":"102","author":"A Subramanian","year":"2005","unstructured":"Subramanian A, Tamayo P, Mootha VK, Mukherjee S, Ebert BL, Gillette MA et al (2005) Gene set enrichment analysis: a knowledge-based approach for interpreting genome-wide expression profiles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102:15545\u201315550. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0506580102","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"6897_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2961","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.149.9.2961","volume":"149","author":"I Espinoza-Delgado","year":"1992","unstructured":"Espinoza-Delgado I, Longo DL, Gusella GL, Varesio L (1992) Regulation of IL-2 receptor subunit genes in human monocytes. Differential effects of IL-2 and IFN-gamma. J Immunol 149:2961\u20132968. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.149.9.2961","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"6897_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1161\/circresaha.112.300755","volume":"112","author":"Z Yu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yu Z, Ricciotti E, Miwa T, Liu S, Ihida-Stansbury K, Landesberg G et al (2013) Myeloid cell 5-lipoxygenase activating protein modulates the response to vascular injury. Circ Res 112:432\u2013440. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/circresaha.112.300755","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"6897_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2017.03.003","volume":"40","author":"V Sytnyk","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sytnyk V, Leshchyns\u2019ka I, Schachner M (2017) Neural cell adhesion molecules of the immunoglobulin superfamily regulate synapse formation, maintenance, and function. Trends Neurosci 40:295\u2013308. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tins.2017.03.003","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"6897_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2421","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V76.12.2421.2421","volume":"76","author":"MJ Robertson","year":"1990","unstructured":"Robertson MJ, Ritz J (1990) Biology and clinical relevance of human natural killer cells. Blood 76:2421\u20132438","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"6897_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ar64","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.E23-12-0463","volume":"35","author":"AL Martinez","year":"2024","unstructured":"Martinez AL, Shannon MJ, Sloan T, Mace EM (2024) CD56\/NCAM mediates cell migration of human NK cells by promoting integrin-mediated adhesion turnover. Mol Biol Cell 35:ar64. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1091\/mbc.E23-12-0463","journal-title":"Mol Biol Cell"},{"key":"6897_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2403550","volume":"19","author":"G Sconocchia","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sconocchia G, Keyvanfar K, El Ouriaghli F, Grube M, Rezvani K, Fujiwara H et al (2005) Phenotype and function of a CD56\u2009+\u2009peripheral blood monocyte. Leukemia 19:69\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.leu.2403550","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"6897_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.20025","volume":"13","author":"O Grip","year":"2007","unstructured":"Grip O, Bredberg A, Lindgren S, Henriksson G (2007) Increased subpopulations of CD16+ and CD56+ blood monocytes in patients with active Crohn\u2019s disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 13:566\u2013572. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ibd.20025","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"6897_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R139","DOI":"10.1186\/ar4321","volume":"15","author":"M Krasselt","year":"2013","unstructured":"Krasselt M, Baerwald C, Wagner U, Rossol M (2013) CD56\u2009+\u2009monocytes have a dysregulated cytokine response to lipopolysaccharide and accumulate in rheumatoid arthritis and Immunosenescence. Arthritis Res Ther 15:R139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/ar4321","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"6897_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2200021","volume":"209","author":"S Campana","year":"2022","unstructured":"Campana S, De Pasquale C, Sidoti Migliore G, Pezzino G, Cavaliere R, Venanzi Rullo E et al (2022) Cutting edge: hyperinflammatory monocytes expressing CD56 abound in severe COVID-19 patients. J Immunol 209:655\u2013659. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.2200021","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"6897_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2100830","volume":"208","author":"TS Dutt","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dutt TS, LaVergne SM, Webb TL, Baxter BA, Stromberg S, McFann K et al (2022) Comprehensive immune profiling reveals CD56+ monocytes and CD31+ endothelial cells are increased in severe COVID-19 disease. J Immunol 208:685\u2013696. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.2100830","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"6897_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2326","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-021-01390-y","volume":"56","author":"T Luft","year":"2021","unstructured":"Luft T, Dreger P, Radujkovic A (2021) Endothelial cell dysfunction: a key determinant for the outcome of allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transpl 56:2326\u20132335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41409-021-01390-y","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transpl"},{"key":"6897_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3113","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-03-209635","volume":"114","author":"S Nishiwaki","year":"2009","unstructured":"Nishiwaki S, Terakura S, Ito M, Goto T, Seto A, Watanabe K et al (2009) Impact of macrophage infiltration of skin lesions on survival after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: a clue to refractory graft-versus-host disease. Blood 114:3113\u20133116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2009-03-209635","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"6897_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.1172\/jci12156","volume":"107","author":"KR Cooke","year":"2001","unstructured":"Cooke KR, Gerbitz A, Crawford JM, Teshima T, Hill GR, Tesolin A et al (2001) LPS antagonism reduces graft-versus-host disease and preserves graft-versus-leukemia activity after experimental bone marrow transplantation. J Clin Invest 107:1581\u20131589. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/jci12156","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"6897_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2899","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-07-368720","volume":"120","author":"TV Brennan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Brennan TV, Lin L, Huang X, Cardona DM, Li Z, Dredge K et al (2012) Heparan sulfate, an endogenous TLR4 agonist, promotes acute GVHD after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Blood 120:2899\u20132908. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2011-07-368720","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"6897_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1007\/s12185-012-1076-z","volume":"95","author":"H Ye","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ye H, Lv M, Zhao X, Zhao X, Huang X (2012) Plasma level of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein is indicative of acute graft-versus-host disease following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Int J Hematol 95:680\u2013688. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12185-012-1076-z","journal-title":"Int J Hematol"},{"key":"6897_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07238-x","volume":"628","author":"JB Ross","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ross JB, Myers LM, Noh JJ, Collins MM, Carmody AB, Messer RJ et al (2024) Depleting myeloid-biased Haematopoietic stem cells rejuvenates aged immunity. Nature 628:162\u2013170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-024-07238-x","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"6897_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20012","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1116110108","volume":"108","author":"WW Pang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pang WW, Price EA, Sahoo D, Beerman I, Maloney WJ, Rossi DJ et al (2011) Human bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells are increased in frequency and myeloid-biased with age. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 108:20012\u201320017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1116110108","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"6897_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2043","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.v98.7.2043","volume":"98","author":"C Kollman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kollman C, Howe CW, Anasetti C, Antin JH, Davies SM, Filipovich AH et al (2001) Donor characteristics as risk factors in recipients after transplantation of bone marrow from unrelated donors: the effect of donor age. Blood 98:2043\u20132051. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.v98.7.2043","journal-title":"Blood"}],"container-title":["Annals of Hematology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00277-026-06897-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00277-026-06897-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00277-026-06897-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T19:07:54Z","timestamp":1781636874000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00277-026-06897-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["6897"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00277-026-06897-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-0584"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-0584","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Human samples were collected according to the protocol approved by the Institutional Review Board of Nagoya University (#2014-00814377). The study was conducted in accordance with ethical guidelines, including the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing \ufb01nancial interests according to this study. K.M. received honoraria from Janssen Pharmaceutical and Sanofi outside of this study. K.O. received honoraria from Janssen Pharmaceutical outside of this study. H.N. received research funding and honoraria from Ono Pharmaceutical, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Chugai Pharmaceutical, BD Japan, and MSD; received honoraria from Amgen; received research funding from Taiho Pharmaceutical, Daiichi-Sankyo, Kyowa Kirin, Zenyaku Kogyo, Oncolys BioPharma, Debiopharma, Asahi-Kasei, Sysmex, Fujifilm, SRL, Astellas Pharmaceutical, Sumitomo Pharma, ARC Therapies, Meiji Seika Pharma, and RIKAKEN Holdings; and serves as a scientific advisor and a founder of ARC Therapies and a scientific advisor of LTZ Therapeutics outside of this study. H.K. received research funding from Kyowa Kirin, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Perseus Proteomics, Daiichi Sankyo, AbbVie, CURED, Astellas Pharma, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Zenyaku Kogyo, Nippon Shinyaku, Eisai, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Sumitomo Pharma, Novartis Pharma, and Sanofi, and honoraria from Astellas Pharma, AbbVie, Chugai Pharmaceutical, and Novartis Pharma outside this study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Patient information was anonymized, and written informed consent was obtained from all participants before sampling.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent"}}],"article-number":"153"}}