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Data on donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) with HMA\/VEN for relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT) remain limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed 78 adults with relapsed myeloid neoplasms after first alloHCT between 2018 and 2025. DLI was given with HMA, HMA\/VEN, or other\/no treatments. The primary endpoint was event-free survival (EFS), defined as time to death or second alloHCT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Median time to relapse after alloHCT was 12.9 months (range 2.2-192.4). Initial DLI doses ranged from 0.3 to 8.14\u2009\u00d7\u200910\u2076 CD3\u207a cells\/kg. Median EFS after first DLI was 15.2 months: with 16.2 (DLI\/HMA), 14.3 (DLI\/HMA\/VEN), and 21.1 (DLI\/other), respectively. Death occurred in 25.6% and second alloHCT in 32.1% of patients. GvHD of any kind after DLI treatment manifested in 30.8%, both events comparable across groups. Complete remission (CR) after DLI was achieved in 42.3% after a median of 4.2 months, including patients with\n                    <jats:italic>TP53<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutations (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20099).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Approximately 40% of patients with relapsed myeloid malignancies were successfully salvaged with DLI and combination treatments. Patients with high-risk features such as morphological relapse were overrepresented in the DLI\/HMA\/VEN cohort but achieved comparable outcomes to the other treatment groups. This finding suggests successful treatment of even morphological relapse by addition of VEN to DLI\/HMA regimens while supporting the need for controlled trials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-026-06973-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T04:42:35Z","timestamp":1774845755000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Donor lymphocyte infusions for recurrence of myeloid neoplasms after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in the era of hypomethylating agents and BCL2 inhibitors"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"105","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5304-8943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miriam Mozaffari","family":"Jovein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Waterhouse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dietmar","family":"Pfeifer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"Duque-Afonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"L\u00fcbbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristina","family":"Maas-Bauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralph","family":"W\u00e4sch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hartmut","family":"Bertz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justus","family":"Duyster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Zeiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Finke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Wehr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"6973_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2022016867","volume":"140","author":"H D\u00f6hner","year":"2022","unstructured":"D\u00f6hner H, Wei AH, Appelbaum FR, Craddock C, DiNardo CD, Dombret H et al (2022) Diagnosis and management of AML in adults: 2022 recommendations from an international expert panel on behalf of the ELN. 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JDA received speaker\u2019s honoraria from Roche, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Beigene, Abbvie, Lilly, Janssen, Riemser, Ipsen, and Sobi and travel support from Alexion, Beigene, Gilead, Abbvie and Sobi. RW consulted for and\/or received honoraria from Abbvie, Alexion, Amgen, BMS, Johnson & Johnson, Kite\/Gilead, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, Takeda and received research funding from Johnson & Johnson and Sanofi all paid to UKF. CW has received honoraria or travel support from Takeda, MSD, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, medac, sanofi and is receiving a research grant by Takeda. TM, MW, DP, KMB, HB, JD and RZ declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"213"}}