{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]],"date-time":"2026-08-15T09:28:47Z","timestamp":1786786127347,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":122,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780012800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":66,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"\u201cLeading Geese\u201d Research and Development Plan of Zhejiang Province","award":["NO. 2024C03190"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NO. 2024C03190"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NO. 82274273"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NO. 82274273"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014717","name":"Youth Science Fund Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NO. 81774092"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NO. 81774092"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014717","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Hematol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-026-07015-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T15:07:52Z","timestamp":1780067272000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cyclosporine in hematological disorders: mechanisms, clinical practice and emerging advances"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Zhengwei","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinyu","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baodong","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenbin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"7015_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01973261","volume":"6","author":"JF Borel","year":"1976","unstructured":"Borel JF, Feurer C, Gubler HU, St\u00e4helin H (1976) Biological effects of cyclosporin A: a new antilymphocytic agent. Agents Actions 6(4):468\u2013475. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF01973261","journal-title":"Agents Actions"},{"issue":"22","key":"7015_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2167","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1609337","volume":"377","author":"R Zeiser","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zeiser R, Blazar BR (2017) Acute graft-versus-host disease - biologic process, prevention, and therapy. N Engl J Med 377(22):2167\u20132179. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMra1609337","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"7015_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.13853","volume":"172","author":"SB Killick","year":"2016","unstructured":"Killick SB, Bown N, Cavenagh J et al (2016) Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of adult aplastic anaemia. Br J Haematol 172(2):187\u2013207. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjh.13853","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"20","key":"7015_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3925","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867327666201006153202","volume":"28","author":"J Patocka","year":"2021","unstructured":"Patocka J, Nepovimova E, Kuca K, Wu W, Cyclosporine A (2021) Chemistry and Toxicity - A Review. Curr Med Chem 28(20):3925\u20133934. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/0929867327666201006153202","journal-title":"Curr Med Chem"},{"issue":"25","key":"7015_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198912213212507","volume":"321","author":"BD Kahan","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kahan BD, Cyclosporine (1989) N Engl J Med 321(25):1725\u20131738. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJM198912213212507","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"7015_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i12","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfg1029","volume":"18","author":"NA Undre","year":"2003","unstructured":"Undre NA (2003) Pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus-based combination therapies. Nephrol Dial Transpl 18(Suppl 1):i12\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ndt\/gfg1029","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transpl"},{"issue":"4","key":"7015_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(91)90124-h","volume":"66","author":"J Liu","year":"1991","unstructured":"Liu J, Farmer JD, Lane WS, Friedman J, Weissman I, Schreiber SL (1991) Calcineurin is a common target of cyclophilin-cyclosporin A and FKBP-FK506 complexes. Cell 66(4):807\u2013815. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0092-8674(91)90124-h","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"7","key":"7015_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2350825","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.202350825","volume":"54","author":"J Wi\u00dffeld","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wi\u00dffeld J, Hering M, Ten Bosch N, Cui G (2024) The immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A has an immunostimulatory function in CD8\u2009+\u2009T cells. Eur J Immunol 54(7):e2350825. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eji.202350825","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"issue":"13","key":"7015_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4204","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V96.13.4204","volume":"96","author":"RK Rathbun","year":"2000","unstructured":"Rathbun RK, Christianson TA, Faulkner GR et al (2000) Interferon-gamma-induced apoptotic responses of fanconi anemia group C hematopoietic progenitor cells involve caspase 8-dependent activation of caspase 3 family members. Blood 96(13):4204\u20134211","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"1","key":"7015_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.1989.4.1.28","volume":"4","author":"CW Park","year":"1989","unstructured":"Park CW, Han CH, Kim CC, Kim DJ, Kim HK (1989) Immunomodulation therapy for severe aplastic anemia\u2013ALG versus ALG plus cyclosporin a. Korean J Intern Med 4(1):28\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3904\/kjim.1989.4.1.28","journal-title":"Korean J Intern Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"7015_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2785","volume":"10","author":"S Sakaguchi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sakaguchi S, Miyara M, Costantino CM, Hafler DA (2010) FOXP3\u2009+\u2009regulatory T cells in the human immune system. Nat Rev Immunol 10(7):490\u2013500. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nri2785","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"11","key":"7015_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1428","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-08-693481","volume":"129","author":"A Bacigalupo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bacigalupo A (2017) How I treat acquired aplastic anemia. Blood 129(11):1428\u20131436. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2016-08-693481","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"7015_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1378432","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1378432","volume":"15","author":"A Piekarska","year":"2024","unstructured":"Piekarska A, Pawelec K, Szmigielska-Kap\u0142on A, Ussowicz M (2024) The state of the art in the treatment of severe aplastic anemia: immunotherapy and hematopoietic cell transplantation in children and adults. Front Immunol 15:1378432. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1378432","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"10","key":"7015_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1974","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2018.206540","volume":"104","author":"ZR Rogers","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rogers ZR, Nakano TA, Olson TS et al (2019) Immunosuppressive therapy for pediatric aplastic anemia: a north American pediatric aplastic anemia consortium study. Haematologica 104(10):1974\u20131983. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3324\/haematol.2018.206540","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"7015_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Acf K, N B (2022) Toward optimization of cyclosporine concentration target to prevent acute graft-versus-host disease following myeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplant. Clin Transpl 36(8). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ctr.14732","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.14732"},{"key":"7015_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.2147\/CMAR.S240600","volume":"13","author":"R Lewis","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lewis R, Bewersdorf JP, Zeidan AM (2021) Clinical management of anemia in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes: an update on emerging therapeutic options. Cancer Manag Res 13:645\u2013657. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/CMAR.S240600","journal-title":"Cancer Manag Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"7015_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3058","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V85.11.3058.bloodjournal85113058","volume":"85","author":"SJ Rosenfeld","year":"1995","unstructured":"Rosenfeld SJ, Kimball J, Vining D, Young NS (1995) Intensive immunosuppression with antithymocyte globulin and cyclosporine as treatment for severe acquired aplastic anemia. Blood 85(11):3058\u20133065. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.V85.11.3058.bloodjournal85113058","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"4","key":"7015_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00320751","volume":"56","author":"N Frickhofen","year":"1988","unstructured":"Frickhofen N, Kaltwasser JP (1988) Immunosuppressive treatment of aplastic anemia: a prospective, randomized multicenter trial evaluating antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) versus ALG and cyclosporin A. Blut 56(4):191\u2013192. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00320751","journal-title":"Blut"},{"issue":"3","key":"7015_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.19681","volume":"205","author":"JD Strauss","year":"2024","unstructured":"Strauss JD, Brown DW, Zhou W et al (2024) Telomere length and clonal chromosomal alterations in peripheral blood of patients with severe aplastic anaemia. Br J Haematol 205(3):1180\u20131187. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjh.19681","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"4","key":"7015_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.14691","volume":"178","author":"HS Park","year":"2017","unstructured":"Park HS, Park SN, Im K et al (2017) Telomere length and somatic mutations in correlation with response to immunosuppressive treatment in aplastic anaemia. Br J Haematol 178(4):603\u2013615. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjh.14691","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"7015_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805197","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.805197","volume":"9","author":"H Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li H, Fu L, Yang B, Chen H, Ma J, Wu R (2022) Cyclosporine Monotherapy in Pediatric Patients With Non-severe Aplastic Anemia: A Retrospective Analysis. Front Med 9:805197. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2022.805197","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"issue":"22","key":"7015_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3616","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-08-518886","volume":"122","author":"E Papaemmanuil","year":"2013","unstructured":"Papaemmanuil E, Gerstung M, Malcovati L et al (2013) Clinical and biological implications of driver mutations in myelodysplastic syndromes. Blood 122(22):3616\u20133627 quiz 3699. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2013-08-518886","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"5","key":"7015_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1080\/13543784.2020.1757069","volume":"29","author":"SM Abedin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abedin SM, Hamadani M (2020) Ruxolitinib: a potential treatment for corticosteroid refractory acute graft-versus-host disease. Expert Opin Invest Drugs 29(5):423\u2013427. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13543784.2020.1757069","journal-title":"Expert Opin Invest Drugs"},{"issue":"8","key":"7015_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1689","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2019.04.003","volume":"25","author":"S Abedin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Abedin S, McKenna E, Chhabra S et al (2019) Efficacy, Toxicity, and Infectious Complications in Ruxolitinib-Treated Patients with Corticosteroid-Refractory Graft-versus-Host Disease after Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transpl 25(8):1689\u20131694. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbmt.2019.04.003","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transpl"},{"issue":"22","key":"7015_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3780","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2019000812","volume":"3","author":"D Provan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Provan D, Arnold DM, Bussel JB et al (2019) Updated international consensus report on the investigation and management of primary immune thrombocytopenia. Blood Adv 3(22):3780\u20133817. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/bloodadvances.2019000812","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"issue":"6","key":"7015_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2529","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.70069","volume":"207","author":"E Lucchini","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lucchini E, Vianelli N, Consoli U et al (2025) Real-world efficacy and safety of fostamatinib in ITP patients: italian multicentre experience. GIMEMA ITP1122 study. Br J Haematol 207(6):2529\u20132538. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjh.70069","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"1","key":"7015_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2009.07842.x","volume":"147","author":"JCW Marsh","year":"2009","unstructured":"Marsh JCW, Ball SE, Cavenagh J et al (2009) Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of aplastic anaemia. Br J Haematol 147(1):43\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2009.07842.x","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"2","key":"7015_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-05-352328","volume":"119","author":"P Scheinberg","year":"2012","unstructured":"Scheinberg P, Nunez O, Weinstein B, Scheinberg P, Wu CO, Young NS (2012) Activity of alemtuzumab monotherapy in treatment-naive, relapsed, and refractory severe acquired aplastic anemia. Blood 119(2):345\u2013354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2011-05-352328","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"1","key":"7015_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2109965","volume":"386","author":"R Peffault de Latour","year":"2022","unstructured":"Peffault de Latour R, Kulasekararaj A, Iacobelli S et al (2022) Eltrombopag Added to Immunosuppression in Severe Aplastic Anemia. N Engl J Med 386(1):11\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2109965","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"7015_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104670","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exphem.2024.104670","volume":"140","author":"J Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li J, Liang W, Fan H et al (2024) Efficacy and safety of avatrombopag in combination with standard immunosuppressive therapy for severe aplastic anemia. Exp Hematol 140:104670. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exphem.2024.104670","journal-title":"Exp Hematol"},{"issue":"1","key":"7015_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1414799","volume":"373","author":"T Yoshizato","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yoshizato T, Dumitriu B, Hosokawa K et al (2015) Somatic Mutations and Clonal Hematopoiesis in Aplastic Anemia. N Engl J Med 373(1):35\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1414799","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"18","key":"7015_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2775","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-05-526285","volume":"124","author":"DM Townsley","year":"2014","unstructured":"Townsley DM, Dumitriu B, Young NS (2014) Bone marrow failure and the telomeropathies. Blood 124(18):2775\u20132783. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2014-05-526285","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"1","key":"7015_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1200931","volume":"367","author":"MJ Olnes","year":"2012","unstructured":"Olnes MJ, Scheinberg P, Calvo KR et al (2012) Eltrombopag and improved hematopoiesis in refractory aplastic anemia. N Engl J Med 367(1):11\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1200931","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"7015_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2019.222562","volume":"105","author":"A Tichelli","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tichelli A, de Latour RP, Passweg J et al (2020) Long-term outcome of a randomized controlled study in patients with newly diagnosed severe aplastic anemia treated with antithymocyte globulin and cyclosporine, with or without granulocyte colony-stimulating factor: a severe aplastic anemia working party trial from the european group of blood and marrow transplantation. Haematologica 105(5):1223\u20131231. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3324\/haematol.2019.222562","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"issue":"3","key":"7015_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-01-636381","volume":"128","author":"S Ogawa","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ogawa S (2016) Clonal hematopoiesis in acquired aplastic anemia. Blood 128(3):337\u2013347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2016-01-636381","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"9","key":"7015_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2328","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-022-01636-8","volume":"36","author":"EM Groarke","year":"2022","unstructured":"Groarke EM, Patel BA, Shalhoub R et al (2022) Predictors of clonal evolution and myeloid neoplasia following immunosuppressive therapy in severe aplastic anemia. Leukemia 36(9):2328\u20132337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41375-022-01636-8","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"issue":"5","key":"7015_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1570","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V100.5.1570.h81702001570_1570_1574","volume":"100","author":"Y Saunthararajah","year":"2002","unstructured":"Saunthararajah Y, Nakamura R, Nam JM et al (2002) HLA-DR15 (DR2) is overrepresented in myelodysplastic syndrome and aplastic anemia and predicts a response to immunosuppression in myelodysplastic syndrome. Blood 100(5):1570\u20131574. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.V100.5.1570.h81702001570_1570_1574","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"4","key":"7015_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminhematol.2012.07.004","volume":"49","author":"AR Parikh","year":"2012","unstructured":"Parikh AR, Olnes MJ, Barrett AJ (2012) Immunomodulatory treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes: antithymocyte globulin, cyclosporine, and alemtuzumab. Semin Hematol 49(4):304\u2013311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.seminhematol.2012.07.004","journal-title":"Semin Hematol"},{"issue":"35","key":"7015_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5166","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2010.29.7010","volume":"28","author":"EM Sloand","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sloand EM, Olnes MJ, Shenoy A et al (2010) Alemtuzumab treatment of intermediate-1 myelodysplasia patients is associated with sustained improvement in blood counts and cytogenetic remissions. J Clin Oncol 28(35):5166\u20135173. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/JCO.2010.29.7010","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"14","key":"7015_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2018019414","volume":"2","author":"M Stahl","year":"2018","unstructured":"Stahl M, DeVeaux M, de Witte T et al (2018) The use of immunosuppressive therapy in MDS: clinical outcomes and their predictors in a large international patient cohort. Blood Adv 2(14):1765\u20131772. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/bloodadvances.2018019414","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"issue":"6","key":"7015_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-019-0448-2","volume":"33","author":"JP Bewersdorf","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bewersdorf JP, Zeidan AM (2019) Transforming growth factor (TGF)-\u03b2 pathway as a therapeutic target in lower risk myelodysplastic syndromes. Leukemia 33(6):1303\u20131312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41375-019-0448-2","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"issue":"5","key":"7015_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e64","DOI":"10.1002\/hem3.64","volume":"8","author":"CA Tentori","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tentori CA, Zhao LP, Tinterri B et al (2024) Immune-monitoring of myelodysplastic neoplasms: recommendations from the i4MDS consortium. Hemasphere 8(5):e64. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hem3.64","journal-title":"Hemasphere"},{"key":"7015_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203705","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/203705","volume":"2013","author":"M Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang M, Tian T, Yu S, He N, Ma D (2013) Th17 and treg cells in bone related diseases. Clin Dev Immunol 2013:203705. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2013\/203705","journal-title":"Clin Dev Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"7015_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2019.219345","volume":"105","author":"M Stahl","year":"2020","unstructured":"Stahl M, Bewersdorf JP, Giri S, Wang R, Zeidan AM (2020) Use of immunosuppressive therapy for management of myelodysplastic syndromes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Haematologica 105(1):102\u2013111. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3324\/haematol.2019.219345","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"issue":"2","key":"7015_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e147","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(23)00342-3","volume":"11","author":"O Penack","year":"2024","unstructured":"Penack O, Marchetti M, Aljurf M et al (2024) Prophylaxis and management of graft-versus-host disease after stem-cell transplantation for haematological malignancies: updated consensus recommendations of the European society for blood and marrow transplantation. Lancet Haematol 11(2):e147\u2013e159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2352-3026(23)00342-3","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol"},{"issue":"9","key":"7015_CR46","first-page":"587","volume":"28","author":"G Battipaglia","year":"2022","unstructured":"Battipaglia G, Labopin M, Blaise D et al (2022) Impact of the addition of antithymocyte globulin to post-transplantation cyclophosphamide in haploidentical transplantation with peripheral blood compared to post-transplantation cyclophosphamide alone in acute myelogenous leukemia: a retrospective study on behalf of the acute leukemia working party of the European society for blood and marrow transplantation. Transpl Cell Ther 28(9):587. .e1-587.e7","journal-title":"Transpl Cell Ther"},{"issue":"12","key":"7015_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2965","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2025.287504","volume":"110","author":"ZL Xu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Xu ZL, Han TT, Zhu XL et al (2025) Randomized trial of anti-thymocyte globulin plus lowdose post-transplant cyclophosphamide to prevent graft-versus- host disease in haploidentical transplantation. Haematologica 110(12):2965\u20132973. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3324\/haematol.2025.287504","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"7015_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Z WL (2026) Novel FABT-Based Conditioning Regimen with Haploidentical Transplantation for Severe Aplastic Anemia: A prospective, single-center, phase II clinical trial. Transplant cell ther. Published online Febr 21. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtct.2025.12.942","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtct.2025.12.942"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"7015_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.10.016","volume":"16","author":"R Storb","year":"2010","unstructured":"Storb R, Antin JH, Cutler C (2010) Should methotrexate plus calcineurin inhibitors be considered standard of care for prophylaxis of acute graft-versus-host disease? Biol Blood Marrow Transplant: J Am Soc Blood Marrow Transpl 16(1 Suppl):S18\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.10.016","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant: J Am Soc Blood Marrow Transpl"},{"issue":"5","key":"7015_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.02.001","volume":"15","author":"YJ Chang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chang YJ, Xu LP, Liu DH et al (2009) Platelet engraftment in patients with hematologic malignancies following unmanipulated haploidentical blood and marrow transplantation: effects of CD34\u2009+\u2009cell dose and disease status. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant: J Am Soc Blood Marrow Transpl 15(5):632\u2013638. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbmt.2009.02.001","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant: J Am Soc Blood Marrow Transpl"},{"key":"7015_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-014-0059-3","volume":"7","author":"YR Lai","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lai YR, Chen YH, Hu DM et al (2014) Multicenter phase II study of a combination of cyclosporine a, methotrexate and mycophenolate mofetil for GVHD prophylaxis: results of the chinese bone marrow transplant cooperative group (CBMTCG). J Hematol Oncol 7:59. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13045-014-0059-3","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol"},{"issue":"11","key":"7015_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2016.149294","volume":"101","author":"J T\u00f6rl\u00e9n","year":"2016","unstructured":"T\u00f6rl\u00e9n J, Ringd\u00e9n O, Garming-Legert K et al (2016) A prospective randomized trial comparing cyclosporine\/methotrexate and tacrolimus\/sirolimus as graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Haematologica 101(11):1417\u20131425. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3324\/haematol.2016.149294","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"issue":"1","key":"7015_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s12865-025-00714-7","volume":"26","author":"M Xu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Xu M, Xu S, Yi X (2025) A comparative analysis of drug-induced kidney injury adverse reactions between cyclosporine and tacrolimus based on the FAERS database. BMC Immunol 26(1):35. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12865-025-00714-7","journal-title":"BMC Immunol"},{"issue":"11","key":"7015_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70450","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.70450","volume":"29","author":"JM John","year":"2025","unstructured":"John JM, Kulkarni U, Pendharkar D, Jadhav S (2025) Efficacy and Safety of Combining r-ATG With PTCy for GvHD Prophylaxis in Haploidentical HSC Transplantation for Malignancies-A Systematic Review. J Cell Mol Med 29(11):e70450. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcmm.70450","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"issue":"Suppl1","key":"7015_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.22037\/ijpr.2020.112111.13539","volume":"18","author":"A Tafazoli","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tafazoli A, Dadashzadeh S, Mehdizadeh M, Parkhideh S, Tavakoli-Ardakani M (2019) Evaluation of Cyclosporine Pharmacokinetic, Monitoring, and Dosing Parameters for GVHD Prophylaxis in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT) Recipients. Iran J Pharm Res 18(Suppl1):302\u2013314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22037\/ijpr.2020.112111.13539","journal-title":"Iran J Pharm Res"},{"key":"7015_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4682-11-39","volume":"11","author":"S Sarem","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sarem S, Li J, Barriere O et al (2014) Bayesian approach for the estimation of cyclosporine area under the curve using limited sampling strategies in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Theor Biol Med Model 11:39. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1742-4682-11-39","journal-title":"Theor Biol Med Model"},{"issue":"1","key":"7015_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-06-364265","volume":"119","author":"M Jagasia","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jagasia M, Arora M, Flowers MED et al (2012) Risk factors for acute GVHD and survival after hematopoietic cell transplantation. Blood 119(1):296\u2013307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2011-06-364265","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"24","key":"7015_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3832","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-12-543736","volume":"123","author":"S Spoerl","year":"2014","unstructured":"Spoerl S, Mathew NR, Bscheider M et al (2014) Activity of therapeutic JAK 1\/2 blockade in graft-versus-host disease. Blood 123(24):3832\u20133842. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2013-12-543736","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"5","key":"7015_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-018-0340-0","volume":"54","author":"Y Inamoto","year":"2019","unstructured":"Inamoto Y, Vald\u00e9s-Sanz N, Ogawa Y et al (2019) Ocular graft-versus-host disease after hematopoietic cell transplantation: Expert review from the Late Effects and Quality of Life Working Committee of the CIBMTR and Transplant Complications Working Party of the EBMT. Bone Marrow Transpl 54(5):662\u2013673. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41409-018-0340-0","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transpl"},{"issue":"1","key":"7015_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1182\/hematology.2024000594","volume":"2024","author":"W Ghanima","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ghanima W, Cuker A, Michel M (2024) Insights on treatment of adult ITP: algorithm for management and role of multimodal therapy. Hematol Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2024(1):678\u2013684. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/hematology.2024000594","journal-title":"Hematol Am Soc Hematol Educ Program"},{"key":"7015_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cuker A, Stauch T, Cooper N et al (2025) Ianalumab plus eltrombopag in immune thrombocytopenia. N Engl J Med Published online Dec 9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2515168","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2515168"},{"issue":"1","key":"7015_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300060522114987","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605221149870","volume":"51","author":"X Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li X, Zhu W, Bao J, Li J, Zhou Y (2023) Efficacy and safety of cyclosporine-based regimens for primary immune thrombocytopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Int Med Res 51(1):3000605221149870. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/03000605221149870","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"7015_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-06-222448","volume":"115","author":"DM Arnold","year":"2010","unstructured":"Arnold DM, Nazi I, Santos A et al (2010) Combination immunosuppressant therapy for patients with chronic refractory immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Blood 115(1):29\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2009-06-222448","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"7015_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204062072210977","DOI":"10.1177\/20406207221097780","volume":"13","author":"B Fattizzo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fattizzo B, Cantoni S, Giannotta JA et al (2022) Efficacy and safety of cyclosporine a treatment in autoimmune cytopenias: the experience of two italian reference centers. Ther Adv Hematol 13:20406207221097780. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/20406207221097780","journal-title":"Ther Adv Hematol"},{"issue":"1","key":"7015_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1423-0410.1991.tb00870.x","volume":"60","author":"E Kajii","year":"1991","unstructured":"Kajii E, Miura Y, Ikemoto S (1991) Characterization of autoantibodies in mixed-type autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Vox Sang 60(1):45\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1423-0410.1991.tb00870.x","journal-title":"Vox Sang"},{"issue":"5","key":"7015_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1007\/s00005-013-0232-3","volume":"61","author":"JC Jaime-P\u00e9rez","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jaime-P\u00e9rez JC, Rodr\u00edguez-Mart\u00ednez M, G\u00f3mez-de-Le\u00f3n A, Tar\u00edn-Arzaga L, G\u00f3mez-Almaguer D (2013) Current approaches for the treatment of autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Arch Immunol Ther Exp 61(5):385\u2013395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00005-013-0232-3","journal-title":"Arch Immunol Ther Exp"},{"issue":"1","key":"7015_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.24570","volume":"92","author":"M Michel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Michel M, Terriou L, Roudot-Thoraval F et al (2017) A randomized and double-blind controlled trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of rituximab for warm auto-immune hemolytic anemia in adults (the RAIHA study). Am J Hematol 92(1):23\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajh.24570","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"7015_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.2147\/JBM.S177621","volume":"10","author":"S Berentsen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Berentsen S, R\u00f6th A, Randen U, Jilma B, Tj\u00f8nnfjord GE (2019) Cold agglutinin disease: current challenges and future prospects. J Blood Med 10:93\u2013103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/JBM.S177621","journal-title":"J Blood Med"},{"issue":"17","key":"7015_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3180","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-06-288647","volume":"116","author":"S Berentsen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Berentsen S, Randen U, V\u00e5gan AM et al (2010) High response rate and durable remissions following fludarabine and rituximab combination therapy for chronic cold agglutinin disease. Blood 116(17):3180\u20133184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2010-06-288647","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"4","key":"7015_CR70","first-page":"460","volume":"91","author":"S Berentsen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Berentsen S, Ulvestad E, Langholm R et al (2006) Primary chronic cold agglutinin disease: a population based clinical study of 86 patients. Haematologica 91(4):460\u2013466","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"issue":"14","key":"7015_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2027760","volume":"384","author":"A R\u00f6th","year":"2021","unstructured":"R\u00f6th A, Barcellini W, D\u2019Sa S et al (2021) Sutimlimab in cold agglutinin disease. N Engl J Med 384(14):1323\u20131334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2027760","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"7015_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100648","DOI":"10.1016\/j.blre.2019.100648","volume":"41","author":"U J\u00e4ger","year":"2020","unstructured":"J\u00e4ger U, Barcellini W, Broome CM et al (2020) Diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune hemolytic anemia in adults: recommendations from the first international consensus meeting. Blood Rev 41:100648. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.blre.2019.100648","journal-title":"Blood Rev"},{"issue":"12","key":"7015_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3212","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.v98.12.3212","volume":"98","author":"AF List","year":"2001","unstructured":"List AF, Kopecky KJ, Willman CL et al (2001) Benefit of cyclosporine modulation of drug resistance in patients with poor-risk acute myeloid leukemia: a southwest oncology group study. Blood 98(12):3212\u20133220. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.v98.12.3212","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"4","key":"7015_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V100.4.1224.h81602001224_1224_1232","volume":"100","author":"MR Baer","year":"2002","unstructured":"Baer MR, George SL, Dodge RK et al (2002) Phase 3 study of the multidrug resistance modulator PSC-833 in previously untreated patients 60 years of age and older with acute myeloid leukemia: cancer and leukemia group B study 9720. Blood 100(4):1224\u20131232. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.V100.4.1224.h81602001224_1224_1232","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"5","key":"7015_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2018.10.005","volume":"34","author":"CL Jones","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jones CL, Stevens BM, D\u2019Alessandro A et al (2018) Inhibition of amino acid metabolism selectively targets human leukemia stem cells. Cancer Cell 34(5):724\u2013740e4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ccell.2018.10.005","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"7015_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1177590","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2023.1177590","volume":"13","author":"LA Lage","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lage LA, de PC, Culler HF, Reichert CO, da Siqueira SAC, Pereira J (2023) Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma and correlated neoplasms with T-cell follicular helper phenotype: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic advances. Front Oncol 13:1177590. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fonc.2023.1177590","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"11","key":"7015_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1080\/17474086.2019.1652590","volume":"12","author":"A Ohmoto","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ohmoto A, Fuji S (2019) Cyclosporine for angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma: a literature review. Expert Rev Hematol 12(11):975\u2013981. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17474086.2019.1652590","journal-title":"Expert Rev Hematol"},{"issue":"2","key":"7015_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1997.15.2.667","volume":"15","author":"S Giralt","year":"1997","unstructured":"Giralt S, Weber D, Colome M et al (1997) Phase I trial of cyclosporine-induced autologous graft-versus-host disease in patients with multiple myeloma undergoing high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem-cell rescue. J Clin Oncol 15(2):667\u2013673. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/JCO.1997.15.2.667","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"8814","key":"7015_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)92353-h","volume":"340","author":"P Sonneveld","year":"1992","unstructured":"Sonneveld P, Durie BG, Lokhorst HM et al (1992) Modulation of multidrug-resistant multiple myeloma by cyclosporin. The Leukaemia Group of the EORTC and the HOVON. Lancet (Lond Engl) 340(8814):255\u2013259. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0140-6736(92)92353-h","journal-title":"Lancet (Lond Engl)"},{"issue":"6","key":"7015_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1705931","volume":"41","author":"J Kline","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kline J, Subbiah S, Lazarus HM, van Besien K (2008) Autologous graft-versus-host disease: harnessing anti-tumor immunity through impaired self-tolerance. Bone Marrow Transpl 41(6):505\u2013513. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.bmt.1705931","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transpl"},{"issue":"1","key":"7015_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1586\/ehm.12.62","volume":"6","author":"S Andhavarapu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Andhavarapu S, Roy V (2013) Immunomodulatory drugs in multiple myeloma. Expert Rev Hematol 6(1):69\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1586\/ehm.12.62","journal-title":"Expert Rev Hematol"},{"issue":"1","key":"7015_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(15)00464-7","volume":"17","author":"MA Dimopoulos","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dimopoulos MA, Moreau P, Palumbo A et al (2016) Carfilzomib and dexamethasone versus bortezomib and dexamethasone for patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (ENDEAVOR): a randomised, phase 3, open-label, multicentre study. Lancet Oncol 17(1):27\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1470-2045(15)00464-7","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"7015_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e18636","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.18636","volume":"12","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Wang Z, Wang Y et al (2024) CYP3A4 and CYP3A5: the crucial roles in clinical drug metabolism and the significant implications of genetic polymorphisms. PeerJ 12:e18636. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717\/peerj.18636","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"issue":"3","key":"7015_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0012.1998.tb01098.x","volume":"12","author":"M Cantarovich","year":"1998","unstructured":"Cantarovich M, Besner JG, Barkun JS, Elstein E, Loertscher R (1998) Two-hour cyclosporine level determination is the appropriate tool to monitor neoral therapy. Clin Transpl 12(3):243\u2013249. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1399-0012.1998.tb01098.x","journal-title":"Clin Transpl"},{"key":"7015_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mehta S, Gillani SF, Elkomi R, Michael M (2025) Racial Disparities in Kidney Transplant Outcomes Among Black and White Recipients Treated with Cyclosporine and mTOR Inhibitors. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities Published online November 26. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40615-025-02761-7","DOI":"10.1007\/s40615-025-02761-7"},{"issue":"4","key":"7015_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-2277.2004.00055.x","volume":"18","author":"T Jarzembowski","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jarzembowski T, Panaro F, Raofi V et al (2005) Long-term results of a prospective randomized trial comparing tacrolimus versus cyclosporine in african-american recipients of primary cadaver renal transplant. Transpl Int 18(4):419\u2013422. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1432-2277.2004.00055.x","journal-title":"Transpl Int"},{"key":"7015_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1217065","DOI":"10.3389\/frtra.2023.1217065","volume":"2","author":"A Cassano","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cassano A, Chong AS, Alegre ML (2023) Tregs in transplantation tolerance: role and therapeutic potential. Front Transpl 2:1217065. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/frtra.2023.1217065","journal-title":"Front Transpl"},{"issue":"12","key":"7015_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1376","volume":"304","author":"P Scheinberg","year":"2010","unstructured":"Scheinberg P, Cooper JN, Sloand EM, Wu CO, Calado RT, Young NS (2010) Association of telomere length of peripheral blood leukocytes with hematopoietic relapse, malignant transformation, and survival in severe aplastic anemia. JAMA 304(12):1358\u20131364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2010.1376","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"5","key":"7015_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcyt.2024.02.003","volume":"26","author":"A Nikoloudis","year":"2024","unstructured":"Nikoloudis A, Buxhofer-Ausch V, Aichinger C et al (2024) Impact of early cyclosporine a levels on acute graft-versus-host disease in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation using in vivo T-cell depletion. Cytotherapy 26(5):491\u2013497. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcyt.2024.02.003","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"issue":"12","key":"7015_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2479","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-023-02047-z","volume":"37","author":"B Fattizzo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fattizzo B, Gurnari C, Cassanello G et al (2023) Deciphering treatment patterns in non-severe\/moderate aplastic anemia: an international observational study. Leukemia 37(12):2479\u20132485. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41375-023-02047-z","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"issue":"7","key":"7015_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.27334","volume":"99","author":"A Yoshimi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yoshimi A, Noellke P, Star\u00fd J et al (2024) Comparison of outcomes of immunosuppressive therapy with rabbit versus horse antithymocyte globulin and cyclosporine a in children with acquired severe aplastic anemia. Am J Hematol 99(7):1403\u20131406. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajh.27334","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"issue":"2","key":"7015_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2019.229781","volume":"105","author":"I Yakoub-Agha","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yakoub-Agha I, Chabannon C, Bader P et al (2020) Management of adults and children undergoing chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy: best practice recommendations of the European society for blood and marrow transplantation (EBMT) and the joint accreditation committee of ISCT and EBMT (JACIE). Haematologica 105(2):297\u2013316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3324\/haematol.2019.229781","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"issue":"2","key":"7015_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.04800908","volume":"4","author":"M Naesens","year":"2009","unstructured":"Naesens M, Kuypers DRJ, Sarwal M (2009) Calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity. Clin j Am Soc Nephrol: CJASN 4(2):481\u2013508. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2215\/CJN.04800908","journal-title":"Clin j Am Soc Nephrol: CJASN"},{"key":"7015_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"A K, J C, I D, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of adult aplastic anaemia: a british society for haematology guideline. Br J Haematol. (2024) ;204(3). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjh.19236","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.19236"},{"issue":"8","key":"7015_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e31070","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.31070","volume":"71","author":"KA Shimano","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shimano KA, Rothman JA, Allen SW et al (2024) Treatment of newly diagnosed severe aplastic anemia in children: evidence-based recommendations. Pediatr Blood Cancer 71(8):e31070. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pbc.31070","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"key":"7015_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trim.2024.102147","volume":"88","author":"R Alqadi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Alqadi R, Alqumia A, Alhomoud IS et al (2025) Cyclosporine: immunosuppressive effects, entwined toxicity, and clinical modulations of an organ transplant drug. Transpl Immunol 88:102147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.trim.2024.102147","journal-title":"Transpl Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"7015_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e3181a9e960","volume":"88","author":"NB Cross","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cross NB, Webster AC, Masson P, O\u2019connell PJ, Craig JC (2009) Antihypertensives for kidney transplant recipients: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Transplantation 88(1):7\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/TP.0b013e3181a9e960","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"issue":"1","key":"7015_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14688","DOI":"10.1111\/petr.14688","volume":"28","author":"S Zhumatayev","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhumatayev S, Yalcin K, Celen SS et al (2024) Comparison of tacrolimus vs. cyclosporine in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for thalassemia. Pediatr Transpl 28(1):e14688. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/petr.14688","journal-title":"Pediatr Transpl"},{"issue":"16","key":"7015_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4336","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2024015094","volume":"9","author":"D Koura","year":"2025","unstructured":"Koura D, Dykes K, Goodman A et al (2025) A prospective clinical trial of GVHD prophylaxis with posttransplant cyclophosphamide and abatacept. Blood Adv 9(16):4336\u20134344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/bloodadvances.2024015094","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"issue":"6","key":"7015_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2016002980","volume":"1","author":"KH Gartlan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gartlan KH, Varelias A, Koyama M et al (2017) Th17 plasticity and transition toward a pathogenic cytokine signature are regulated by cyclosporine after allogeneic SCT. Blood Adv 1(6):341\u2013351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/bloodadvances.2016002980","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"issue":"10","key":"7015_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2008.282","volume":"18","author":"X Chen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chen X, Ba Y, Ma L et al (2008) Characterization of microRNAs in serum: a novel class of biomarkers for diagnosis of cancer and other diseases. Cell Res 18(10):997\u20131006. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/cr.2008.282","journal-title":"Cell Res"},{"issue":"24","key":"7015_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2182","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2019004710","volume":"135","author":"MS Davids","year":"2020","unstructured":"Davids MS, Kim HT, Costello C et al (2020) A multicenter phase 1 study of nivolumab for relapsed hematologic malignancies after allogeneic transplantation. Blood 135(24):2182\u20132191. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2019004710","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"5","key":"7015_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1002\/jgh3.12531","volume":"5","author":"E Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang E, Kiely C, Sandanayake N, Tattersall S (2021) Calcineurin inhibitors in steroid and anti-TNF-alpha refractory immune checkpoint inhibitor colitis. JGH Open 5(5):558\u2013562. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jgh3.12531","journal-title":"JGH Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"7015_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-024-03258-5","volume":"24","author":"J Deng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Deng J, Guan W, Hu M et al (2024) Cyclosporine successfully treats steroid-resistant checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis: a case report. BMC Pulm Med 24(1):577. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12890-024-03258-5","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"7015_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70244","DOI":"10.1002\/cnr2.70244","volume":"8","author":"D Yu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yu D, Chen H, Wang L (2025) Emerging trends in neoadjuvant immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: a focus on liver transplant candidates. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 8(7):e70244. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cnr2.70244","journal-title":"Cancer Rep (Hoboken)"},{"issue":"82","key":"7015_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eabq3016","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abq3016","volume":"8","author":"JJ Peng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Peng JJ, Wang L, Li Z, Ku CL, Ho PC (2023) Metabolic challenges and interventions in CAR T cell therapy. Sci Immunol 8(82):eabq3016. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciimmunol.abq3016","journal-title":"Sci Immunol"},{"key":"7015_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.6004\/jadpro.2025.16.7.25","volume":"2","author":"YL Hwa","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hwa YL, Doss D, Mangan PA, Faber MC, Catamero DD (2025) Understanding the Role and Clinical Management of Bridging Therapy During CAR T-Cell Therapy for Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma. J Adv Pract Oncol Published online September 2:1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6004\/jadpro.2025.16.7.25","journal-title":"J Adv Pract Oncol Published online September"},{"issue":"1","key":"7015_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2017.148","volume":"15","author":"SS Neelapu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Neelapu SS, Tummala S, Kebriaei P et al (2018) Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy - assessment and management of toxicities. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 15(1):47\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrclinonc.2017.148","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"7015_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2023.284358","volume":"109","author":"X Feng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Feng X, Manley AL, Wu Z et al (2024) Efficacy of combined low-dose ruxolitinib and cyclosporine in murine immune bone marrow failure. Haematologica 109(5):1603\u20131607. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3324\/haematol.2023.284358","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"7015_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"760199","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.760199","volume":"12","author":"LM Braun","year":"2021","unstructured":"Braun LM, Zeiser R (2021) Kinase inhibition as treatment for acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease. Front Immunol 12:760199. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2021.760199","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"20","key":"7015_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2020004823","volume":"135","author":"M Jagasia","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jagasia M, Perales MA, Schroeder MA et al (2020) Ruxolitinib for the treatment of steroid-refractory acute GVHD (REACH1): a multicenter, open-label phase 2 trial. Blood 135(20):1739\u20131749. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2020004823","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"1","key":"7015_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnur.2015.10.008","volume":"51","author":"TL Allison","year":"2016","unstructured":"Allison TL (2016) Immunosuppressive therapy in transplantation. Nurs Clin North Am 51(1):107\u2013120. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cnur.2015.10.008","journal-title":"Nurs Clin North Am"},{"issue":"15","key":"7015_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3903","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2023009791","volume":"7","author":"K Maurer","year":"2023","unstructured":"Maurer K, Ho VT, Inyang E et al (2023) Posttransplant cyclophosphamide vs tacrolimus-based GVHD prophylaxis: lower incidence of relapse and chronic GVHD. Blood Adv 7(15):3903\u20133915. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/bloodadvances.2023009791","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"issue":"11","key":"7015_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2147","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-020-0921-6","volume":"55","author":"J Montoro","year":"2020","unstructured":"Montoro J, Pi\u00f1ana JL, Hern\u00e1ndez-Boluda JC et al (2020) Uniform graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis with posttransplant cyclophosphamide, sirolimus, and mycophenolate mofetil following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from haploidentical, matched sibling and unrelated donors. Bone Marrow Transpl 55(11):2147\u20132159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41409-020-0921-6","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transpl"},{"issue":"11","key":"7015_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1915","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2018.195123","volume":"103","author":"PA Carpenter","year":"2018","unstructured":"Carpenter PA, Logan BR, Lee SJ et al (2018) A phase II\/III randomized, multicenter trial of prednisone\/sirolimus versus prednisone\/ sirolimus\/calcineurin inhibitor for the treatment of chronic graft-versus-host disease: BMT CTN 0801. Haematologica 103(11):1915\u20131924. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3324\/haematol.2018.195123","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"issue":"7","key":"7015_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1007\/s40264-019-00810-9","volume":"42","author":"LS Nguyen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nguyen LS, Vautier M, Allenbach Y et al (2019) Sirolimus and mTOR inhibitors: a review of side effects and specific management in solid organ transplantation. Drug Saf 42(7):813\u2013825. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40264-019-00810-9","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"issue":"3","key":"7015_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R1","DOI":"10.1093\/ejendo\/lvaf182","volume":"193","author":"T Diker Cohen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Diker Cohen T, Dotan I, Calvarysky B, Robenshtok E (2025) Endocrine effects of long-term calcineurin inhibitor use in solid organ transplant recipients. Eur J Endocrinol 193(3):R1\u2013R16. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ejendo\/lvaf182","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"16","key":"7015_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1540","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1613878","volume":"376","author":"DM Townsley","year":"2017","unstructured":"Townsley DM, Scheinberg P, Winkler T et al (2017) Eltrombopag added to standard immunosuppression for aplastic anemia. N Engl J Med 376(16):1540\u20131550. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1613878","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"7015_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2062","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2015.212","volume":"29","author":"R Zeiser","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zeiser R, Burchert A, Lengerke C et al (2015) Ruxolitinib in corticosteroid-refractory graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: a multicenter survey. Leukemia 29(10):2062\u20132068. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/leu.2015.212","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"issue":"1","key":"7015_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2018-08-868752","volume":"133","author":"CD DiNardo","year":"2019","unstructured":"DiNardo CD, Pratz K, Pullarkat V et al (2019) Venetoclax combined with decitabine or azacitidine in treatment-naive, elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Blood 133(1):7\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2018-08-868752","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"2","key":"7015_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2017-01-761346","volume":"130","author":"BM Haverkos","year":"2017","unstructured":"Haverkos BM, Abbott D, Hamadani M et al (2017) PD-1 blockade for relapsed lymphoma post-allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant: high response rate but frequent GVHD. Blood 130(2):221\u2013228. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2017-01-761346","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"1","key":"7015_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1080\/16078454.2022.2081008","volume":"27","author":"XT Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang XT, Zhang YN, Zhu JJ et al (2022) The efficacy and safety of cyclosporine a plus androgen versus androgen alone for adult patients with non-severe aplastic anemia in China: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Hematology 27(1):733\u2013741. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/16078454.2022.2081008","journal-title":"Hematology"}],"container-title":["Annals of Hematology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00277-026-07015-y","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00277-026-07015-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00277-026-07015-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]],"date-time":"2026-08-15T09:20:15Z","timestamp":1786785615000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00277-026-07015-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"references-count":122,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["7015"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00277-026-07015-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-0584"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-0584","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"354"}}