{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T10:45:35Z","timestamp":1789469135785,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782086400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788393600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":73,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Beijing Sisko Clinical Oncology Research Foundation","award":["Y-NCJH202201-0013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y-NCJH202201-0013"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Hematol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-026-07136-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T16:46:23Z","timestamp":1782146783000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A novel prognostic index predicts outcome of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients treated with R-CHOP immunochemotherapy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Zhiya","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxin","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Teng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Sui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianqiu","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"7136_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2019.08.013","volume":"52","author":"N Sukswai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sukswai N, Lyapichev K, Khoury JD, Medeiros LJ (2020) Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma variants: an update. Pathology 52:53\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pathol.2019.08.013","journal-title":"Pathology"},{"key":"7136_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-05-577189","volume":"125","author":"LH Sehn","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sehn LH, Gascoyne RD (2015) Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: optimizing outcome in the context of clinical and biologic heterogeneity. Blood 125:22\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2014-05-577189","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"7136_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5027","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2005.09.137","volume":"23","author":"LH Sehn","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sehn LH, Donaldson J, Chhanabhai M et al (2005) Introduction of combined CHOP plus rituximab therapy dramatically improved outcome of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in British Columbia. J Clin Oncol 23:5027\u20135033. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/jco.2005.09.137","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"7136_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3121","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2005.05.1003","volume":"24","author":"TM Habermann","year":"2006","unstructured":"Habermann TM, Weller EA, Morrison VA et al (2006) Rituximab-CHOP versus CHOP alone or with maintenance rituximab in older patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 24:3121\u20133127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/jco.2005.05.1003","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"7136_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.24615","volume":"92","author":"LJ Costa","year":"2017","unstructured":"Costa LJ, Maddocks K, Epperla N et al (2017) Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with primary treatment failure: ultra-high risk features and benchmarking for experimental therapies. Am J Hematol 92:161\u2013170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajh.24615","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"7136_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1056\/nejm199309303291402","volume":"329","author":"A predictive model","year":"1993","unstructured":"A predictive model (1993) for aggressive non-Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma. N Engl J Med 329:987\u2013994. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/nejm199309303291402","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"7136_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa011795","volume":"346","author":"B Coiffier","year":"2002","unstructured":"Coiffier B, Lepage E, Briere J et al (2002) CHOP chemotherapy plus rituximab compared with CHOP alone in elderly patients with diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma. N Engl J Med 346:235\u2013242. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa011795","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"7136_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1857","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-08-038257","volume":"109","author":"LH Sehn","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sehn LH, Berry B, Chhanabhai M et al (2007) The revised International Prognostic Index (R-IPI) is a better predictor of outcome than the standard IPI for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with R-CHOP. Blood 109:1857\u20131861. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2006-08-038257","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"7136_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2373","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2009.26.2493","volume":"28","author":"M Ziepert","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ziepert M, Hasenclever D, Kuhnt E et al (2010) Standard International prognostic index remains a valid predictor of outcome for patients with aggressive CD20\u2009+\u2009B-cell lymphoma in the rituximab era. J Clin Oncol 28:2373\u20132380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/jco.2009.26.2493","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"7136_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-09-524108","volume":"123","author":"Z Zhou","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhou Z, Sehn LH, Rademaker AW et al (2014) An enhanced International Prognostic Index (NCCN-IPI) for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated in the rituximab era. Blood 123:837\u2013842. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2013-09-524108","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"7136_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2041","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2019002729","volume":"135","author":"AS Ruppert","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ruppert AS, Dixon JG, Salles G et al (2020) International prognostic indices in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a comparison of IPI, R-IPI, and NCCN-IPI. Blood 135:2041\u20132048. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2019002729","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"7136_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2605","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.20.02573","volume":"39","author":"S Alig","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alig S, Macaulay CW, Kurtz DM et al (2021) Short diagnosis-to-treatment interval is associated with higher circulating tumor DNA levels in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 39:2605\u20132616. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/jco.20.02573","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"7136_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2363","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdy450","volume":"29","author":"S Ciavarella","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ciavarella S, Vegliante MC, Fabbri M et al (2018) Dissection of DLBCL microenvironment provides a gene expression-based predictor of survival applicable to formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue. Ann Oncol 29:2363\u20132370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/annonc\/mdy450","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"7136_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3048","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2013.53.5229","volume":"32","author":"SF Barrington","year":"2014","unstructured":"Barrington SF, Mikhaeel NG, Kostakoglu L et al (2014) Role of imaging in the staging and response assessment of lymphoma: consensus of the International Conference on Malignant Lymphomas Imaging Working Group. J Clin Oncol 32:3048\u20133058. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/jco.2013.53.5229","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"7136_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2010.108","volume":"24","author":"LF Porrata","year":"2010","unstructured":"Porrata LF, Rsitow K, Inwards DJ et al (2010) Lymphopenia assessed during routine follow-up after immunochemotherapy (R-CHOP) is a risk factor for predicting relapse in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Leukemia 24:1343\u20131349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/leu.2010.108","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"7136_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1136\/jclinpath-2020-207048","volume":"75","author":"FE Laddaga","year":"2022","unstructured":"Laddaga FE, Ingravallo G, Mestice A et al (2022) Correlation between circulating blood and microenvironment T lymphocytes in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. J Clin Pathol 75:493\u2013497. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jclinpath-2020-207048","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"7136_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1002\/dc.21127","volume":"37","author":"I Cozzolino","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cozzolino I, Nappa S, Picardi M et al (2009) Clonal B-cell population in a reactive lymph node in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Diagn Cytopathol 37:910\u2013914. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dc.21127","journal-title":"Diagn Cytopathol"},{"key":"7136_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3774","volume":"14","author":"DW Scott","year":"2014","unstructured":"Scott DW, Gascoyne RD (2014) The tumour microenvironment in B cell lymphomas. Nat Rev Cancer 14:517\u2013534. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrc3774","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"7136_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.23398","volume":"88","author":"C Keane","year":"2013","unstructured":"Keane C, Gill D, Vari F et al (2013) CD4(+) tumor infiltrating lymphocytes are prognostic and independent of R-IPI in patients with DLBCL receiving R-CHOP chemo-immunotherapy. Am J Hematol 88:273\u2013276. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajh.23398","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"7136_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2167","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2022.282265","volume":"108","author":"JY Song","year":"2023","unstructured":"Song JY, Nwangwu M, He TF et al (2023) Low T-cell proportion in the tumor microenvironment is associated with immune escape and poor survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Haematologica 108:2167\u20132177. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3324\/haematol.2022.282265","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"7136_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2006.00417.x","volume":"212","author":"C Baecher-Allan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Baecher-Allan C, Hafler DA (2006) Human regulatory T cells and their role in autoimmune disease. Immunol Rev 212:203\u2013216. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2006.00417.x","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"7136_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-10-248609","volume":"116","author":"R Ab\u00e8s","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ab\u00e8s R, G\u00e9liz\u00e9 E, Fridman WH, Teillaud JL (2010) Long-lasting antitumor protection by anti-CD20 antibody through cellular immune response. Blood 116:926\u2013934. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2009-10-248609","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"7136_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3003","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.20.00999","volume":"38","author":"DO Persky","year":"2020","unstructured":"Persky DO, Li H, Stephens DM et al (2020) Positron emission tomography-directed therapy for patients with limited-stage diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: results of Intergroup National Clinical Trials Network Study S1001. J Clin Oncol 38:3003\u20133011. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/jco.20.00999","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"7136_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.13766","volume":"171","author":"A Kumar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kumar A, Lunning MA, Zhang Z et al (2015) Excellent outcomes and lack of prognostic impact of cell of origin for localized diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the rituximab era. Br J Haematol 171:776\u2013783. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjh.13766","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"7136_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1800","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.29290","volume":"121","author":"JN Williams","year":"2015","unstructured":"Williams JN, Rai A, Lipscomb J et al (2015) Disease characteristics, patterns of care, and survival in very elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Cancer 121:1800\u20131808. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cncr.29290","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"7136_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.23638","volume":"89","author":"JJ Castillo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Castillo JJ, Winer ES, Olszewski AJ (2014) Sites of extranodal involvement are prognostic in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the rituximab era: an analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database. Am J Hematol 89:310\u2013314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajh.23638","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"7136_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.24169","volume":"90","author":"TC El-Galaly","year":"2015","unstructured":"El-Galaly TC, Villa D, Alzahrani M et al (2015) Outcome prediction by extranodal involvement, IPI, R-IPI, and NCCN-IPI in the PET\/CT and rituximab era: a Danish-Canadian study of 443 patients with diffuse-large B-cell lymphoma. Am J Hematol 90:1041\u20131046. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajh.24169","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"7136_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdq403","volume":"22","author":"M Picardi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Picardi M, Soricelli A, Grimaldi F et al (2011) Fused FDG-PET\/contrast-enhanced CT detects occult subdiaphragmatic involvement of Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma thereby identifying patients requiring six cycles of anthracycline-containing chemotherapy and consolidation radiation of spleen. Ann Oncol 22:671\u2013680. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/annonc\/mdq403","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"7136_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-021-04537-5","volume":"100","author":"M Picardi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Picardi M, Cavaliere C, Della Pepa R et al (2021) PET\/MRI for staging patients with Hodgkin lymphoma: equivalent results with PET\/CT in a prospective trial. Ann Hematol 100:1525\u20131535. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00277-021-04537-5","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"key":"7136_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.18348","volume":"198","author":"M Picardi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Picardi M, Giordano C, Pugliese N et al (2022) Liposomal doxorubicin supercharge-containing front-line treatment in patients with advanced-stage diffuse large B-cell lymphoma or classical Hodgkin lymphoma: preliminary results of a single-centre phase II study. Br J Haematol 198:847\u2013860. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjh.18348","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"}],"container-title":["Annals of Hematology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00277-026-07136-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00277-026-07136-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00277-026-07136-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T09:42:42Z","timestamp":1789465362000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00277-026-07136-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["7136"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00277-026-07136-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-0584"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-0584","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 March 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the ethics committee of Jiangsu cancer hospital (Approval No.: KY-2024-024).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics statement","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The committee waived the need for written informed consent from the participants studied in this analysis as the data were analyzed retrospectively and anonymously.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Patient consent statement","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Jianqiu Wu is the Chief Physician, Professor, and DoctoralSupervisor. Her main research interents are basic and clinical research on lymphoma.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Notes on contributors","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"406"}}