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The combination of chidamide (CHI) and venetoclax (VEN) represents a novel approach. However, real-world data on its use are limited. In this study, eighteen high-risk transplant recipients received maintenance therapy with CHI (5\u00a0mg\/day on days 1\u20137 or 1\u201314) plus VEN (100\u00a0mg on day 1, then 200\u00a0mg on days 2\u20137 or 2\u201314) every 2 months. Endpoints included overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR), non-relapse mortality (NRM), and safety. After a median follow-up of 708 days, the 2-year OS and DFS were 73.9% and 56.6%, respectively. The 2-year CIR was 28.9%, and the 2-year NRM rate was 22.5%. The most common adverse events were hematologic, including neutropenia (13 episodes), thrombocytopenia (7), and anemia (7), all of which were manageable. No treatment-related mortality, tumor lysis syndrome, or severe acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) occurred. In conclusion, CHI plus VEN as post-transplant maintenance therapy shows encouraging efficacy and a manageable safety profile in high-risk AML\/MDS patients, representing a promising strategy for relapse prevention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-026-07221-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T03:46:33Z","timestamp":1786074393000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Chidamide plus venetoclax as effective and safe maintenance therapy in high-risk acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome post-transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Cuicui","family":"Lyu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haotian","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yedi","family":"Pu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianshuang","family":"Luan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hairong","family":"Lyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xia","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingfeng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"7221_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminhematol.2018.08.007","volume":"56","author":"X Pei","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pei X, Huang X (2019) New approaches in allogenic transplantation in AML. 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