{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T18:39:36Z","timestamp":1792694376695,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787875200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792627200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":55,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013323","name":"Yancheng Science and Technology Bureau","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["YK2024093"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YK2024093"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013323","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012217","name":"Xuzhou Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["XZSYSKF2024002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XZSYSKF2024002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012217","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Hematol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-026-07249-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T06:04:16Z","timestamp":1787897056000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Waldenstrom\u2019s macroglobulinemia in siblings: a single institutional experience with 10 cases at 25 years and a review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Lingling","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongfen","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianming","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuqing","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7040-4314","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuexin","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"7249_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.26796","volume":"98","author":"MA Gertz","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gertz MA (2023) Waldenstr\u00f6m macroglobulinemia: 2023 update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and management. Am J Hematol 98:348\u2013358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajh.26796","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"7249_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2024.102715","volume":"125","author":"A Grunenberg","year":"2024","unstructured":"Grunenberg A, Buske C (2024) How to manage waldenstr\u00f6m\u2019s macroglobulinemia in 2024. Cancer Treat Rev 125:102715. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ctrv.2024.102715","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Rev"},{"key":"7249_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.blre.2023.101129","volume":"62","author":"P Kapoor","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kapoor P, Rajkumar SV (2023) Current approach to Waldenstr\u00f6m macroglobulinemia. Blood Rev 62:101129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.blre.2023.101129","journal-title":"Blood Rev"},{"key":"7249_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminhematol.2023.03.008","volume":"60","author":"ML McMaster","year":"2023","unstructured":"McMaster ML (2023) The epidemiology of Waldenstr\u00f6m macroglobulinemia. Semin Hematol 60:65\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.seminhematol.2023.03.008","journal-title":"Semin Hematol"},{"key":"7249_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2037","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2022.280953","volume":"107","author":"J Khwaja","year":"2022","unstructured":"Khwaja J, D\u2019Sa S, Minnema MC, Kersten MJ, Wechalekar A, Vos JM (2022) IgM monoclonal gammopathies of clinical significance: diagnosis and management. Haematologica 107:2037\u20132050. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3324\/haematol.2022.280953","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"7249_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hoc.2023.04.007","volume":"37","author":"O Tomkins","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tomkins O, Leblond V, Lunn MP, Viala K, Weil DR, D\u2019Sa S (2023) Investigation and Management of Immunoglobulin M- and Waldenstr\u00f6m-Associated Peripheral Neuropathies. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 37:761\u2013776. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hoc.2023.04.007","journal-title":"Hematol Oncol Clin North Am"},{"key":"7249_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3052","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-06-162768","volume":"112","author":"SY Kristinsson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kristinsson SY, Bj\u00f6rkholm M, Goldin LR, McMaster ML, Turesson I, Landgren O (2008) Risk of lymphoproliferative disorders among first-degree relatives of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma\/Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia patients: a population-based study in Sweden. Blood 112:3052\u20133056. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2008-06-162768","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"7249_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5063","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-07-0299","volume":"13","author":"ML McMaster","year":"2007","unstructured":"McMaster ML, Csako G, Giambarresi TR, Vasquez L, Berg M, Saddlemire S, Hulley B, Tucker MA (2007) Long-term evaluation of three multiple-case Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia families. Clin Cancer Res 13:5063\u20135069. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-07-0299","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"7249_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4464","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-10-247973","volume":"115","author":"RH Royer","year":"2010","unstructured":"Royer RH, Koshiol J, Giambarresi TR, Vasquez LG, Pfeiffer RM, McMaster ML (2010) Differential characteristics of Waldenstr\u00f6m macroglobulinemia according to patterns of familial aggregation. Blood 115:4464\u20134471. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2009-10-247973","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"7249_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdj111","volume":"17","author":"SP Treon","year":"2006","unstructured":"Treon SP, Hunter ZR, Aggarwal A, Ewen EP, Masota S, Lee C, Santos DD, Hatjiharissi E, Xu L, Leleu X, Tournilhac O, Patterson CJ, Manning R, Branagan AR, Morton CC (2006) Characterization of familial Waldenstrom\u2019s macroglobulinemia. Ann Oncol 17:488\u2013494. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/annonc\/mdj111","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"7249_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1086\/507687","volume":"79","author":"ML McMaster","year":"2006","unstructured":"McMaster ML, Goldin LR, Bai Y, Ter-Minassian M, Boehringer S, Giambarresi TR, Vasquez LG, Tucker MA (2006) Genomewide linkage screen for Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia susceptibility loci in high-risk families. Am J Hum Genet 79:695\u2013701. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/507687","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"7249_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2023023639","volume":"144","author":"K Chohan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chohan K, Paludo J, Dasari S, Mondello P, Novak JP, Abeykoon JP, Wenzl K, Yang ZZ, Jalali S, Bhardwaj V, Krull JE, Braggio E, Manske MK, Paulus A, Reeder CB, Ailawadhi S, Chanan-Khan A, Kapoor P, Kyle RA, Gertz MA, Novak AJ, Ansell SM (2024) Multiomics analysis of IgM monoclonal gammopathies reveals epigenetic influence on oncogenesis via DNA methylation. Blood 144:1284\u20131289. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2023023639","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"7249_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2764","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2022.282389","volume":"108","author":"FK Bruehl","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bruehl FK, Mannion P, Barbato E, Nakashima MO, Cook JR (2023) IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: clinicopathologic features with and without IgM-related disorders. Haematologica 108:2764\u20132773. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3324\/haematol.2022.282389","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"7249_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clml.2012.08.006","volume":"12","author":"SP Treon","year":"2012","unstructured":"Treon SP, Tripsas C, Hanzis C, Ioakimidis L, Patterson CJ, Manning RJ, Sheehy P, Turnbull B, Hunter ZR (2012) Familial disease predisposition impacts treatment outcome in patients with Waldenstr\u00f6m macroglobulinemia. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 12:433\u2013437. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clml.2012.08.006","journal-title":"Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk"},{"key":"7249_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2174","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-01-622068","volume":"125","author":"V Steingr\u00edmsson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Steingr\u00edmsson V, Lund SH, Turesson I, Goldin LR, Bj\u00f6rkholm M, Landgren O, Kristinsson SY (2015) Population-based study on the impact of the familial form of Waldenstr\u00f6m macroglobulinemia on overall survival. Blood 125:2174\u20132175. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2015-01-622068","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"7249_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1038\/196176b0","volume":"196","author":"R MASSARI","year":"1962","unstructured":"MASSARI R, FINE JM, METAIS R (1962) Waldenstrom\u2019s macroglobulinaemia observed in two brothers. Nature 196:176\u2013178. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/196176b0","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"7249_CR17","first-page":"37","volume":"31","author":"F COSTE","year":"1964","unstructured":"COSTE F, MASSIAS P, MENKES C (1964) [A CASE OF MACROGLOBULINEMIA]. Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic 31:37\u201339","journal-title":"Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic"},{"key":"7249_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(67)90149-0","volume":"43","author":"M Seligmann","year":"1967","unstructured":"Seligmann M, Danon F, Mihaesco C, Fudenberg HH (1967) Immunoglobulin abnormalities in families of patients with Waldenstr\u00f6m\u2019s macroglobulinemia. Am J Med 43:66\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0002-9343(67)90149-0","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"7249_CR19","first-page":"479","volume":"5","author":"MW Kalff","year":"1969","unstructured":"Kalff MW, Hijmans W (1969) Immunoglobulin analysis in families of macroglobulinaemia patients. Clin Exp Immunol 5:479\u2013498","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"7249_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1978.tb14874.x","volume":"203","author":"OG Bj\u00f6rnsson","year":"1978","unstructured":"Bj\u00f6rnsson OG, Arnason A, Gudmunosson S, Jensson O, Olafsson S, Valimarsson H (1978) Macroglobulinaemia in an Icelandic family. Acta Med Scand 203:283\u2013288. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1978.tb14874.x","journal-title":"Acta Med Scand"},{"key":"7249_CR21","first-page":"226","volume":"28","author":"P Youinou","year":"1978","unstructured":"Youinou P, le Goff P, Saleun JP, Rivat L, Morin JF, Fauchier C, le Menn G (1978) Familial occurrence of monoclonal gammapathies. Biomedicine 28:226\u2013232","journal-title":"Biomedicine"},{"key":"7249_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-93-6-830","volume":"93","author":"WA Blattner","year":"1980","unstructured":"Blattner WA, Garber JE, Mann DL, McKeen EA, Henson R, McGuire DB, Fisher WB, Bauman AW, Goldin LR, Fraumeni JF Jr (1980) Waldenstr\u00f6m\u2019s macroglobulinemia and autoimmune disease in a family. Ann Intern Med 93:830\u2013832. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/0003-4819-93-6-830","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"7249_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1982.tb01935.x","volume":"211","author":"JM Fine","year":"1982","unstructured":"Fine JM, Lambin P, Massari M, Leroux P (1982) Malignant evolution of asymptomatic monoclonal IgM after seven and fifteen years in two siblings of a patient with Waldenstr\u00f6m\u2019s macroglobulinemia. Acta Med Scand 211:237\u2013239. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1982.tb01935.x","journal-title":"Acta Med Scand"},{"key":"7249_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1986.tb02780.x","volume":"220","author":"JM Fine","year":"1986","unstructured":"Fine JM, Muller JY, Rochu D, Marneux M, Gorin NC, Fine A, Lambin P (1986) Waldenstr\u00f6m\u2019s macroglobulinemia in monozygotic twins. Acta Med Scand 220:369\u2013373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1986.tb02780.x","journal-title":"Acta Med Scand"},{"key":"7249_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1554","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19891001)64:7<1554::aid-cncr2820640734>3.0.co;2-3","volume":"64","author":"G Renier","year":"1989","unstructured":"Renier G, Ifrah N, Chevailler A, Saint-Andre JP, Boasson M, Hurez D (1989) Four brothers with Waldenstrom\u2019s macroglobulinemia. Cancer 64:1554\u20131559. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/1097-0142(19891001)64:7%3C1554::aid-cncr2820640734%3E3.0.co;2-3","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"7249_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.3109\/02841869109092443","volume":"30","author":"N Taleb","year":"1991","unstructured":"Taleb N, Tohme A, Abi Jirgiss D, Kattan J, Salloum E (1991) Familial macroglobulinemia in a Lebanese family with two sisters presenting Waldenstr\u00f6m\u2019s disease. Acta Oncol 30:703\u2013705. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/02841869109092443","journal-title":"Acta Oncol"},{"key":"7249_CR27","first-page":"1363","volume":"7","author":"MS Linet","year":"1993","unstructured":"Linet MS, Humphrey RL, Mehl ES, Brown LM, Pottern LM, Bias WB, McCaffrey L (1993) A case-control and family study of Waldenstrom\u2019s macroglobulinemia. Leukemia 7:1363\u20131369","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"7249_CR28","first-page":"484","volume":"80","author":"P Custodi","year":"1995","unstructured":"Custodi P, Cerutti A, Cassani P, Perazzi C, Ravanini P, Fortina G (1995) Familial occurrence of IgMk gammapathy: no involvement of HCV infection. Haematologica 80:484\u2013485","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"7249_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.3109\/0284186X.2015.1096019","volume":"55","author":"L Brandefors","year":"2016","unstructured":"Brandefors L, Kimby E, Lundqvist K, Melin B, Lindh J (2016) Familial Waldenstrom\u2019s macroglobulinemia and relation to immune defects, autoimmune diseases, and haematological malignancies\u2013A population-based study from northern Sweden. Acta Oncol 55:91\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/0284186X.2015.1096019","journal-title":"Acta Oncol"},{"key":"7249_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19980315)82:6<1078::AID-CNCR10>3.0.CO;2-3","volume":"82","author":"FD Groves","year":"1998","unstructured":"Groves FD, Travis LB, Devesa SS, Ries LA, Fraumeni JF Jr (1998) Waldenstr\u00f6m\u2019s macroglobulinemia: incidence patterns in the United States, 1988\u20131994. Cancer 82:1078\u20131081","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"7249_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.5.2.118","volume":"5","author":"MW Elves","year":"1968","unstructured":"Elves MW, Brown AK (1968) Cytogenetic studies in a family with Waldenstr\u00f6m\u2019s macroglobulinaemia. J Med Genet 5:118\u2013122. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jmg.5.2.118","journal-title":"J Med Genet"},{"key":"7249_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.3816\/clm.2005.n.005","volume":"5","author":"ML McMaster","year":"2005","unstructured":"McMaster ML, Giambarresi T, Vasquez L, Goldstein AM, Tucker MA (2005) Cytogenetics of familial Waldenstrom\u2019s macroglobulinemia: in pursuit of an understanding of genetic predisposition. Clin Lymphoma 5:230\u2013234. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3816\/clm.2005.n.005","journal-title":"Clin Lymphoma"},{"key":"7249_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1966.tb02353.x","volume":"445","author":"M Seligmann","year":"1966","unstructured":"Seligmann M (1966) A genetic predisposition to Waldenstr\u00f6m\u2019s macroglobulinaemia. Acta Med Scand Suppl 445:140\u2013146. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1966.tb02353.x","journal-title":"Acta Med Scand Suppl"},{"key":"7249_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1093\/jncimonographs\/lgu002","volume":"2014","author":"CM Vajdic","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vajdic CM, Landgren O, McMaster ML, Slager SL, Brooks-Wilson A, Smith A, Staines A, Dogan A, Ansell SM, Sampson JN, Morton LM, Linet MS (2014) Medical history, lifestyle, family history, and occupational risk factors for lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma\/Waldenstr\u00f6m\u2019s macroglobulinemia: the InterLymph Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Subtypes Project. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 2014:87\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jncimonographs\/lgu002","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr"},{"key":"7249_CR35","first-page":"208","volume":"33","author":"GA Spengler","year":"1966","unstructured":"Spengler GA, B\u00fctler R, Fischer C, Ryssel HJ, Schmid E, Siebner H (1966) On the question of familial occurrence of paraproteinemia. Helv Med Acta 33:208\u2013219","journal-title":"Helv Med Acta"},{"key":"7249_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.57.5.740","volume":"57","author":"SM Manschot","year":"2000","unstructured":"Manschot SM, Notermans NC, van den Berg LH, Verschuuren JJ, Lokhorst HM (2000) Three families with polyneuropathy associated with monoclonal gammopathy. Arch Neurol 57:740\u2013742. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archneur.57.5.740","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"7249_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2094","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197711)40:5<2094::aid-cncr2820400518>3.0.co;2-5","volume":"40","author":"ZA Zawadzki","year":"1977","unstructured":"Zawadzki ZA, Aizawa Y, Kraj MA, Haradin AR, Fisher B (1977) Familial immunopathies:report of nine families and survey of literature. Cancer 40:2094\u20132101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/1097-0142(197711)40:5%3C2094::aid-cncr2820400518%3E3.0.co;2-5","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"7249_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2918","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-09-306076","volume":"117","author":"S Grass","year":"2011","unstructured":"Grass S, Preuss KD, Wikowicz A, Terpos E, Ziepert M, Nikolaus D, Yang Y, Fadle N, Regitz E, Dimopoulos MA, Treon SP, Hunter ZR, Pfreundschuh M (2011) Hyperphosphorylated paratarg-7: a new molecularly defined risk factor for monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance of the IgM type and Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. Blood 117:2918\u20132923. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2010-09-306076","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"7249_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.22686","volume":"121","author":"KD Preuss","year":"2007","unstructured":"Preuss KD, Held G, Kubuschok B, Hung CZ, Malatsidze N, Wagner M, Pfreundschuh M (2007) Identification of antigenic targets of paraproteins by expression cloning does not support a causal role of chronic antigenic stimulation in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma and MGUS. Int J Cancer 121:459\u2013461. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijc.22686","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"7249_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.24427","volume":"125","author":"KD Preuss","year":"2009","unstructured":"Preuss KD, Pfreundschuh M, Ahlgrimm M, Fadle N, Regitz E, Murawski N, Grass S (2009) A frequent target of paraproteins in the sera of patients with multiple myeloma and MGUS. Int J Cancer 125:656\u2013661. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijc.24427","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"7249_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(09)70234-7","volume":"10","author":"S Grass","year":"2009","unstructured":"Grass S, Preuss KD, Ahlgrimm M, Fadle N, Regitz E, Pfoehler C, Murawski N, Pfreundschuh M (2009) Association of a dominantly inherited hyperphosphorylated paraprotein target with sporadic and familial multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: a case-control study. Lancet Oncol 10:950\u2013956. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1470-2045(09)70234-7","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"7249_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2598","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-11-680199","volume":"127","author":"AM Roccaro","year":"2016","unstructured":"Roccaro AM, Sacco A, Shi J, Chiarini M, Perilla-Glen A, Manier S, Glavey S, Aljawai Y, Mishima Y, Kawano Y, Moschetta M, Correll M, Improgo MR, Brown JR, Imberti L, Rossi G, Castillo JJ, Treon SP, Freedman ML, Van Allen EM, Hide W, Hiller E, Rainville I, Ghobrial IM (2016) Exome sequencing reveals recurrent germ line variants in patients with familial Waldenstr\u00f6m macroglobulinemia. Blood 127:2598\u20132606. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2015-11-680199","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"7249_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3759","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-03-0801","volume":"102","author":"RA Kyle","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kyle RA, Therneau TM, Rajkumar SV, Remstein ED, Offord JR, Larson DR, Plevak MF, Melton LJ 3rd (2003) Long-term follow-up of IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Blood 102:3759\u20133764. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2003-03-0801","journal-title":"Blood"}],"container-title":["Annals of Hematology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00277-026-07249-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00277-026-07249-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00277-026-07249-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T18:03:09Z","timestamp":1792692189000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00277-026-07249-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["7249"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00277-026-07249-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-0584"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-0584","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 August 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 August 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The Ethics Committee of the First People\u2019s Hospital of Yancheng approved this study (approval number: 2023-J-022). The patients provided their written informed consent to participate in this study. Written informed consent was obtained from the individuals for the publication of any potentially identifiable images or data included in this article.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All the authors agreed to publish the results of this study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"475"}}