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The gene <jats:italic>ABCB1<\/jats:italic> encodes the drug transporter P-glycoprotein, which confers resistance through drug extrusion across the cell membrane. Lenalidomide (Len) is excreted mainly via the kidneys, and, given the expression of P-gp in the renal tubuli, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the <jats:italic>ABCB1<\/jats:italic> gene may influence Len plasma concentrations and, subsequently, the outcome of treatment. We, therefore, investigated the influence of <jats:italic>ABCB1<\/jats:italic> genetic variants on Len treatment outcomes and adverse events (AEs).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Ninety patients with relapsed or refractory MM, who received the second-line Len plus dexamethasone in the Rev II trial, were genotyped for the <jats:italic>ABCB1<\/jats:italic> SNPs 1199G&gt;A (Ser400Asn, rs2229109), 1236C&gt;T (silent, rs1128503), 2677G&gt;T\/A (Ala893Ser, rs2032582), and 3435C&gt;T (silent, rs1045642) using pyrosequencing, and correlations to response parameters, outcomes, and AEs were investigated.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>No significant associations were found between genotype and either best response rates or hematological AEs, and 1236C&gt;T, 2677G&gt;T or 3435C&gt;T genotypes had no impact on survival. There was a trend towards increased time to progression (TTP) in patients carrying the 1199A variant, and a significant difference in TTP between genotypes in patients with standard-risk cytogenetics.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Our findings show a limited influence of <jats:italic>ABCB1<\/jats:italic> genotype on lenalidomide treatment efficacy and safety. The results suggest that 1199G&gt;A may be a marker of TTP following Len treatment in standard-risk patients; however, larger studies are needed to validate and clarify the relationship.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-017-3481-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,25]],"date-time":"2017-11-25T07:31:51Z","timestamp":1511595111000},"page":"183-193","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Pharmacogenetic study of the impact of ABCB1 single-nucleotide polymorphisms on lenalidomide treatment outcomes in patients with multiple myeloma: results from a phase IV observational study and subsequent phase II clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"81","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4450-0333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ingrid","family":"Jakobsen Falk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johan","family":"Lund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"Gr\u00e9en","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Astrid","family":"Gruber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Evren","family":"Alici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Birgitta","family":"Lauri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cecilie","family":"Blimark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulf-Henrik","family":"Mellqvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agneta","family":"Swedin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"Forsberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Conny","family":"Carlsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mats","family":"Hardling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Ahlberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kourosh","family":"Lotfi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hareth","family":"Nahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"3481_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2516","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-10-116129","volume":"111","author":"SK Kumar","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kumar SK, Rajkumar SV, Dispenzieri A, Lacy MQ, Hayman SR, Buadi FK, Zeldenrust SR, Dingli D, Russell SJ, Lust JA, Greipp PR, Kyle RA, Gertz MA (2008) Improved survival in multiple myeloma and the impact of novel therapies. 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