{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T03:26:59Z","timestamp":1791862019652,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,20]],"date-time":"2020-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597881600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,20]],"date-time":"2020-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597881600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"University Medical Center Utrecht"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer Chemother Pharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Cisplatin and carboplatin are frequently used drugs in the treatment of pediatric hepatoblastoma. Dosing guidelines for these drugs in children requiring peritoneal dialysis are lacking. Here, we describe the case of a 3-year-old boy with pre-existing end-stage renal disease on peritoneal dialysis, requiring treatment with cisplatin and carboplatin for hepatoblastoma.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Pharmacokinetic data were generated to support clinical dosing decisions, with the aim of adequate exposure and minimal toxicity. In the first chemotherapy cycle, 25% of the standard cisplatin dose and 75% of the carboplatin dose, calculated using the pediatric Calvert formula, were administered. Free platinum concentrations were determined in plasma ultrafiltrate and dialysate samples drawn after administration of cis- and carboplatin.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Cisplatin was well tolerated and the observed AUC of cisplatin were 15.3 and 14.3\u00a0mg\/L\u00a0h in cycles 1 and 3, respectively. The calculated AUC of carboplatin in cycle 1 (9.8\u00a0mg\/mL\u00a0min) exceeded target AUC of 6.5\u00a0mg\/mL\u00a0min and toxicity was observed; therefore, the dose was reduced in cycles 2 and 3. The observed AUC in cycles 2 and 3 was 5.4 and 5.7\u00a0mg\/mL\u00a0min respectively. Platinum concentrations in the dialysate showed that 3\u20134% of the total dose of cisplatin and 10\u201312% of the total dose of carboplatin were excreted via peritoneal dialysis. Chemotherapy enabled extended hemihepatectomy and complete remission was achieved.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This report shows that it is feasible to measure AUCs for both drugs and to individualize the dose of these drugs according to the PK results and clinical parameters. Our advice for future cases would be to calculate the starting dose of carboplatin using the (pediatric) Calvert formula, assuming a dialytic clearance of zero, and to adjust the dose if required, based on therapeutic drug monitoring.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-020-04130-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,20]],"date-time":"2020-08-20T11:02:45Z","timestamp":1597921365000},"page":"445-449","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Cisplatin and carboplatin pharmacokinetics in a pediatric patient with hepatoblastoma receiving peritoneal dialysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"86","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3448-7665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. Laura","family":"Nijstad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0526-3737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natasha K. A.","family":"van Eijkelenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathelijne C. J. M.","family":"Kraal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marieke J. M.","family":"Meijs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clara T. M. M.","family":"de Kanter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8956-0324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc R.","family":"Lilien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1939-4639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alwin D. R.","family":"Huitema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"4130_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0000000000000081","volume":"26","author":"N Kremer","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kremer N, Walther AE, Tiao GM (2014) Management of hepatoblastoma: an update. Curr Opin Pediatr 26:362\u2013369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MOP.0000000000000081","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pediatr"},{"key":"4130_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1996.135","volume":"73","author":"MW English","year":"1996","unstructured":"English MW, Lowis SP, Peng B et al (1996) Pharmacokinetically guided dosing of carboplatin and etoposide during peritoneal dialysis and haemodialysis. Br J Cancer 73:776\u2013780","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"4130_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-007-0671-9","volume":"62","author":"JB Heijns","year":"2008","unstructured":"Heijns JB, van der Burg MEL, van Gelder T et al (2008) Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: pharmacokinetics and clinical outcome of paclitaxel and carboplatin treatment. 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Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 150:102947. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2020.102947","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oncol Hematol"},{"key":"4130_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2314","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1993.11.12.2314","volume":"11","author":"DR Newell","year":"1993","unstructured":"Newell DR, Pearson AD, Balmanno K et al (1993) Carboplatin pharmacokinetics in children: the development of a pediatric dosing formula. The United Kingdom Children\u2019s Cancer Study Group. J Clin Oncol 11:2314\u20132323","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"4130_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1748","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1989.7.11.1748","volume":"7","author":"AH Calvert","year":"1989","unstructured":"Calvert AH, Newell DR, Gumbrell LA et al (1989) Carboplatin dosage: prospective evaluation of a simple formula based on renal function. 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