{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T04:06:18Z","timestamp":1791173178195,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,5]],"date-time":"2005-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1104883200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Springer Semin Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-004-0191-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,4]],"date-time":"2005-01-04T08:37:51Z","timestamp":1104827871000},"page":"485-503","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Antibodies as defensive enzymes"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Sudhir","family":"Paul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuhiro","family":"Nishiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Planque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sangeeta","family":"Karle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Taguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carl","family":"Hanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc E.","family":"Weksler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"CR1","unstructured":"Abderhalden E (1912) Die Schutzfermente. Springer, Berlin"},{"key":"CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ames PR, Alves J, Murat I, et al (1999) Oxidative stress in systemic lupus erythematosus and allied conditions with vascular involvement. Rheumatology 38:529","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/38.6.529"},{"key":"CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bangale Y, Cavill D, Gordon T, et al (2002) Vasoactive intestinal peptide binding autoantibodies in autoimmune humans and mice. Peptides 23:2251","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-9781(02)00265-6"},{"key":"CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bangale Y, Karle S, Zhou Y-X, et al (2003) VIPase autoantibodies in Fas-defective mice and patients with autoimmune disease. FASEB J 17:628","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.02-0475com"},{"key":"CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Berberian L, Goodglick L, Kipps TJ, et al (1993) Immunoglobulin VH3 gene products: natural ligands for HIV gp120. Science 261:1588","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7690497"},{"key":"CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bernoud-Hubac N, Roberts J (2002) Identification of oxidized derivatives of neuroketals. Biochemistry 41:11466","DOI":"10.1021\/bi0257383"},{"key":"CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Biro A, Sarmay G, Rozsnyay Z, et al (1992) A trypsin-like serine protease activity on activated human B cells and various B cell lines. Eur J Immunol 22:2547","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830221013"},{"key":"CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brorson JR, Bindokas VP, Iwama T, et al (1995) The Ca2+ influx induced by beta-amyloid peptide 25?35 in cultured hippocampal neurons results from network excitation. J Neurobiol 26:325","DOI":"10.1002\/neu.480260305"},{"key":"CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Casali P, Notkins AL (1989) CD5+ B lymphocytes, polyreactive antibodies and the human B-cell repertoire. Immunol Today 10:364","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(89)90268-5"},{"key":"CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chavin SI, Franklin EC (1969) Studies on antigen-binding activity of macroglobulin antibody subunits and their enzymatic fragments. J Biol Chem 244:1345","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)91849-1"},{"key":"CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen TY, Huang CC, Tsao CJ (1993) Hemostatic molecular markers in nephrotic syndrome. Am J Hematol 44:276","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.2830440411"},{"key":"CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Crabb JW, O?Neil J, Miyagi M, et al (2002) Hydroxynonenal inactivates cathepsin B by forming Michael adducts with active site residues. Protein Sci 11:831","DOI":"10.1110\/ps.4400102"},{"key":"CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deichmann U, Muller-Hill B (1998) The fraud of Abderhalden?s enzymes. Nature 393:109","DOI":"10.1038\/30090"},{"key":"CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"DeMattos RB, Bales KR, Cummins DJ, et al (2001) Peripheral anti-A beta antibody alters CNS and plasma A beta clearance and decreases brain A beta burden in a mouse model of Alzheimer?s disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98:885","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.151261398"},{"key":"CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dodel RC, Du Y, Depboylu C, et al (2004) Intravenous immunoglobulins containing antibodies against beta-amyloid for the treatment of Alzheimer?s disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 75:1472","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2003.033399"},{"key":"CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Erhan S, Greller LD (1974) Do immunoglobulins have proteolytic activity? Nature 251:353","DOI":"10.1038\/251353a0"},{"key":"CR17","unstructured":"Fersht A (1985) Enzyme structure and mechanism. Freeman, New York"},{"key":"CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gao Q-S, Sun M, Rees A, et al (1995) Site-directed mutagenesis of proteolytic antibody light chain. J Mol Biol 253:658","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1995.0580"},{"key":"CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gaskin F, Finley J, Fang Q, et al (1993) Human antibodies reactive with beta-amyloid protein in Alzheimer?s disease. J Exp Med 177:1181","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.177.4.1181"},{"key":"CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gololobov G, Sun M, Paul S (1999) Innate antibody catalysis. Mol Immunol 36:1215","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-5890(99)00141-8"},{"key":"CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goodglick L, Zevit N, Neshat MS, et al (1995) Mapping the Ig superantigen-binding site of HIV-1 gp120. J Immunol 155:5151","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.155.11.5151"},{"key":"CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grabar P (1975) Hypothesis. Auto-antibodies and immunological theories: an analytical review. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 4:453","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-1229(75)90087-2"},{"key":"CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hasegawa M, Fujimoto M, Poe JC, et al (2001) A CD19-dependent signaling pathway regulates autoimmunity in lyn-deficient mice. J Immunol 167:2469","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.5.2469"},{"key":"CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hasegawa M, Fujimoto M, Poe JC, et al (2001) CD19 can regulate B lymphocyte signal transduction independent of complement activation. J Immunol 167:3190","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.6.3190"},{"key":"CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hyman BT, Smith C, Buldyrev I, et al (2001) Autoantibodies to amyloid-beta and Alzheimer?s disease. Ann Neurol 49:808","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.1061"},{"key":"CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Inoue M, Hiratake J, Suzuki H, et al (2000) Identification of catalytic nucleophile of Escherichia coli gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase by gamma-monofluorophosphono derivative of glutamic acid: N-terminal thr-391 in small subunit is the nucleophile. Biochemistry 39:7764","DOI":"10.1021\/bi000220p"},{"key":"CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jeannin P, Lecoanet-Henchoz S, Delneste Y, et al (1998) Alpha-1 antitrypsin up-regulates human B cell differentiation selectively into IgE- and IgG4- secreting cells. Eur J Immunol 28:1815","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-4141(199806)28:06<1815::AID-IMMU1815>3.0.CO;2-5"},{"key":"CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jia Y, Kappock TJ, Frick T, et al (2000) Lipases provide a new mechanistic model for polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) synthases: characterization of the functional residues in Chromatium vinosum PHB synthase. Biochemistry 39:3927","DOI":"10.1021\/bi9928086"},{"key":"CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kalaga R, Li L, O?Dell J, et al (1995) Unexpected presence of polyreactive catalytic antibodies in IgG from unimmunized donors and decreased levels in rheumatoid arthritis. J Immunol 155:2695","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.155.5.2695"},{"key":"CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karray S, Zouali M (1997) Identification of the B cell superantigen-binding site of HIV-1 gp120. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:1356","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.4.1356"},{"key":"CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaul M, Lipton SA (1999) Chemokines and activated macrophages in HIV gp120-induced neuronal apoptosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96:8212","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.14.8212"},{"key":"CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kohen F, Kim JB, Linder HR, et al (1980) Monoclonal immunoglobulin G augments hydrolysis of an ester of the homologous hapten: An esterase-like activity of the antibody-containing site. FEBS Lett 111:427","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(80)80842-8"},{"key":"CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ku GS, Quigley JP, Sultzer BM (1981) Time-dependent inhibition of tuberculin-induced lymphocyte DNA synthesis by a serine protease inhibitor. J Immunol 126:2209","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.126.6.2209"},{"key":"CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ku GS, Quigley JP, Sultzer BM (1983) The inhibition of the mitogenic stimulation of B lymphocytes by a serine protease inhibitor: commitment to proliferation correlates with an enhanced expression of a cell-associated arginine-specific serine enzyme. J Immunol 131:2494","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.131.5.2494"},{"key":"CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kwong PD, Wyatt R, Robinson J, et al (1998) Structure of an HIV gp120 envelope glycoprotein in complex with the CD4 receptor and a neutralizing human antibody. Nature 393:648","DOI":"10.1038\/31405"},{"key":"CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lacroix-Desmazes S, Moreau A, Sooryanarayana, et al (1999) Catalytic activity of antibodies against factor VIII in patients with hemophilia A. Nat Med 5:1044","DOI":"10.1038\/12483"},{"key":"CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lefevre S, Debat H, Thomas D, et al (2001) A suicide-substrate mechanism for hydrolysis of beta-lactams by an anti-idiotypic catalytic antibody. FEBS Lett 489:25","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(01)02075-0"},{"key":"CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li L, Kaveri S, Tyutyulkova S, et al (1995) Catalytic activity of anti-thyroglobulin antibodies. J Immunol 154:3328","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.154.7.3328"},{"key":"CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu R, McAllister C, Lyubchenko Y, et al (2004) Proteolytic antibody light chains alter beta-amyloid aggregation and prevent cytotoxicity. Biochemistry 43:9999","DOI":"10.1021\/bi0492354"},{"key":"CR40","unstructured":"Lucey MD, Newkirk MM, Neville C, et al (2000) Association between IgM response to IgG damaged by glyoxidation and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 27:319"},{"key":"CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lue LF, Walker DG (2002) Modeling Alzheimer?s disease immune therapy mechanisms: interactions of human postmortem microglia with antibody-opsonized amyloid beta peptide. J Neurosci Res 70:599","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.10422"},{"key":"CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matsuura K, Sinohara H (1996) Catalytic cleavage of vasopressin by human Bence Jones proteins at the arginylglycinamide bond. Biol Chem 377:587","DOI":"10.1515\/bchm3.1996.377.9.587"},{"key":"CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matsuura K, Yamamoto K, Sinohara H (1994) Amidase activity of human Bence Jones proteins. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 204:57","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1994.2425"},{"key":"CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mitsuda Y, Hifumi E, Tsuruhata K, et al (2004) Catalytic antibody light chain capable of cleaving a chemokine receptor CCR-5 peptide with a high reaction rate constant. Biotechnol Bioeng 86:217","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.20031"},{"key":"CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mizuguchi J, Utsunomiya N, Nakanishi M, et al (1989) Differential sensitivity of anti-IgM-induced and NaF-induced inositol phospholipid metabolism to serine protease inhibitors in BAL17 B lymphoma cells. Biochem J 263:641","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2630641"},{"key":"CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morelock MM, Rothlein R, Bright SM, et al (1994) Isotype choice for chimeric antibodies affects binding properties. J Biol Chem 269:13048","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)99982-5"},{"key":"CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nath A, Hall E, Tuzova M, et al (2003) Autoantibodies to amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta) are increased in Alzheimer?s disease patients and Abeta antibodies can enhance Abeta neurotoxicity: implications for disease pathogenesis and vaccine development. Neuromolecular Med 3:29","DOI":"10.1385\/NMM:3:1:29"},{"key":"CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nevinsky GA, Buneva VN (2003) Catalytic antibodies in healthy humans and patients with autoimmune and viral diseases. J Cell Mol Med 7:265","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2003.tb00227.x"},{"key":"CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nevinsky GA, Kit YYa, Semenov DV, et al (1998) Secretory immunoglobulin A from human milk catalyzes milk protein phosphorylation. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 75:77","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02787710"},{"key":"CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nishiyama Y, Bhatia G, Bangale Y, et al (2004) Towards selective covalent inactivation of pathogenic antibodies: a phosphonate diester analog of vasoactive intestinal peptide that inactivates catalytic autoantibodies. J Biol Chem 279:7877","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M310950200"},{"key":"CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"O?Keefe TL, Williams GT, Batista FD, et al (1999) Deficiency in CD22, a B cell-specific inhibitory receptor, is sufficient to predispose to development of high affinity autoantibodies. J Exp Med 189:1307","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.189.8.1307"},{"key":"CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oleksyszyn J, Powers JC (1994) Amino acid and peptide phosphonate derivatives as specific inhibitors of serine peptidases. Methods Enzymol 244:423","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(94)44032-8"},{"key":"CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Olshevsky U, Helseth E, Furman C, et al (1990) Identification of individual human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 amino acids important for CD4 receptor binding. J Virol 64:5701","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.64.12.5701-5707.1990"},{"key":"CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paul S (1996) Natural catalytic antibodies. Mol Biotechnol 5:197","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02900358"},{"key":"CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paul S, Karle S, Planque S, et al (2004) Naturally occurring proteolytic antibodies: selective IgM-catalyzed hydrolysis of HIV gp120. J Biol Chem 279:39611","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M406719200"},{"key":"CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paul S, Li L, Kalaga R, et al (1995) Natural catalytic antibodies: peptide hydrolyzing activities of Bence Jones proteins and VL fragment. J Biol Chem 270:15257","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.25.15257"},{"key":"CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paul S, Planque S, Zhou Y-X, et al (2003) Specific HIV gp120 cleaving antibodies induced by covalently reactive analog of gp120. J Biol Chem 278:20429","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M300870200"},{"key":"CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paul S, Tramontano A, Gololobov G, et al (2001) Phosphonate ester probes for proteolytic antibodies. J Biol Chem 276:28314","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M102530200"},{"key":"CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paul S, Volle DJ, Beach CM, et al (1989) Catalytic hydrolysis of vasoactive intestinal peptide by human autoantibody. Science 244:1158","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2727702"},{"key":"CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Planque S, Bangale Y, Song X-T, et al (2004) Ontogeny of proteolytic immunity: IgM serine proteases. J Biol Chem 279:14024","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M312152200"},{"key":"CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Planque S, Taguchi H, Burr G, et al (2003) Broadly distributed chemical reactivity of natural antibodies expressed in coordination with specific antigen binding activity. J Biol Chem 278:20436","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M301468200"},{"key":"CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pollard S, Meier W, Chow P, et al (1991) CD4-binding regions of human immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein gp120 defined by proteolytic digestion. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88:11320","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.24.11320"},{"key":"CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rangan SK, Liu R, Brune D, et al (2003) Degradation of ?-amyloid by proteolytic antibody light chains. Biochemistry 42:14328","DOI":"10.1021\/bi035038d"},{"key":"CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rao G, Philipp M (1991) Irreversible inhibition of a monoclonal antibody by a nitrophenyl ester. J Protein Chem 10:117","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01024661"},{"key":"CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Raso V, Stollar BD (1975) The antibody-enzyme analogy. Comparison of enzymes and antibodies specific for phosphopyridoxyltyrosine. Biochemistry 14:591","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00674a020"},{"key":"CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Richieri SP, Bartholomew R, Aloia RC, et al (1998) Characterization of highly purified, inactivated HIV-1 particles isolated by anion exchange chromatography. Vaccine 16:119","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(97)00196-5"},{"key":"CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saveliev AN, Ivanen DR, Kulminskaya AA, et al (2003) Amylolytic activity of IgM and IgG antibodies from patients with multiple sclerosis. Immunol Lett 86:291","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2478(03)00042-7"},{"key":"CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shuster AM, Gololobov GV, Kvashuk OA, et al (1992) DNA hydrolyzing autoantibodies. Science 256:665","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1585181"},{"key":"CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sigurdsson EM, Knudsen E, Asuni A, et al (2004) An attenuated immune response is sufficient to enhance cognition in an Alzheimer?s disease mouse model immunized with amyloid-beta derivatives. J Neurosci 24:6277","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1344-04.2004"},{"key":"CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Siliciano RF (1996) The role of CD4 in HIV envelope-mediated pathogenesis. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 205:159","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-79798-9_8"},{"key":"CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun M, Gao QS, Kirnarskiy L, et al (1997) Cleavage specificity of a proteolytic antibody light chain and effects of the heavy chain variable domain. J Mol Biol 271:374","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1997.1196"},{"key":"CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Taguchi H, Burr G, Karle S, et al (2002) A mechanism-based probe for gp120-hydrolyzing antibodies. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 12:3167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-894X(02)00640-6"},{"key":"CR73","unstructured":"Taguchi H, Planque S, Nishiyama Y, et al (2004) Catalytic hydrolysis of amyloid ?-peptide (A?) by human antibodies. 9th International Conference on Alzheimer?s Disease and Related Disorders, July 2004, Philadelphia, PA. Abstract P4-331"},{"key":"CR74","unstructured":"Taguchi H, Planque S, Nishiyama Y, et al (2004) IgM defense enzymes directed to amyloid ? peptide. 9th International Conference on Alzheimer?s Disease and Related Disorders. July 2004, Philadelphia, PA. Abstract P3-418"},{"key":"CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Townsley-Fuchs J, Kam L, Fairhurst R, et al (1996) Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) gp120 superantigen-binding serum antibodies. A host factor in homosexual HIV-1 transmission. J Clin Invest 98:1794","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118979"},{"key":"CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tramontano A, Gololobov G, Paul S (2000) Proteolytic antibodies: origins, selection and induction. In: Paul S (ed) Chemical Immunology: catalytic antibodies, vol 77. Karger, Basel, pp 1?17","DOI":"10.1159\/000058794"},{"key":"CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tramontano A, Janda KD, Lerner RA (1986) Catalytic antibodies. Science 234:1566","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3787261"},{"key":"CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tyutyulkova S, Gao Q-S, Thompson A, et al (1996) Efficient vasoactive intestinal polypeptide hydrolyzing antibody light chains selected from an asthma patient by phage display. Biochim Biophys Acta 1316:217","DOI":"10.1016\/0925-4439(96)00028-2"},{"key":"CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Van Erp R, Gribnau TC, Sommeren AP van, et al (1991) Affinity of monoclonal antibodies. Interpretation of the positive cooperative nature of anti-hCG\/hCG interactions. J Immunol Methods 140:235","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(91)90376-Q"},{"key":"CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vocadlo DJ, Davies GJ, Laine R, et al (2001) Catalysis by hen egg-white lysozyme proceeds via a covalent intermediate. Nature 412:835","DOI":"10.1038\/35090602"},{"key":"CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wagner J, Lerner RA, Barbas CF 3rd (1995) Efficient aldolase catalytic antibodies that use the enamine mechanism of natural enzymes. Science 270:1797","DOI":"10.1126\/science.270.5243.1797"},{"key":"CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Walter J, Bode W (1983) The X-ray crystal structure analysis of the refined complex formed by bovine trypsin and p-amidinophenylpyruvate at 1.4 A resolution. Hoppe-Seyler?s Z Physiol Chem 364:S949","DOI":"10.1515\/bchm2.1983.364.2.949"},{"key":"CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Watson JN, Dookhun V, Borgford TJ, et al (2003) Mutagenesis of the conserved active-site tyrosine changes a retaining sialidase into an inverting sialidase. Biochemistry 42:12682","DOI":"10.1021\/bi035396g"},{"key":"CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weksler ME, Relkin N, Turkenich R, et al (2002) Patients with Alzheimer disease have lower levels of serum anti-amyloid peptide antibodies than healthy elderly individuals. Exp Gerontol 37:943","DOI":"10.1016\/S0531-5565(02)00029-3"},{"key":"CR85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wentworth P, Jones LH, Wentworth AD, et al (2001) Antibody catalysis of the oxidation of water. Science 293:1806","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1062722"}],"container-title":["Springer Seminars in Immunopathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00281-004-0191-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00281-004-0191-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00281-004-0191-1","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T10:56:22Z","timestamp":1682938582000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00281-004-0191-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,5]]},"references-count":85,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,3]]}},"alternative-id":["191"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00281-004-0191-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0344-4325","1432-2196"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0344-4325","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-2196","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,5]]}}}