{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T17:08:18Z","timestamp":1791047298463,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,22]],"date-time":"2012-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1342915200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Semin Immunopathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-012-0330-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,21]],"date-time":"2012-07-21T07:42:59Z","timestamp":1342856579000},"page":"111-120","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis C: from bench to bedside"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Alessio","family":"Aghemo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Colombo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"330_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(05)70216-4","volume":"5","author":"CW Shepard","year":"2005","unstructured":"Shepard CW, Finelli L, Alter MJ (2005) Global epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection. Lancet Infect Dis 5(9):558\u2013567","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"330_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21176","volume":"43","author":"A Sangiovanni","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sangiovanni A, Prati GM, Fasani P, Ronchi G, Romeo R, Manini M, Del Ninno E, Morabito A, Colombo M (2006) The natural history of compensated cirrhosis due to hepatitis C virus: a 17-year cohort study of 214 patients. Hepatology 43(6):1303\u20131310","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"330_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.9033","volume":"32","author":"MP Bralet","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bralet MP, R\u00e9gimbeau JM, Pineau P et al (2000) Hepatocellular carcinoma occurring in nonfibrotic liver: epidemiologic and histopathologic analysis of 80 French cases. Hepatology 32:200\u2013204","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"5 Suppl 1","key":"330_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S27","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.013","volume":"127","author":"HB El-Serag","year":"2004","unstructured":"El-Serag HB (2004) Hepatocellular carcinoma: recent trends in the United States. Gastroenterology 127(5 Suppl 1):S27\u2013S34","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"4","key":"330_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.12.032","volume":"140","author":"F Kanwal","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kanwal F, Hoang T, Kramer JR et al (2011) Increasing prevalence of HCC and cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Gastroenterology 140(4):1182\u20131188","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1","key":"330_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22312","volume":"48","author":"C Bosetti","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bosetti C, Levi F, Boffetta P, Lucchini F, Negri E, La Vecchia C (2008) Trends in mortality from hepatocellular carcinoma in Europe, 1980\u20132004. Hepatology 48(1):137\u2013145","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"330_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2004.12.009","volume":"9","author":"FX Bosch","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bosch FX, Ribes J, Cl\u00e9ries R et al (2005) Epidemiology of hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Liver Dis 9:191\u2013211","journal-title":"Clin Liver Dis"},{"issue":"5 Suppl 1","key":"330_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.011","volume":"127","author":"FX Bosch","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bosch FX, Ribes J, D\u00edaz M, Cl\u00e9ries R (2004) Primary liver cancer: worldwide incidence and trends. Gastroenterology 127(5 Suppl 1):S5\u2013S16","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"5 Suppl 1","key":"330_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S35","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.014","volume":"127","author":"G Fattovich","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fattovich G, Stroffolini T, Zagni I, Donato F (2004) Hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: incidence and risk factors. Gastroenterology 127(5 Suppl 1):S35\u2013S50","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"5","key":"330_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2003.020263","volume":"53","author":"L Benvegn\u00f9","year":"2004","unstructured":"Benvegn\u00f9 L, Gios M, Boccato S, Alberti A (2004) Natural history of compensated viral cirrhosis: a prospective study on the incidence and hierarchy of major complications. Gut 53(5):744\u2013749","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"330_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15584","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.242608099","volume":"99","author":"Y Tanaka","year":"2002","unstructured":"Tanaka Y, Hanada K, Mizokami M et al (2002) A comparison of the molecular clock of hepatitis C virus in the United States and Japan predicts that hepatocellular carcinoma incidence in the United States will increase over the next two decades. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99:15584\u201315589","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"330_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Umemura T, Ichijo T, Yoshizawa K et al (2009) Epidemiology of hepatocellular carcinoma in Japan. J Gastroenterol 44(suppl 19):102\u2013107","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-008-2251-0"},{"issue":"10 Suppl 2","key":"330_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S82","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-3565(05)00705-6","volume":"3","author":"M Mizokami","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mizokami M, Tanaka Y (2005) Tracing the evolution of hepatitis C virus in the United States, Japan, and Egypt by using the molecular clock. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 3(10 Suppl 2):S82\u2013S85","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"330_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.09.067","volume":"138","author":"GL Davis","year":"2010","unstructured":"Davis GL, Alter MJ, El-Serag H, Poynard T, Jennings LW (2010) Aging of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected persons in the United States: a multiple cohort model of HCV prevalence and disease progression. Gastroenterology 138(2):513\u2013521","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"27","key":"330_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3834","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1209562","volume":"25","author":"M Levrero","year":"2006","unstructured":"Levrero M (2006) Viral hepatitis and liver cancer: the case of hepatitis C. Oncogene 25(27):3834\u20133847","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"issue":"17","key":"330_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1969","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2010.594","volume":"30","author":"DR McGivern","year":"2011","unstructured":"McGivern DR, Lemon SM (2011) Virus-specific mechanisms of carcinogenesis in hepatitis C virus associated liver cancer. Oncogene 30(17):1969\u20131983","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"issue":"1","key":"330_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.09.014","volume":"136","author":"AS Lok","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lok AS, Seeff LB, Morgan TR, di Bisceglie AM, Sterling RK, Curto TM, Everson GT, Lindsay KL, Lee WM, Bonkovsky HL, Dienstag JL, Ghany MG, Morishima C, Goodman ZD, HALT-C Trial Group (2009) Incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma and associated risk factors in hepatitis C-related advanced liver disease. Gastroenterology 136(1):138\u2013148","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"5","key":"330_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.15.578","volume":"15","author":"A Teufel","year":"2009","unstructured":"Teufel A, Weinmann A, Centner C, Piendl A, Lohse AW, Galle PR, Kanzler S (2009) Hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with autoimmune hepatitis. World J Gastroenterol 15(5):578\u2013582","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"6","key":"330_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2009.01.019","volume":"50","author":"S Raimondi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Raimondi S, Bruno S, Mondelli MU, Maisonneuve P (2009) Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b as a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma development: a meta-analysis. J Hepatol 50(6):1142\u20131154","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"330_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2009.08.004","volume":"51","author":"M Houghton","year":"2009","unstructured":"Houghton M (2009) The long and winding road leading to the identification of the hepatitis C virus. J Hepatol 51(5):939\u2013948","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"15","key":"330_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7453","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.76.15.7453-7459.2002","volume":"76","author":"KD Tardif","year":"2002","unstructured":"Tardif KD, Mori K, Siddiqui A (2002) Hepatitis C virus subgenomic replicons induce endoplasmic reticulum stress activating an intracellular signaling pathway. J Virol 76(15):7453\u20137459","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"9","key":"330_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1038\/2053","volume":"4","author":"K Moriya","year":"1998","unstructured":"Moriya K, Fujie H, Shintani Y, Yotsuyanagi H, Tsutsumi T, Ishibashi K, Matsuura Y, Kimura S, Miyamura T, Koike K (1998) The core protein of hepatitis C virus induces hepatocellular carcinoma in transgenic mice. Nat Med 4(9):1065\u20131067","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"Pt 8","key":"330_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2185","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.80969-0","volume":"86","author":"T Naas","year":"2005","unstructured":"Naas T, Ghorbani M, Alvarez-Maya I, Lapner M, Kothary R, De Repentigny Y, Gomes S, Babiuk L, Giulivi A, Soare C, Azizi A, Diaz-Mitoma F (2005) Characterization of liver histopathology in a transgenic mouse model expressing genotype 1a hepatitis C virus core and envelope proteins 1 and 2. J Gen Virol 86(Pt 8):2185\u20132196","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"issue":"2","key":"330_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.31001","volume":"122","author":"H Lerat","year":"2002","unstructured":"Lerat H, Honda M, Beard MR, Loesch K, Sun J, Yang Y, Okuda M, Gosert R, Xiao SY, Weinman SA, Lemon SM (2002) Steatosis and liver cancer in transgenic mice expressing the structural and nonstructural proteins of hepatitis C virus. Gastroenterology 122(2):352\u2013365","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"5","key":"330_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1548","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0807390106","volume":"106","author":"K Machida","year":"2009","unstructured":"Machida K, Tsukamoto H, Mkrtchyan H et al (2009) Toll-like receptor 4 mediates synergism between alcohol and HCV in hepatic oncogenesis involving stem cell marker Nanog. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106(5):1548\u20131553","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"8","key":"330_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199908193410802","volume":"341","author":"MJ Alter","year":"1999","unstructured":"Alter MJ, Kruszon-Moran D, Nainan OV et al (1999) The prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in the United States, 1988 through 1994. N Engl J Med 341(8):556\u2013562","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"330_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2005.04.007","volume":"43","author":"M Wiese","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wiese M, Gr\u00fcngreiff K, G\u00fcthoff W et al (2005) Outcome in a hepatitis C (genotype 1b) single source outbreak in Germany\u2014a 25-year multicenter study. J Hepatol 43(4):590\u2013598","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"330_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199909163411202","volume":"341","author":"M Vogt","year":"1999","unstructured":"Vogt M, Lang T, Fr\u00f6sner G et al (1999) Prevalence and clinical outcome of hepatitis C infection in children who underwent cardiac surgery before the implementation of blood-donor screening. N Engl J Med 341(12):866\u2013870","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"330_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2004.048009","volume":"54","author":"MG Rumi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rumi MG, De Filippi F, La Vecchia C et al (2005) Hepatitis C reactivation in patients with chronic infection with genotypes 1b and 2c: a retrospective cohort study of 206 untreated patients. Gut 54(3):402\u2013406","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"4","key":"330_CR30","first-page":"790","volume":"53","author":"MW Yu","year":"1993","unstructured":"Yu MW, Chen CJ (1993) Elevated serum testosterone levels and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Res 53(4):790\u2013794","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"5834","key":"330_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1140485","volume":"317","author":"WE Naugler","year":"2007","unstructured":"Naugler WE, Sakurai T, Kim S et al (2007) Gender disparity in liver cancer due to sex differences in MyD88-dependent IL-6 production. Science 317(5834):121\u2013124","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"330_CR32","first-page":"61","volume":"25","author":"MR Brunetto","year":"1995","unstructured":"Brunetto MR, Oliveri F, Colombatto P, Bonino F (1995) Hepatocellular carcinoma and infections with multiple hepatitis viruses. Princess Takamatsu Symp 25:61\u201366","journal-title":"Princess Takamatsu Symp"},{"issue":"6","key":"330_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1097\/COH.0b013e32834bd2b7","volume":"6","author":"M Puoti","year":"2011","unstructured":"Puoti M, Rossotti R, Garlaschelli A, Bruno R (2011) Hepatocellular carcinoma in HIV hepatitis C virus. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 6(6):534\u2013538","journal-title":"Curr Opin HIV AIDS"},{"issue":"1","key":"330_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2003.10.048","volume":"126","author":"T Pollicino","year":"2004","unstructured":"Pollicino T, Squadrito G, Cerenzia G et al (2004) Hepatitis B virus maintains its pro-oncogenic properties in the case of occult HBV infection. Gastroenterology 126(1):102\u2013110","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"2","key":"330_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510260233","volume":"26","author":"F Roudot-Thoraval","year":"1997","unstructured":"Roudot-Thoraval F, Bastie A, Pawlotsky JM, Dhumeaux D (1997) Epidemiological factors affecting the severity of hepatitis C virus-related liver disease: a French survey of 6,664 patients. The Study Group for the Prevalence and the Epidemiology of Hepatitis C Virus. Hepatology 26(2):485\u2013490","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"330_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0802-339","volume":"31","author":"SS Thorgeirsson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Thorgeirsson SS, Grisham JW (2002) Molecular pathogenesis of human hepatocellular carcinoma. Nat Genet 31(4):339\u2013346","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"330_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1247134","volume":"30","author":"S Imbeaud","year":"2010","unstructured":"Imbeaud S, Ladeiro Y, Zucman-Rossi J (2010) Identification of novel oncogenes and tumor suppressors in hepatocellular carcinoma. Semin Liver Dis 30(1):75\u201386","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"330_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1934","volume":"6","author":"PA Farazi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Farazi PA, DePinho RA (2006) Hepatocellular carcinoma pathogenesis: from genes to environment. Nat Rev Cancer 6(9):674\u2013687","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"330_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1276646","volume":"31","author":"JC Nault","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nault JC, Zucman-Rossi J (2011) Genetics of hepatobiliary carcinogenesis. Semin Liver Dis 31(2):173\u2013187","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"330_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2001.24798","volume":"120","author":"P Laurent-Puig","year":"2001","unstructured":"Laurent-Puig P, Legoix P, Bluteau O et al (2001) Genetic alterations associated with hepatocellular carcinomas define distinct pathways of hepatocarcinogenesis. Gastroenterology 120(7):1763\u20131773","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1","key":"330_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21467","volume":"45","author":"S Boyault","year":"2007","unstructured":"Boyault S, Rickman DS, de Reyni\u00e8s A et al (2007) Transcriptome classification of HCC is related to gene alterations and to new therapeutic targets. Hepatology 45(1):42\u201352","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"19","key":"330_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4688","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-09-1811","volume":"16","author":"A Villanueva","year":"2010","unstructured":"Villanueva A, Hoshida Y, Toffanin S, Lachenmayer A et al (2010) New strategies in hepatocellular carcinoma: genomic prognostic markers. Clin Cancer Res 16(19):4688\u20134694","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"330_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1618","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.02.009","volume":"140","author":"S Toffanin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Toffanin S, Hoshida Y, Lachenmayer A et al (2011) MicroRNA-based classification of hepatocellular carcinoma and oncogenic role of miR-517a. Gastroenterology 140(5):1618\u20131628","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"6","key":"330_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2112","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24313","volume":"53","author":"K Breuhahn","year":"2011","unstructured":"Breuhahn K, Gores G, Schirmacher P (2011) Strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy and diagnostics: lessons learned from high throughput and profiling approaches. Hepatology 53(6):2112\u20132121","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"330_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S361","DOI":"10.1016\/S1590-8658(11)60592-6","volume":"43","author":"M Roncalli","year":"2011","unstructured":"Roncalli M, Terracciano L, Di Tommaso L et al (2011) Liver precancerous lesions and hepatocellular carcinoma: the histology report. Dig Liver Dis 43(Suppl 4):S361\u2013S372","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"330_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1704","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290604","volume":"29","author":"P Fasani","year":"1999","unstructured":"Fasani P, Sangiovanni A, De Fazio C et al (1999) High prevalence of multinodular hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis attributable to multiple risk factors. Hepatology 29(6):1704\u20131707","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"330_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290145","volume":"29","author":"JM Llovet","year":"1999","unstructured":"Llovet JM, Bustamante J, Castells A et al (1999) Natural history of untreated nonsurgical hepatocellular carcinoma: rationale for the design and evaluation of therapeutic trials. Hepatology 29(1):62\u201367","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"330_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510250116","volume":"25","author":"T Kumada","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kumada T, Nakano S, Takeda I et al (1997) Patterns of recurrence after initial treatment in patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 25(1):87\u201392","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"330_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(01)00130-1","volume":"35","author":"J Bruix","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bruix J, Sherman M, Llovet JM et al (2001) Clinical management of hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusions of the Barcelona-2000 EASL conference. European Association for the Study of the Liver. J Hepatol 35(3):421\u2013430","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"330_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1758","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2006.09.014","volume":"131","author":"JM Llovet","year":"2006","unstructured":"Llovet JM, Chen Y, Wurmbach E et al (2006) A molecular signature to discriminate dysplastic nodules from early hepatocellular carcinoma in HCV cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 131(6):1758\u20131767","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1","key":"330_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2011.07.007","volume":"56","author":"JU Marquardt","year":"2012","unstructured":"Marquardt JU, Galle PR, Teufel A (2012) Molecular diagnosis and therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): an emerging field for advanced technologies. J Hepatol 56(1):267\u2013275","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"330_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2238","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24670","volume":"54","author":"J Bruix","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bruix J, Reig M, Rimola J et al (2011) Clinical decision making and research in hepatocellular carcinoma: pivotal role of imaging techniques. Hepatology 54(6):2238\u20132244","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"330_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.155.2.2984721","volume":"155","author":"JC Sheu","year":"1985","unstructured":"Sheu JC, Chen DS, Sung JL et al (1985) Hepatocellular carcinoma: US evolution in the early stage. Radiology 155(2):463\u2013467","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"330_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199603143341104","volume":"334","author":"V Mazzaferro","year":"1996","unstructured":"Mazzaferro V, Regalia E, Doci R et al (1996) Liver transplantation for the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinomas in patients with cirrhosis. N Engl J Med 334:693\u2013699","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"330_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510280511","volume":"28","author":"T Takayama","year":"1998","unstructured":"Takayama T, Makuuchi M, Hirohashi S et al (1998) Early hepatocellular carcinoma as an entity with a high rate of surgical cure. Hepatology 28(5):1241\u20131246","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"330_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-871193","volume":"25","author":"M Kojiro","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kojiro M, Roskams T (2005) Early hepatocellular carcinoma and dysplastic nodules. Semin Liver Dis 25(2):133\u2013142","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"key":"330_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1007122","volume":"19","author":"J Llovet","year":"1999","unstructured":"Llovet J, Bru C, Bruix J (1999) Prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: the BCLC staging classification. Semin Liver Dis 19:329\u2013338","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"key":"330_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19850815)56:4<918::AID-CNCR2820560437>3.0.CO;2-E","volume":"56","author":"K Okuda","year":"1985","unstructured":"Okuda K, Ohtsuki T, Obata H et al (1985) Natural history of hepatocellular carcinoma and prognosis in relation to treatment. Cancer 56:918\u2013928","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"330_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(99)80173-1","volume":"31","author":"S Chevret","year":"1999","unstructured":"Chevret S, Trinchet JC, Mathieu D et al (1999) A new prognostic classification for predicting survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol 31:133\u2013141","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"330_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)01259-8","volume":"352","author":"CLIP group (Cancer of the Liver Italian Program)","year":"1998","unstructured":"CLIP group (Cancer of the Liver Italian Program) (1998) Tamoxifen in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: a randomized controlled trial. Lancet 352:17\u201320","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"330_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1760","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.10384","volume":"94","author":"TW Leung","year":"2002","unstructured":"Leung TW, Tang AM, Zee B, Lau WY, Lai PB, Leung KL et al (2002) Construction of the Chinese University Prognostic Index for hepatocellular carcinoma and comparison with the TNM staging system, the Okuda staging system, and the Cancer of the Liver Italian Program staging system: a study based on 926 patients. Cancer 94:1760\u20131769","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"330_CR62","first-page":"110","volume-title":"TNM classification of malignant tumors","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sobin LH, Gospodarowicz MK, Wittekind Ch (eds) (2009) TNM classification of malignant tumors, 7th edn. Wiley, Oxford, pp 110\u2013113","edition":"7"},{"key":"330_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/s005350300038","volume":"38","author":"M Kudo","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kudo M, Chung H, Osaki Y (2003) Prognostic staging system for hepatocellular carcinoma (CLIP score): its value and limitations, and a proposal for a new staging system, the Japan Integrated Staging Score (JIS score). J Gastroenterol 38:207\u2013215","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"330_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2003.035055","volume":"54","author":"R Tateishi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Tateishi R, Yoshida H, Shiina S et al (2005) Proposal of a new prognostic model for hepatocellular carcinoma: an analysis of 403 patients. Gut 54:419\u2013425","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"330_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510230527","volume":"23","author":"N Ganne-Carri\u00e9","year":"1996","unstructured":"Ganne-Carri\u00e9 N, Chastang C, Chapel F et al (1996) Predictive score for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma and additional value of liver large cell dysplasia in Western patients with cirrhosis. Hepatology 23:1112\u20131118","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"330_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50093","volume":"37","author":"RF Vel\u00e1zquez","year":"2003","unstructured":"Vel\u00e1zquez RF, Rodr\u00edguez M, Navascu\u00e9s CA et al (2003) Prospective analysis of risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with liver cirrhosis. Hepatology 37(3):520\u2013527","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"330_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2003.12.049","volume":"126","author":"A Sangiovanni","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sangiovanni A, Del Ninno E, Fasani P et al (2004) Increased survival of cirrhotic patients with a hepatocellular carcinoma detected during surveillance. Gastroenterology 126(4):1005\u20131014","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"3","key":"330_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2011.09.011","volume":"56","author":"M Kurosaki","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kurosaki M, Hiramatsu N, Sakamoto M et al (2012) Data mining model using simple and readily available factors could identify patients at high risk for hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis C. J Hepatol 56(3):602\u2013608","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"330_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1954","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22870","volume":"49","author":"R Masuzaki","year":"2009","unstructured":"Masuzaki R, Tateishi R, Yoshida H et al (2009) Prospective risk assessment for hepatocellular carcinoma development in patients with chronic hepatitis C by transient elastography. Hepatology 49(6):1954\u20131961","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"330_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2009.01.014","volume":"50","author":"C Ripoll","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ripoll C, Groszmann RJ, Garcia-Tsao G et al (2009) Hepatic venous pressure gradient predicts development of hepatocellular carcinoma independently of severity of cirrhosis. J Hepatol 50(5):923\u2013928","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"330_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2011.12.023","volume":"56","author":"E Galmozzi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Galmozzi E, Colombo M (2012) Genetic testing for hepatocellular carcinoma: an ambitious goal still to achieve. J Hepatol 56(6):1415\u20131416","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"330_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08309","volume":"461","author":"D Ge","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ge D, Fellay J, Thompson AJ, Simon JS et al (2009) Genetic variation in IL28B predicts hepatitis C treatment-induced viral clearance. Nature 461:399\u2013401","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"6","key":"330_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2034","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23943","volume":"52","author":"RJ Clifford","year":"2010","unstructured":"Clifford RJ, Zhang J, Meerzaman DM et al (2010) Genetic variations at loci involved in the immune response are risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 52(6):2034\u20132043","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"330_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.809","volume":"43","author":"V Kumar","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kumar V, Kato N, Urabe Y et al (2011) Genome-wide association study identifies a susceptibility locus for HCV-induced hepatocellular carcinoma. Nat Genet 43(5):455\u2013458","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"330_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.03.045","volume":"141","author":"BK Abu Dayyeh","year":"2011","unstructured":"Abu Dayyeh BK, Yang M, Fuchs BC et al (2011) A functional polymorphism in the epidermal growth factor gene is associated with risk for hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterology 141(1):141\u2013149","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"19","key":"330_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1995","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0804525","volume":"359","author":"Y Hoshida","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hoshida Y, Villanueva A, Kobayashi M et al (2008) Gene expression in fixed tissues and outcome in hepatocellular carcinoma. N Engl J Med 359(19):1995\u20132004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"330_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1247131","volume":"30","author":"Y Hoshida","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hoshida Y, Toffanin S, Lachenmayer A, Villanueva A, Minguez B, Llovet JM (2010) Molecular classification and novel targets in hepatocellular carcinoma: recent advancements. Semin Liver Dis 30(1):35\u201351","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis."},{"key":"330_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkh031","volume":"53","author":"K Hino","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hino K, Okita K (2004) Interferon therapy as chemoprevention of hepatocarcinogenesis in patients with chronic hepatitis C. J Antimicrob Chemother 53:19\u201322","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"330_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-129-2-199807150-00005","volume":"129","author":"Y Imai","year":"1998","unstructured":"Imai Y, Kawata S, Tamura S et al (1998) Relation of interferon therapy and hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Ann Intern Med 129:94\u201399","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"330_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-131-3-199908030-00003","volume":"131","author":"H Yoshida","year":"1999","unstructured":"Yoshida H, Shiratori Y, Moriyama M et al (1999) Interferon therapy reduces the risk for hepatocellular carcinoma: national surveillance program of cirrhotic and noncirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis C in Japan. Ann Intern Med 131:174\u2013181","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"330_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0215(20000901)87:5<741::AID-IJC18>3.0.CO;2-B","volume":"87","author":"H Tanaka","year":"2000","unstructured":"Tanaka H, Tsukuma H, Kasahara A et al (2000) Effect of interferon therapy on the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma and mortality of patients with chronic hepatitis C: a retrospective cohort study of 738 patients. Int J Cancer 87:741\u2013749","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"330_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290439","volume":"29","author":"K Ikeda","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ikeda K, Saitoh S, Arase Y et al (1999) Effect of interferon therapy on hepatocellular carcinogenesis in patients with chronic hepatitis type C: a long-term observation study of 1,346 patients using statistical bias correction with proportional hazard analysis. Hepatology 29:1124\u20131130","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"330_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-142-2-200501180-00009","volume":"142","author":"Y Shiratori","year":"2005","unstructured":"Shiratori Y, Ito Y, Yokosuka O et al (2005) Antiviral therapy for cirrhotic hepatitis C: association with reduced hepatocellular carcinoma development and improved survival. Ann Intern Med 142:105\u2013114","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"330_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21492","volume":"45","author":"S Bruno","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bruno S, Stroffolini T, Colombo M, Bollani S, Benvegnu L, Mazzella G et al (2007) Sustained virological response to interferon-alpha is associated with improved outcome in HCV-related cirrhosis: a retrospective study 3. Hepatology 45:579\u2013587","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"330_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2003.030353","volume":"53","author":"H Yoshida","year":"2004","unstructured":"Yoshida H, Tateishi R, Arakawa Y et al (2004) Benefit of interferon therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma prevention for individual patients with chronic hepatitis C. Gut 53:425\u2013430","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"330_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21363","volume":"44","author":"ML Yu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Yu ML, Lin SM, Lee CM et al (2006) A simple noninvasive index for predicting long-term outcome of chronic hepatitis C after interferon-based therapy. Hepatology 44:1086\u20131097","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"23","key":"330_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2429","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0707615","volume":"359","author":"AM Bisceglie Di","year":"2008","unstructured":"Di Bisceglie AM, Shiffman ML, Everson GT, Lindsay KL, Everhart JE, Wright EC et al (2008) Prolonged therapy of advanced chronic hepatitis C with low-dose peginterferon. N Engl J Med 359(23):2429\u20132441","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"330_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1990","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.03.010","volume":"140","author":"J Bruix","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bruix J, Poynard T, Colombo M, Schiff E, Burak K, Heathcote EJ et al (2011) Maintenance therapy with peginterferon alfa-2b does not prevent hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis C. Gastroenterology 140(7):1990\u20131999","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"330_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Afdhal N, Levine R, Brown R Jr, et al (2008) Colchicine versus peginterferon alfa 2b long-term therapy: results of the 4\u00a0year COPILOT trial (oral presentation). Presented at the 43rd Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver; April 23\u201327; Milan, Italy","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(08)60005-7"},{"issue":"3","key":"330_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.11.050","volume":"140","author":"AS Lok","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lok AS, Everhart JE, Wright EC, Di Bisceglie AM, Kim HY, Sterling RK et al (2011) Maintenance peginterferon therapy and other factors associated with hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with advanced hepatitis C. Gastroenterology 140(3):840\u2013849","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1","key":"330_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2011.05.034","volume":"56","author":"A Aghemo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Aghemo A, Colombo M (2012) Peginterferon maintenance therapy in patients with advanced hepatitis C to prevent hepatocellular carcinoma: the plot thickens. J Hepatol 56(1):276\u2013278","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"330_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24199","volume":"53","author":"J Bruix","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bruix J, Sherman M (2011) Management of hepatocellular carcinoma: an update. Hepatology 53(3):1020\u20131022","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"330_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.05.013","volume":"141","author":"A Aghemo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Aghemo A, Colombo M (2011) A 13-day, interferon-free regimen for chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 patients: between fear and hope. Gastroenterology 141(1):396\u2013399","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"}],"container-title":["Seminars in Immunopathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00281-012-0330-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00281-012-0330-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00281-012-0330-z","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]],"date-time":"2019-07-01T07:58:20Z","timestamp":1561967900000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00281-012-0330-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,22]]},"references-count":93,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]}},"alternative-id":["330"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00281-012-0330-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["1863-2297","1863-2300"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1863-2297","type":"print"},{"value":"1863-2300","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,22]]}}}