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RM was supported by an AIRC Fellowship for Abroad. VE was supported by grants from the Rally Foundation Investigator Award, Amy Stelzer Manasevit Research Program, the Italian Association for Cancer Research, and by the Italian Ministry of Health with \u201c5x1000 Research funds\u201d. LF was supported by grants from AIRC (Special Program Metastatic disease: the key unmet need in oncology 5 per mille 2018 Project Code 21147 and Accelerator Award 2017 INCAR); Ministero dell\u2019Istruzione, dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca, PRIN ID 2017 WC8499_004; Ministero della Salute, RF-2016-02364388. EV has received research funding from ToleranceBio outside the submitted work. FL reports personal fees from Amgen, personal fees from Novartis, other from Bellicum Pharmaceutical, other from Neovii, personal fees from Miltenyi, personal fees from Medac, personal fees from Jazz Pharmaceutical, personal fees from Takeda, outside the submitted work. A patent application entitled \u201cFOXN1-activating compounds and their use in thymic regeneration\u201d has been filed (PCT\/IT2025\/050304).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"19"}}