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The possible relationships between the gut, lung, nasopharyngeal, and oral microbiome with COVID-19 have been investigated. We analyzed the nasal microbiome of both positive and negative SARS-CoV-2 individuals, showing differences in terms of bacterial composition in this niche of respiratory tract. The microbiota solution A (Arrow Diagnostics) was used to cover the hypervariable V1\u2013V3 regions of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. MicrobAT Suite and MicrobiomeAnalyst program were used to identify the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and to perform the statistical analysis, respectively. The main taxa identified in nasal microbiome of COVID-19 patients and in Healthy Control subjects belonged to three distinct phyla: Proteobacteria (HC\u2009=\u200914%, Cov19\u2009=\u200935.8%), Firmicutes (HC\u2009=\u200928.8%, Cov19\u2009=\u200930.6%), and Actinobacteria (HC\u2009=\u200956.7%, Cov19\u2009=\u200914.4%) with a relative abundance\u2009&gt;\u20091% in all groups. A significant reduction of Actinobacteria in Cov19 group compared to controls (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, FDR\u2009=\u20090.01) was found. The significant reduction of Actinobacteria was identified in all taxonomic levels down to the genus (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) using the ANOVA test. Indeed, a significantly reduced relative abundance of <jats:italic>Corynebacterium<\/jats:italic> was found in the patients compared to healthy controls (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001). Reduced abundance of <jats:italic>Corynebacterium<\/jats:italic> has been widely associated with anosmia, a common symptom of COVID-19 as suffered from our patients. Contrastingly, the <jats:italic>Corynebacterium<\/jats:italic> genus was highly represented in the nasal mucosa of healthy subjects. Further investigations on larger cohorts are necessary to establish functional relationships between nasal microbiota content and clinical features of COVID-19.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-022-03106-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,30]],"date-time":"2022-12-30T15:03:16Z","timestamp":1672412596000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Nasal Microbiome in COVID-19: A Potential Role of Corynebacterium in Anosmia"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Carmela","family":"Nardelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni Luca","family":"Scaglione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Domenico","family":"Testa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Setaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmela","family":"Di Domenico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lidia","family":"Atripaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Zollo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Corrado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Salvatore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biagio","family":"Pinchera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Gentile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ettore","family":"Capoluongo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"3106_CR1","unstructured":"WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard. https:\/\/covid19.who.int\/"},{"key":"3106_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmoa2001017","volume":"382","author":"N Zhu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, Li X, Yang B, Song J et al (2020) A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. 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