{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T05:10:36Z","timestamp":1756444236380,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,26]],"date-time":"2025-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753488000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,26]],"date-time":"2025-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753488000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100023300","name":"Institut Pasteur de Tunis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2013-PCI09"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013-PCI09"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100023300","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Curr Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-025-04385-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,26]],"date-time":"2025-07-26T03:39:14Z","timestamp":1753501154000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Six-Year Investigation of the Emergence and Spread of Human Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis in Tunisia"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"82","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4773-0575","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nazek","family":"Al-Gallas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"4385_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.2174\/1389450121666201228123212","volume":"22","author":"H Qadri","year":"2021","unstructured":"Qadri H, Shah AH, Mir M (2021) Novel strategies to combat the emerging drug resistance in human pathogenic microbes. Curr Drug Targets 22:1424\u20131436. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1389450121666201228123212","journal-title":"Curr Drug Targets"},{"key":"4385_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.3390\/foods12091756","volume":"12","author":"AD Teklemariam","year":"2023","unstructured":"Teklemariam AD, Al-Hindi RR, Albiheyri RS, Alharbi MG, Alghamdi MA, Filimban AAR, Al Mutiri AS, Al-Alyani AM, Alseghayer MS, Almaneea AM, Albar AH, Khormi MA, Bhunia AK (2023) Human salmonellosis: a continuous global threat in the farm-to-fork food safety continuum. Foods 12:1756. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/foods12091756","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"4385_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics13010076","volume":"13","author":"B Lamichhane","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lamichhane B, Mawad AMM, Saleh M, Kelley WG, Harrington PJ, Lovestad CW, Amezcua J, Sarhan MM, El Zowalaty ME, Ramadan H et al (2024) Salmonellosis: an overview of epidemiology, pathogenesis, and innovative approaches to mitigate the antimicrobial resistant infections. Antibiotics 13:76. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/antibiotics13010076","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"4385_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3666","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13233666","volume":"13","author":"\u00c1 Gal\u00e1n-Rela\u00f1o","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gal\u00e1n-Rela\u00f1o \u00c1, Valero D\u00edaz A, Huerta Lorenzo B, G\u00f3mez-Gasc\u00f3n L, Mena Rodr\u00edguez M\u00c1, Carrasco Jim\u00e9nez E, P\u00e9rez Rodr\u00edguez F, Astorga M\u00e1rquez RJ (2023) Salmonella and salmonellosis: an update on public health implications and control strategies. Animals 13:3666. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ani13233666","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"4385_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3499","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22073499","volume":"22","author":"S Wu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wu S, Hulme JP (2021) Recent advances in the detection of antibiotic and multi-drug-resistant Salmonella: an update. Int J Mol Sci 22:3499. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms22073499","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4385_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3348695","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/3348695","volume":"2022","author":"S Tao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tao S, Chen H, Li N, Wang T, Liang W (2022) The spread of antibiotic resistance genes in vivo model. Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol 2022:3348695. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2022\/3348695","journal-title":"Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol"},{"key":"4385_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1418221","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1418221","volume":"12","author":"MN Sumana","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sumana MN, Maheshwarappa YD, Rao MR, Deepashree R, Karthik MK, Shah NK (2024) Ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Newport: a case report from South India. Front Public Health 12:1418221. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1418221","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"4385_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.3390\/idr16060094","volume":"16","author":"MN Sumana","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sumana MN, Rao MR, Rajshekar D, Karthik K, Shah NK, Swamy V, Shylaja Eshwar C, Maheshwarappa YD (2024) The first-ever encounter with Salmonella enterica serovar hvittingfoss causing acute gastroenteritis in India: a case report. Infect Dis Rep 16:1191\u20131196. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/idr16060094","journal-title":"Infect Dis Rep"},{"key":"4385_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.14822","volume":"130","author":"N Al-Gallas","year":"2021","unstructured":"Al-Gallas N, Khadraoui N, Hotzel H, Tomaso H, El-Adawy H, Neubauer H, Belghouthi K, Ghedira K, Gautam HK, Kumar B, Laouini D, Zarrouk S, Abbassi MS, Aissa RB (2021) Quinolone resistance among Salmonella Kentucky and Typhimurium isolates in Tunisia: first report of Salmonella Typhimurium ST34 in Africa and qnrB19 in Tunisia. J Appl Microbiol 130:807\u2013818. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jam.14822","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"4385_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1016\/s0923-2508(01)01274-8","volume":"152","author":"MY Popoff","year":"2001","unstructured":"Popoff MY, Bockem\u00fchl J, Brenner FW, Gheesling LL (2001) Supplement 2000 (no. 44) to the Kauffmann-White scheme. Res Microbiol 152:907\u2013909. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0923-2508(01)01274-8","journal-title":"Res Microbiol"},{"key":"4385_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0046489","volume":"7","author":"SD Braun","year":"2012","unstructured":"Braun SD, Ziegler A, Methner U, Slickers P, Keiling S, Monecke S, Ehricht R (2012) Fast DNA serotyping and antimicrobial resistance gene determination of Salmonella enterica with an oligonucleotide microarray-based assay. PLoS ONE 7:e46489. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0046489","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"4385_CR12","unstructured":"Comit\u00e9 de l\u2019Antibiogramme de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Fran\u00e7aise de Microbiologie (CASFM) (2018) 2018 guidelines of the antibiogram committee of the French society for microbiology. https:\/\/www.sfm-microbiologie.org"},{"key":"4385_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.07.010","volume":"166","author":"A Maravi\u0107","year":"2013","unstructured":"Maravi\u0107 A, Sko\u010dibu\u0161i\u0107 M, Samani\u0107 I, Fredotovi\u0107 Z, Cvjetan S, Jutroni\u0107 M, Puizina J (2013) Aeromonas spp. simultaneously harbouring bla(CTX-M-15), bla(SHV-12), bla(PER-1) and bla(FOX-2), in wild-growing Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from Adriatic Sea, Croatia. Int J Food Microbiol 166:301\u2013308. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.07.010","journal-title":"Int J Food Microbiol"},{"key":"4385_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dky441","volume":"74","author":"LX Fang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fang LX, Deng GH, Jiang Q, Cen DJ, Yang RS, Feng YY, Xia J, Sun J, Liu YH, Zhang Q, Liao XP (2019) Clonal expansion and horizontal transmission of epidemic F2:A1:B1 plasmids involved in co-spread of rmtB with qepA and blaCTX-M-27 in extensively drug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Indiana isolates. J Antimicrob Chemother 74:334\u2013341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jac\/dky441","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"4385_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-019-0496-4","volume":"4","author":"J Sun","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sun J, Chen C, Cui CY, Zhang Y, Liu X, Cui ZH, Ma XY, Feng Y, Fang LX, Lian XL, Zhang RM, Tang YZ, Zhang KX, Liu HM, Zhuang ZH, Zhou SD, Lv JN, Du H, Huang B, Yu FY, Mathema B, Kreiswirt BN, Liao XP, Chen L, Liu YH (2019) Plasmid-encoded tet(X) genes that confer high-level tigecycline resistance in Escherichia coli. Nat Microbiol 4:1457\u20131464. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41564-019-0496-4","journal-title":"Nat Microbiol"},{"key":"4385_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8030444","volume":"8","author":"Z Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen Z, Bai J, Wang S, Zhang X, Zhan Z, Shen H, Zhang H, Wen J, Gao Y, Liao M, Zhang J (2020) Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, virulence genes and genetic diversity of Salmonella isolated from retail duck meat in Southern China. Microorganisms 8:444. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/microorganisms8030444","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"4385_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms10020411","volume":"10","author":"AM Carey","year":"2022","unstructured":"Carey AM, Capik SF, Giebel S, Nickodem C, Pi\u00f1eiro JM, Scott HM, Vinasco J, Norman KN (2022) Prevalence and profiles of antibiotic resistance genes mph(A) and qnrB in extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolated from dairy calf feces. Microorganisms 10:411. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/microorganisms10020411","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"4385_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2007.06.007","volume":"55","author":"R Ben Aissa","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ben Aissa R, Al-Gallas N, Troudi H, Belhadj N, Belhadj A (2007) Trends in Salmonella enterica serotypes isolated from human, food, animal, and environment in Tunisia, 1994\u20132004. J Infect 55:324\u2013339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jinf.2007.06.007","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"4385_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2007.01807.x","volume":"13","author":"M Grape","year":"2007","unstructured":"Grape M, Motakefi A, Pavuluri S, Kahlmeter G (2007) Standard and real-time multiplex PCR methods for detection of trimethoprim resistance dfr genes in large collections of bacteria. Clin Microbiol Infect 13:1112\u20131118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2007.01807.x","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"4385_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4771","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.11.4771-4774.2005","volume":"49","author":"AM Gestal","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gestal AM, Stokes HW, Partridge SR, Hall RM (2005) Recombination between dhfrA12-orfF-aadA2 cassette array and an aadA1 gene cassette creates a hybrid cassette, aadA8b. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 49:4771\u20134774. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/AAC.49.11.4771-4774.2005","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"4385_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12030526","volume":"12","author":"W Oueslati","year":"2023","unstructured":"Oueslati W, Ridha Rjeibi M, Benyedem H, Jebali M, Souissi F, Selmi R, El Asli MS, Barguellil F, Ettriqui A (2023) Serotype occurrence, virulence profiles, antimicrobial resistance and molecular characterization of Salmonella isolated from hospitalized patients with gastroenteritis in great Tunisia between 2010 and 2020. Antibiotics (Basel) 12:526. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/antibiotics12030526","journal-title":"Antibiotics (Basel)"},{"key":"4385_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268807008916","volume":"136","author":"R Ben Aissa","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ben Aissa R, Al-Gallas N (2008) Molecular typing of Salmonella enterica serovars Enteritidis, Corvallis, Anatum and Typhimurium from food and human stool samples in Tunisia, 2001\u20132004. Epidemiol Infect 136:468\u2013475. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0950268807008916","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"4385_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2013.1629","volume":"11","author":"Y Li","year":"2014","unstructured":"Li Y, Xie X, Xu X, Wang X, Chang H, Wang C, Wang A, He Y, Yu H, Wang X, Zeng M (2014) Nontyphoidal Salmonella infection in children with acute gastroenteritis: prevalence, serotypes, and antimicrobial resistance in Shanghai, China. Foodborne Pathog Dis 11:200\u2013206. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/fpd.2013.1629","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog Dis"},{"key":"4385_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2019.00187","volume":"9","author":"MF Alghoribi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alghoribi MF, Doumith M, Alrodayyan M, Al Zayer M, K\u00f6ster WL, Muhanna A, Aljohani SM, Balkhy HH, Desin TS (2019) S. Enteritidis and S Typhimurium harboring SPI-1 and SPI-2 are the predominant serotypes associated with human salmonellosis in Saudi Arabia. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 9:187. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2019.00187","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"4385_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci9010012","volume":"9","author":"W Oueslati","year":"2021","unstructured":"Oueslati W, Rjeibi MR, Benyedem H, Mamlouk A, Souissi F, Selmi R, Ettriqui A (2021) Prevalence, risk factors, antimicrobial resistance and molecular characterization of\u00a0Salmonella\u00a0in Northeast Tunisia broiler flocks. Vet Sci 9:12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/vetsci9010012","journal-title":"Vet Sci"},{"key":"4385_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2015.10.036","volume":"62","author":"M Cui","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cui M, Xie M, Qu Z, Zhao S, Wang J, Wang Y, He T, Wang H, Zuo Z, Wu C (2016) Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella isolated from an integrated broiler chicken supply chain in Qingdao, China. Food Control 62:270\u2013276. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.foodcont.2015.10.036","journal-title":"Food Control"},{"key":"4385_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S51184","volume":"6","author":"N Elhadi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Elhadi N, Aljindan R, Aljeldah M (2013) Prevalence of nontyphoidal Salmonella serogroups and their antimicrobial resistance patterns in a university teaching hospital in Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Infect Drug Resist 6:199\u2013205. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/IDR.S51184","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"key":"4385_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007293","volume":"13","author":"MJ Albert","year":"2019","unstructured":"Albert MJ, Bulach D, Alfouzan W, Izumiya H, Carter G, Alobaid K, Alatar F, Sheikh AR, Poirel L (2019) Non-typhoidal Salmonella blood stream infection in Kuwait: clinical and microbiological characteristics. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 13:e0007293. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007293","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"4385_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/ecosalplus.ESP-0007-2018","author":"JJ Gilchrist","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gilchrist JJ, MacLennan CA (2019) Invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella disease in Africa. EcoSal Plus. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/ecosalplus.ESP-0007-2018","journal-title":"EcoSal Plus"},{"key":"4385_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1007\/s42770-019-00052-y","volume":"50","author":"RO Dos Reis","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dos Reis RO, Cecconi MC, Timm L, Souza MN, Ikuta N, Wolf JM, Lunge VR (2019) Salmonella isolates from urine cultures: serotypes and antimicrobial resistance in hospital settings. Braz J Microbiol 50:445\u2013448. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42770-019-00052-y","journal-title":"Braz J Microbiol"},{"key":"4385_CR31","first-page":"98","volume":"127","author":"G Kenar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kenar G, K\u00f6ken Av\u015far A, Balc\u0131 A, Can G (2020) Pyomyositis and muscle abscess due to Salmonella enteritidis in a patient with Beh\u00e7et\u2019s syndrome: a case report. Clin Exp Rheumatol 127:98\u2013100","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"4385_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7957","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.1c00138","volume":"121","author":"G Bahr","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bahr G, Gonz\u00e1lez LJ, Vila AJ (2021) Metallo-\u03b2-lactamases in the age of multidrug resistance: from structure and mechanism to evolution, dissemination, and inhibitor design. Chem Rev 121:7957\u20138094. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.chemrev.1c00138","journal-title":"Chem Rev"},{"key":"4385_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2116827118","volume":"118","author":"R Oldenkamp","year":"2021","unstructured":"Oldenkamp R, Schultsz C, Mancini E, Cappuccio A (2021) Filling the gaps in the global prevalence map of clinical antimicrobial resistance. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 118:e2013515118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2116827118","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"4385_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.4315\/JFP-22-167","volume":"85","author":"AB Hassena","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hassena AB, Belmabrouk S, Amor MG, Zormati S, Guermazi-Toumi S, Siala-Trigui M, Gdoura R (2022) Study of virulence genes, antimicrobial resistance, and genetic relatedness of foodborne Salmonella isolates from Tunisia. J Food Prot 85:1779\u20131789. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4315\/JFP-22-167","journal-title":"J Food Prot"},{"key":"4385_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-017-1050-3","volume":"13","author":"S Djeffal","year":"2017","unstructured":"Djeffal S, Bakour S, Mamache B, Elgroud R, Agabou A, Chabou S, Hireche S, Bouaziz O, Rahal K, Rolain JM (2017) Prevalence and clonal relationship of ESBL-producing Salmonella strains from humans and poultry in Northeastern Algeria. BMC Vet Res 13:132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12917-017-1050-3","journal-title":"BMC Vet Res"},{"key":"4385_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2017.10.005","volume":"12","author":"F Fardsanei","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fardsanei F, Soltan Dallal MM, Douraghi M, Memariani H, Bakhshi B, Zahraei Salehi T, Nikkhahi F (2018) Antimicrobial resistance, virulence genes and genetic relatedness of Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis isolates recovered from human gastroenteritis in Tehran, Iran. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 12:220\u2013226. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jgar.2017.10.005","journal-title":"J Glob Antimicrob Resist"},{"key":"4385_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2020.6007","volume":"18","author":"European Food Safety Authority; European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control","year":"2020","unstructured":"European Food Safety Authority; European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (2020) The European union summary report on antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food in 2017\/2018. EFSA J 18:e06007. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2903\/j.efsa.2020.6007","journal-title":"EFSA J"},{"key":"4385_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1231938","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1231938","volume":"14","author":"BA Bhat","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bhat BA, Mir RA, Qadri H, Dhiman R, Almilaibary A, Alkhanani M, Mir MA (2023) Integrons in the development of antimicrobial resistance: critical review and perspectives. Front Microbiol 14:1231938. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1231938","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"4385_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-019-1867-z","volume":"15","author":"R Elkenany","year":"2019","unstructured":"Elkenany R, Elsayed MM, Zakaria AI, El-Sayed SA, Rizk MA (2019) Antimicrobial resistance profiles and virulence genotyping of Salmonella enterica serovars recovered from broiler chickens and chicken carcasses in Egypt. BMC Vet Res 15:124. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12917-019-1867-z","journal-title":"BMC Vet Res"},{"key":"4385_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.15211","volume":"132","author":"N Al-Gallas","year":"2022","unstructured":"Al-Gallas N, Belghouthi K, Barratt NA, Ghedira K, Hotzel H, Tomaso H, El-Adawy H, Neubauer H, Laouini D, Zarrouk S, Abbassi MS, Aissa RB (2022) Identification and characterization of multidrug-resistant ESBL-producing Salmonella enterica serovars Kentucky and Typhimurium isolated in Tunisia CTX-M-61\/TEM-34, a novel cefotaxime-hydrolysing \u03b2-lactamase of Salmonella. J Appl Microbiol 132:279\u2013289. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jam.15211","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"4385_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.764787","volume":"12","author":"Q Shi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shi Q, Ye Y, Lan P, Han X, Quan J, Zhou M, Yu Y, Jiang Y (2021) Prevalence and characteristics of ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella in children\u2019s hospital in Hangzhou, China. Front Microbiol 12:764787. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2021.764787","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"4385_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268822001509","volume":"151","author":"CA Primeau","year":"2022","unstructured":"Primeau CA, Bharat A, Janecko N, Carson CA, Mulvey M, Reid-Smith R, McEwen S, McWhirter JE, Parmley EJ (2022) Integrated surveillance of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Salmonella and Escherichia coli from humans and animal species raised for human consumption in Canada from 2012 to 2017. Epidemiol Infect 151:e14. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0950268822001509","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"4385_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2940","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.7.2940-2945.2003","volume":"41","author":"A Makanera","year":"2003","unstructured":"Makanera A, Arlet G, Gautier V, Manai M (2003) Molecular epidemiology and characterization of plasmid-encoded beta-lactamases produced by Tunisian clinical isolates of Salmonella enterica serotype Mbandaka resistant to broad-spectrum cephalosporins. J Clin Microbiol 41:2940\u20132945. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JCM.41.7.2940-2945.2003","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"4385_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2009.0035","volume":"15","author":"S Ktari","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ktari S, Arlet G, Verdet C, Jaoua S, Kachrid A, Ben Redjeb S, Mahjoubi-Rhimi F, Hammami A (2009) Molecular epidemiology and genetic environment of acquired bla ACC-1 in Salmonella enterica serotype Livingstone causing a large nosocomial outbreak in Tunisia. Microb Drug Resist 15:279\u2013286. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/mdr.2009.0035","journal-title":"Microb Drug Resist"},{"key":"4385_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-022-02900-x","volume":"79","author":"W Oueslati","year":"2022","unstructured":"Oueslati W, Rjeibi MR, Benyedem H, Mamlouk A, Souissi F, Selmi R, Ettriqui A (2022) Salmonella broiler meat\u2019s contamination in Tunisia: prevalence, serotypes, antimicrobial resistance and molecular characterization of isolated strains. Curr Microbiol 79:208. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00284-022-02900-x","journal-title":"Curr Microbiol"},{"key":"4385_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X.JFP-18-607","volume":"82","author":"AB Hassena","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hassena AB, Siala M, Guermazi S, Zormati S, Gdoura R, Sellami H (2019) Occurrence and phenotypic and molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella isolates from food in Tunisia. J Food Prot 82:1166\u20131175. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4315\/0362-028X.JFP-18-607","journal-title":"J Food Prot"},{"key":"4385_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2145176","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/2145176","volume":"2021","author":"M Moosavian","year":"2021","unstructured":"Moosavian M, Khoshkholgh Sima M, Ahmad Khosravi N, Abbasi Montazeri E (2021) Detection of OqxAB efflux pumps, a multidrug-resistant agent in bacterial infection in patients referring to teaching hospitals in Ahvaz, Southwest of Iran. Int J Microbiol 2021:2145176. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2021\/2145176","journal-title":"Int J Microbiol"},{"key":"4385_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2012.1466","volume":"10","author":"N Al-Gallas","year":"2013","unstructured":"Al-Gallas N, Abbassi MS, Gharbi B, Manai M, Ben Fayala MN, Bichihi R, Al-Gallas A, Ben Aissa R (2013) Occurrence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants and rmtB gene in Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis and Typhimurium isolated from food-animal products in Tunisia. Foodborne Pathog Dis 10:813\u2013819. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/fpd.2012.1466","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog Dis"},{"key":"4385_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1116172","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1116172","volume":"13","author":"H Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang H, Cheng H, Huang B, Hu X, Chen Y, Zheng L, Yang L, Deng J, Wang Q (2023) Characterization of resistance genes and plasmids from sick children caused by Salmonella enterica resistance to azithromycin in Shenzhen, China. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 13:1116172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1116172","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"4385_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjm.2016.09.021","volume":"48","author":"MA El-Tayeb","year":"2017","unstructured":"El-Tayeb MA, Ibrahim ASS, Al-Salamah AA, Almaary KS, Elbadawi YB (2017) Prevalence, serotyping and antimicrobials resistance mechanism of Salmonella enterica isolated from clinical and environmental samples in Saudi Arabia. Braz J Microbiol 48:499\u2013508. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjm.2016.09.021","journal-title":"Braz J Microbiol"},{"key":"4385_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12020193","volume":"12","author":"K Piekarska","year":"2023","unstructured":"Piekarska K, Wo\u0142kowicz T, Zacharczuk K, Stepuch A, Gierczy\u0144ski R (2023) The mechanisms involved in the fluoroquinolone resistance of Salmonella enterica strains isolated from humans in Poland, 2018\u20132019: the prediction of antimicrobial genes by in silico whole-genome sequencing. Pathogens 12:193. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pathogens12020193","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"4385_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1314","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics10111314","volume":"10","author":"SLS Pavelquesi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pavelquesi SLS, de Oliveira Ferreira ACA, Rodrigues ARM, de Souza Silva CM, Orsi DC, da Silva ICR (2021) Presence of tetracycline and sulfonamide resistance genes in Salmonella spp.: literature review. Antibiotics (Basel) 10:1314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/antibiotics10111314","journal-title":"Antibiotics (Basel)"}],"container-title":["Current Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00284-025-04385-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00284-025-04385-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00284-025-04385-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T04:44:41Z","timestamp":1756442681000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00284-025-04385-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,26]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["4385"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00284-025-04385-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["0343-8651","1432-0991"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0343-8651"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1432-0991"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 July 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 July 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"No declared conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"410"}}