{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T11:27:26Z","timestamp":1783769246519,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765497600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765497600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases Foundation","award":["KLICD-2023-Z2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KLICD-2023-Z2"]}]},{"name":"Bengbu Medical University Natural Science Foundation","award":["2023byzd019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023byzd019"]}]},{"name":"Anhui Educational Committee","award":["2024AH040188"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024AH040188"]}]},{"name":"Longhu Talent Project of Bengbu Medical University","award":["LH250102003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LH250102003"]}]},{"name":"Longhu Talent Project of Bengbu Medical University","award":["LH250203005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LH250203005"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Curr Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-025-04557-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T03:29:51Z","timestamp":1765510191000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Manganese as a Cofactor in the Immunity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Zihai","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaiqiang","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bikui","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1268-4705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Xi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"4557_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3259","volume":"12","author":"JD Ernst","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ernst JD (2012) The immunological life cycle of tuberculosis. Nat Rev Immunol 12(8):581\u2013591. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nri3259","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"4557_CR2","unstructured":"Global Tuberculosis Report (2021) Accessed from https:\/\/www.who.int\/teams\/global-tuberculosis-programme\/tb-reports\/global-tuberculosis-report-2021"},{"issue":"5","key":"4557_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3211","volume":"12","author":"L Ramakrishnan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ramakrishnan L (2012) Revisiting the role of the granuloma in tuberculosis. Nat Rev Immunol 12(5):352\u2013366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nri3211","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"4557_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110527872-016","author":"KM Erikson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Erikson KM, Aschner M (2019) Manganese: its role in disease and health. Met Ions Life Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/9783110527872-016","journal-title":"Met Ions Life Sci"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"4557_CR5","first-page":"489","volume":"20","author":"MA Verity","year":"1999","unstructured":"Verity MA (1999) Manganese neurotoxicity: a mechanistic hypothesis. Neurotoxicology 20(2\u20133):489\u2013497","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"issue":"4","key":"4557_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.03.017","volume":"48","author":"C Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang C, Guan Y, Lv M, Zhang R, Guo Z, Wei X et al (2018) Manganese increases the sensitivity of the cGAS-STING pathway for double-stranded DNA and is required for the host defense against DNA viruses. Immunity 48(4):675\u2013687. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.03.017","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"5","key":"4557_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.000789","volume":"165","author":"S Coulthurst","year":"2019","unstructured":"Coulthurst S (2019) The type VI secretion system: a versatile bacterial weapon. Microbiology 165(5):503\u2013515. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/mic.0.000789","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"4557_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3185","volume":"12","author":"AB Russell","year":"2014","unstructured":"Russell AB, Peterson SB, Mougous JD (2014) Type VI secretion system effectors: poisons with a purpose. Nat Rev Microbiol 12(2):137\u2013148. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrmicro3185","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4557_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2013.11.008","volume":"15","author":"BT Ho","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ho BT, Dong TG, Mekalanos JJ (2014) A view to a kill: the bacterial type VI secretion system. Cell Host Microbe 15(1):9\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chom.2013.11.008","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"4557_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2015.0021","author":"M Basler","year":"2015","unstructured":"Basler M (2015) Type VI secretion system: secretion by a contractile nanomachine. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rstb.2015.0021","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"4557_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2009.12.007","volume":"7","author":"RD Hood","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hood RD, Singh P, Hsu F, Guvener T, Carl MA, Trinidad RR et al (2010) A type VI secretion system of Pseudomonas aeruginosa targets a toxin to bacteria. Cell Host Microbe 7(1):25\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chom.2009.12.007","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"8","key":"4557_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1001068","volume":"6","author":"S Schwarz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Schwarz S, West TE, Boyer F, Chiang WC, Carl MA, Hood RD et al (2010) Burkholderia type VI secretion systems have distinct roles in eukaryotic and bacterial cell interactions. PLoS Pathog 6(8):e1001068. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1001068","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"2","key":"4557_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.12005","volume":"15","author":"W Zhang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhang W, Wang Y, Song Y, Wang T, Xu S, Peng Z et al (2013) A type VI secretion system regulated by OmpR in Yersinia pseudotuberculosis functions to maintain intracellular pH homeostasis. Environ Microbiol 15(2):557\u2013569. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1462-2920.12005","journal-title":"Environ Microbiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"4557_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E2233","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1614902114","volume":"114","author":"M Si","year":"2017","unstructured":"Si M, Zhao C, Burkinshaw B, Zhang B, Wei D, Wang Y et al (2017) Manganese scavenging and oxidative stress response mediated by type VI secretion system in Burkholderia thailandensis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 114(11):E2233\u2013E2242. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1614902114","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"4557_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21769\/BioProtoc.4493","author":"IAN Silva","year":"2022","unstructured":"Silva IAN, Gvazava N, Bolukbas DA, Stenlo M, Dong J, Hyllen S et al (2022) A semi-quantitative scoring system for green histopathological evaluation of large animal models of acute lung injury. Bio Protoc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21769\/BioProtoc.4493","journal-title":"Bio Protoc"},{"key":"4557_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpi.2025.100423","volume":"17","author":"C Dunn","year":"2025","unstructured":"Dunn C, Brettle D, Hodgson C, Hughes R, Treanor D (2025) An international study of stain variability in histopathology using qualitative and quantitative analysis. J Pathol Inform 17:100423. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpi.2025.100423","journal-title":"J Pathol Inform"},{"issue":"3","key":"4557_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0b013e328337580c","volume":"16","author":"C Lienhardt","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lienhardt C, Vernon A, Raviglione MC (2010) New drugs and new regimens for the treatment of tuberculosis: review of the drug development pipeline and implications for national programmes. Curr Opin Pulm Med 16(3):186\u2013193. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MCP.0b013e328337580c","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pulm Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"4557_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1002\/ddr.20456","volume":"72","author":"MB Conde","year":"2011","unstructured":"Conde MB, Lapa ESJR (2011) New regimens for reducing the duration of the treatment of drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis. Drug Dev Res 72(6):501\u2013508. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ddr.20456","journal-title":"Drug Dev Res"},{"key":"4557_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.00681","volume":"8","author":"MJ Nasiri","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nasiri MJ, Haeili M, Ghazi M, Goudarzi H, Pormohammad A, Imani Fooladi AA et al (2017) New insights in to the intrinsic and acquired drug resistance mechanisms in Mycobacteria. Front Microbiol 8:681. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2017.00681","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"4557_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.02.006","volume":"80","author":"I Honeyborne","year":"2019","unstructured":"Honeyborne I, Lipman M, Zumla A, McHugh TD (2019) The changing treatment landscape for MDR\/XDR-TB - can current clinical trials revolutionise and inform a brave new world? Int J Infect Dis 80:S23\u2013S28. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.02.006","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"4557_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3937","volume":"21","author":"B Prideaux","year":"2015","unstructured":"Prideaux B, Via LE, Zimmerman MD, Eum S, Sarathy J, O\u2019Brien P et al (2015) The association between sterilizing activity and drug distribution into tuberculosis lesions. Nat Med 21(10):1223\u20131227. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nm.3937","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"4557_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.14478","volume":"128","author":"R Singh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Singh R, Dwivedi SP, Gaharwar US, Meena R, Rajamani P, Prasad T (2020) Recent updates on drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Appl Microbiol 128(6):1547\u20131567. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jam.14478","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"4557_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(17)30079-6","author":"K Dheda","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dheda K, Gumbo T, Maartens G, Dooley KE, McNerney R, Murray M et al (2017) The epidemiology, pathogenesis, transmission, diagnosis, and management of multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant, and incurable tuberculosis. Lancet Respir Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-2600(17)30079-6","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"4557_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.13207","volume":"98","author":"R Pandey","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pandey R, Russo R, Ghanny S, Huang X, Helmann J, Rodriguez GM (2015) MntR(Rv2788): a transcriptional regulator that controls manganese homeostasis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mol Microbiol 98(6):1168\u20131183. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/mmi.13207","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"4557_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2210","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1719627115","volume":"115","author":"XY Fan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fan XY, Tang BK, Xu YY, Han AX, Shi KX, Wu YK et al (2018) Oxidation of dCTP contributes to antibiotic lethality in stationary-phase mycobacteria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 115(9):2210\u20132215. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1719627115","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"5","key":"4557_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1674","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI40817","volume":"120","author":"LR Antonelli","year":"2010","unstructured":"Antonelli LR, Gigliotti Rothfuchs A, Goncalves R, Roffe E, Cheever AW, Bafica A et al (2010) Intranasal poly-IC treatment exacerbates tuberculosis in mice through the pulmonary recruitment of a pathogen-permissive monocyte\/macrophage population. J Clin Invest 120(5):1674\u20131682. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI40817","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"4","key":"4557_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.2003.01680.x","volume":"109","author":"A Kipnis","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kipnis A, Basaraba RJ, Orme IM, Cooper AM (2003) Role of chemokine ligand 2 in the protective response to early murine pulmonary tuberculosis. Immunology 109(4):547\u2013551. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2567.2003.01680.x","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"issue":"7","key":"4557_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4604","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.166.7.4604","volume":"166","author":"JC Leemans","year":"2001","unstructured":"Leemans JC, Juffermans NP, Florquin S, van Rooijen N, Vervoordeldonk MJ, Verbon A et al (2001) Depletion of alveolar macrophages exerts protective effects in pulmonary tuberculosis in mice. J Immunol 166(7):4604\u20134611. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.166.7.4604","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"4557_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.01086","volume":"2","author":"M Samstein","year":"2013","unstructured":"Samstein M, Schreiber HA, Leiner IM, Susac B, Glickman MS, Pamer EG (2013) Essential yet limited role for CCR2(+) inflammatory monocytes during Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific T cell priming. Elife 2:e01086. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/eLife.01086","journal-title":"Elife"}],"container-title":["Current Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00284-025-04557-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00284-025-04557-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00284-025-04557-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T13:14:38Z","timestamp":1770383678000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00284-025-04557-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["4557"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00284-025-04557-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0343-8651","1432-0991"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0343-8651","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0991","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 January 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 October 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}},{"value":"This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Bengbu Medical College (approval number 2019101).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}}],"article-number":"78"}}