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This study describes two multidrug-resistant (MDR) extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains, classified as critical priority bacteria by the World Health Organization, identified in recreational freshwater in Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the presence of ESBL-producing\n                    <jats:italic>Enterobacterales<\/jats:italic>\n                    in water samples from a river in a touristic Brazilian city, including the waterfall, stream, and areas outside the city center. Bacteria were cultured and isolated on MacConkey agar supplemented with ceftriaxone, identified by MALDI-TOF, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion. ESBL-producing strains were then subjected to whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatic analysis. Two ESBL-producing\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains were recovered from the waterfall (USP-MG-W) and steam (USP-MG-B). These strains showed an MDR profile, with resistance to \u03b2-lactams, tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, quinolones and phenicols, but remained susceptible to carbapenems. USP-MG-B and USP-MG-W harbor the ESBL genes\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CTX-M-15<\/jats:sub>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CTX-M-65<\/jats:sub>\n                    , respectively, highlighting their broad-spectrum cephalosporin resistance and clinical relevance. Predicted heavy metal resistance genes suggest AMR co-selection. USP-MG-B belongs to pandemic\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    sequence type (ST) 10, closely related to Brazilian human isolates. At the same time, USP-MG-W is part of clonal complex 155 (ST683), associated with international livestock and poultry strains. Remarkably, this study is the first report of\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    ST10 in Brazilian rivers and ST683 with\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CTX\u2212M\u221265<\/jats:sub>\n                    in Brazil. The detection of ESBL clones in freshwater underscores the role of the environment as a reservoir of critical priority pathogens. These findings highlight the urgent need for a One Health approach to the AMR crisis and for strengthening the epidemiological surveillance of ESBL-producing Enterobacterales beyond human settings.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-026-04790-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T19:46:50Z","timestamp":1771703210000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Global Clones of Escherichia coli CTX-M-15\/ST10 and CTX-M-65\/ ST683 Isolated from Brazilian Recreational Freshwater"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Renata","family":"Gaino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0247-6905","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda","family":"Haisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9153-1485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o P.","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4147-3985","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Guillen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4725-0125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e1bio P.","family":"Sellera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6444-9788","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcos B.","family":"Heinemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6397-605X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nat\u00e1lia C.","family":"Gaeta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"4790_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pitt SJ, Gunn A (2024) The one health concept. 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