{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T10:02:28Z","timestamp":1784800948555,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781568000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003093","name":"Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["(Grant No. FRGS\/1\/2024\/SKKO3\/USM\/02\/1)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(Grant No. FRGS\/1\/2024\/SKKO3\/USM\/02\/1)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003093","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Malaysia, Higher Education Centre of Excellence","award":["(grant no. A305\u2011KR\u2011AKH002\u20110004401005\u20110000)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(grant no. A305\u2011KR\u2011AKH002\u20110004401005\u20110000)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Curr Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-026-04984-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T14:48:52Z","timestamp":1781621332000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["An Optimized and Systematically Integrated Expression, Extraction, and Purification Strategy Enabling Efficient Production of TCR-Like Antibodies in Escherichia coli."],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Bassam Ali","family":"Sachit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvia","family":"Dass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rehasri Selva","family":"Rajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gee Jun","family":"Tye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Venugopal","family":"Balakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"4984_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612824666180117120437","volume":"24","author":"SM Hayat","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hayat SM et al (2018) Recombinant protein expression in Escherichia coli (E. coli): what we need to know. Curr Pharm Design 24(6):718\u2013725. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1381612824666180117120437","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Design"},{"issue":"8","key":"4984_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3451","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-016-7388-9","volume":"100","author":"R Kunert","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kunert R, Reinhart D (2016) Advances in recombinant antibody manufacturing. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 100(8):3451\u20133461. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00253-016-7388-9","journal-title":"Appl Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"issue":"17","key":"4984_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6324","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21176324","volume":"21","author":"A Sandomenico","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sandomenico A, Sivaccumar JP, Ruvo M (2020) Evolution of Escherichia coli expression system in producing antibody recombinant fragments. Int J Mol Sci 21(17):6324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms21176324","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4984_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2017.01.009","volume":"116","author":"BV Ayyar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ayyar BV, Arora S, Ravi SS (2017) Optimizing antibody expression: The nuts and bolts. Methods 116:51\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ymeth.2017.01.009","journal-title":"Methods"},{"issue":"5","key":"4984_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiosc.2015.03.009","volume":"120","author":"YJ Lee","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lee YJ, Jeong KJ (2015) Challenges to production of antibodies in bacteria and yeast. J Biosci Bioeng 120(5):483\u2013490. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbiosc.2015.03.009","journal-title":"J Biosci Bioeng"},{"key":"4984_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2014.00172","volume":"5","author":"GL Rosano","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rosano GL, Ceccarelli EA (2014) Recombinant protein expression in Escherichia coli: advances and challenges. Front Microbiol 5:172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2014.00172","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"4984_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2422","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.6.7.1563594","volume":"6","author":"ES Ward","year":"1992","unstructured":"Ward ES (1992) Antibody engineering: the use of Escherichia coli as an expression host. FASEB J 6(7):2422\u20132427. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1096\/fasebj.6.7.1563594","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"issue":"1","key":"4984_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2859-12-73","volume":"12","author":"K Ukkonen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ukkonen K et al (2013) Effect of culture medium, host strain and oxygen transfer on recombinant Fab antibody fragment yield and leakage to medium in shaken E. coli cultures. Microb Cell Fact 12(1):73. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1475-2859-12-73","journal-title":"Microb Cell Fact"},{"issue":"2","key":"4984_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.15171\/apb.2016.026","volume":"6","author":"A Mohajeri","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mohajeri A et al (2016) Cloning and expression of recombinant human endostatin in periplasm of escherichia coli expression system. Adv Pharm Bull 6(2):187. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15171\/apb.2016.026","journal-title":"Adv Pharm Bull"},{"issue":"1","key":"4984_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-018-2531-y","volume":"17","author":"CH Leow","year":"2018","unstructured":"Leow CH et al (2018) Isolation and characterization of malaria PfHRP2 specific VNAR antibody fragments from immunized shark phage display library. Malar J 17(1):383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12936-018-2531-y","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"key":"4984_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1385\/1-59259-666-5:245","volume-title":"Antibody Engineering: Methods and Protocols","author":"KA Charlton","year":"2004","unstructured":"Charlton KA (2004) Expression and isolation of recombinant antibody fragments in E. coli. Antibody Engineering: Methods and Protocols. Springer, pp 245\u2013254. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1385\/1-59259-666-5:245"},{"key":"4984_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.5772\/67306","volume":"13","author":"V-MN Idalia","year":"2017","unstructured":"Idalia V-MN, Bernardo F (2017) Escherichia coli as a model organism and its application in biotechnology. Recent Adv Physiol Pathog Biotechnol Appl Tech Open Rij Croat 13:253\u2013274. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5772\/67306","journal-title":"Recent Adv Physiol Pathog Biotechnol Appl Tech Open Rij Croat"},{"issue":"7","key":"4984_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1043","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.1043","volume":"9","author":"D Chai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chai D et al (2020) The optimization system for preparation of TG1 competent cells and electrotransformation. MicrobiologyOpen 9(7):e1043. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mbo3.1043","journal-title":"MicrobiologyOpen"},{"issue":"4","key":"4984_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1080\/07388551.2020.1742646","volume":"40","author":"L Jia","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jia L et al (2020) Expression and purification of amyloid \u03b2-protein, tau, and \u03b1-synuclein in Escherichia coli: a review. Crit Rev Biotechnol 40(4):475\u2013489. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/07388551.2020.1742646","journal-title":"Crit Rev Biotechnol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4984_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pep.2004.04.025","volume":"37","author":"L Dumon-Seignovert","year":"2004","unstructured":"Dumon-Seignovert L, Cariot G, Vuillard L (2004) The toxicity of recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli: a comparison of overexpression in BL21 (DE3), C41 (DE3), and C43 (DE3). Protein Exp Purif 37(1):203\u2013206. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pep.2004.04.025","journal-title":"Protein Exp Purif"},{"issue":"3","key":"4984_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1007\/s40259-020-00417-y","volume":"34","author":"SK Dondapati","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dondapati SK et al (2020) Cell-free protein synthesis: a promising option for future drug development. BioDrugs 34(3):327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40259-020-00417-y","journal-title":"BioDrugs"},{"key":"4984_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ma H, O\u2019Kennedy R (2016) Generation and optimisation of antibodies for biosensor applications. Nanobiosensors for Personalized and Onsite Biomedical Diagnosis; The Institution of Engineering and Technology: London, UK, : pp. 209\u2013230. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1049\/PBHE001E_ch11","DOI":"10.1049\/PBHE001E_ch11"},{"key":"4984_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2013.00217","volume":"4","author":"A Frenzel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Frenzel A, Hust M, Schirrmann T (2013) Expression of recombinant antibodies. Front Immunol 4:217. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2013.00217","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"4984_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1759(00)00196-4","volume":"241","author":"MJ McMahon","year":"2000","unstructured":"McMahon MJ, O\u2019Kennedy R (2000) Polyreactivity as an acquired artefact, rather than a physiologic property, of antibodies: evidence that monoreactive antibodies may gain the ability to bind to multiple antigens after exposure to low pH. J Immunol Methods 241(1\u20132):1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0022-1759(00)00196-4","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"},{"key":"4984_CR20","first-page":"22","volume":"1","author":"AY Chang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chang AY et al (2017) Preparation of calcium competent Escherichia coli and heat-shock transformation. JEMI methods 1:22\u201325","journal-title":"JEMI methods"},{"issue":"1","key":"4984_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1816","DOI":"10.1002\/0471142735.im1816s87","volume":"87","author":"M Toebes","year":"2009","unstructured":"Toebes M et al (2009) Generation of peptide MHC class I monomers and multimers through ligand exchange. Curr protocols Immunol 87(1):1816. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/0471142735.im1816s87","journal-title":"Curr protocols Immunol"},{"issue":"11","key":"4984_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2376","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18112376","volume":"18","author":"A Rahumatullah","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rahumatullah A et al (2017) Antibody-based protective immunity against helminth infections: Antibody phage display derived antibodies against B m R1 antigen. Int J Mol Sci 18(11):2376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms18112376","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"4984_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1186\/s13568-020-01063-x","volume":"10","author":"E Ghamghami","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ghamghami E et al (2020) Optimization of Tris\/EDTA\/Sucrose (TES) periplasmic extraction for the recovery of functional scFv antibodies. AMB Express 10(1):129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13568-020-01063-x","journal-title":"AMB Express"},{"issue":"2","key":"4984_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2011.448","volume":"7","author":"R Rouet","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rouet R et al (2012) Expression of high-affinity human antibody fragments in bacteria. Nat Protoc 7(2):364\u2013373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nprot.2011.448","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"issue":"18","key":"4984_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2805","DOI":"10.1002\/cbic.202100257","volume":"22","author":"E Falgenhauer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Falgenhauer E et al (2021) Evaluation of an E. coli cell extract prepared by lysozyme-assisted sonication via gene expression, phage assembly and proteomics. ChemBioChem 22(18):2805\u20132813. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cbic.202100257","journal-title":"ChemBioChem"},{"issue":"4","key":"4984_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0154614","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0154614","volume":"11","author":"K Fujiwara","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fujiwara K, Doi N (2016) Biochemical preparation of cell extract for cell-free protein synthesis without physical disruption. PLoS ONE 11(4):e0154614. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0154614","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"4984_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A. 3M. 1","DOI":"10.1002\/9780471729259.mca03ms22","volume":"22","author":"JM Manns","year":"2011","unstructured":"Manns JM (2011) SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS\u2010PAGE) of proteins. Curr Protoc Microbiol 22(1):A. 3M. 1-A. 3M. 13. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/9780471729259.mca03ms22","journal-title":"Curr Protoc Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4984_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.3993","volume":"30","author":"AB Schroeder","year":"2021","unstructured":"Schroeder AB et al (2021) The ImageJ ecosystem: Open-source software for image visualization, processing, and analysis. Protein Sci 30(1):234\u2013249. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pro.3993","journal-title":"Protein Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"4984_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e546","DOI":"10.1002\/cpz1.546","volume":"2","author":"V Mishra","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mishra V (2022) Dot-blotting: a quick method for expression analysis of recombinant proteins. Curr Protoco 2(9):e546. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cpz1.546","journal-title":"Curr Protoco"},{"issue":"8","key":"4984_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0181455","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0181455","volume":"12","author":"SK Gupta","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gupta SK et al (2017) Metabolic engineering of CHO cells for the development of a robust protein production platform. PLoS ONE 12(8):e0181455. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0181455","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"14","key":"4984_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2408","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2011.08163.x","volume":"278","author":"P Gatti-Lafranconi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gatti-Lafranconi P et al (2011) Concepts and tools to exploit the potential of bacterial inclusion bodies in protein science and biotechnology. FEBS J 278(14):2408\u20132418. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2011.08163.x","journal-title":"FEBS J"},{"issue":"1","key":"4984_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2859-10-32","volume":"10","author":"T Makino","year":"2011","unstructured":"Makino T, Skretas G, Georgiou G (2011) Strain engineering for improved expression of recombinant proteins in bacteria. Microb Cell Fact 10(1):32. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1475-2859-10-32","journal-title":"Microb Cell Fact"},{"issue":"1","key":"4984_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s13568-018-0727-8","volume":"9","author":"IM Kasli","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kasli IM, Thomas OR, Overton TW (2019) Use of a design of experiments approach to optimise production of a recombinant antibody fragment in the periplasm of Escherichia coli: selection of signal peptide and optimal growth conditions. AMB Express 9(1):5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13568-018-0727-8","journal-title":"AMB Express"},{"key":"4984_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1093\/femsle\/fny162","volume":"365","author":"T Castineiras","year":"2018","unstructured":"Castineiras T et al (2018) E. coli strain engineering for the production of advanced biopharmaceutical products, FEMS (Fed. Eur. Microbiol. Soc.). Microbiol Lett 365:15. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/femsle\/fny162","journal-title":"Microbiol Lett"},{"issue":"5","key":"4984_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.4172\/2157-7013.1000221","volume":"6","author":"BC Joseph","year":"2015","unstructured":"Joseph BC et al (2015) An overview of the parameters for recombinant protein expression in Escherichia coli. J Cell Sci Ther 6(5):221. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4172\/2157-7013.1000221","journal-title":"J Cell Sci Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"4984_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pep.2004.10.012","volume":"39","author":"BH Joshi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Joshi BH, Puri RK (2005) Optimization of expression and purification of two biologically active chimeric fusion proteins that consist of human interleukin-13 and Pseudomonas exotoxin in Escherichia coli. Protein Exp Purif 39(2):189\u2013198. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pep.2004.10.012","journal-title":"Protein Exp Purif"},{"issue":"1","key":"4984_CR37","first-page":"75","volume":"10","author":"V Akbari","year":"2015","unstructured":"Akbari V et al (2015) Optimization of a single-chain antibody fragment overexpression in Escherichia coli using response surface methodology. Res Pharm Sci 10(1):75\u201383","journal-title":"Res Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"4984_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1080\/10826068.2024.2394446","volume":"55","author":"P Saroha","year":"2025","unstructured":"Saroha P, Patil RS, Rathore AS (2025) Recent advancements in soluble expression of recombinant antibody fragments in microbial host systems. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 55(2):131\u2013140. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10826068.2024.2394446","journal-title":"Prep Biochem Biotechnol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4984_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/S0141-0229(96)00003-8","volume":"19","author":"C French","year":"1996","unstructured":"French C, Keshavarz-Moore E, Ward JM (1996) Development of a simple method for the recovery of recombinant proteins from the Escherichia coli periplasm. Enzym Microb Technol 19(5):332\u2013338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0141-0229(96)00003-8","journal-title":"Enzym Microb Technol"},{"key":"4984_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108009","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bej.2021.108009","volume":"171","author":"S Ramalakshmi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ramalakshmi S et al (2021) Investigation of selective release of periplasmic proteins through pore size analysis and single-cell microscopy in Escherichia coli. Biochem Eng J 171:108009. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bej.2021.108009","journal-title":"Biochem Eng J"},{"issue":"3","key":"4984_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.2144\/0000113924","volume":"53","author":"P Shrestha","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shrestha P, Holland TM, Bundy BC (2012) Streamlined extract preparation for Escherichia coli-based cell-free protein synthesis by sonication or bead vortex mixing. Biotechniques 53(3):163\u2013174. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2144\/0000113924","journal-title":"Biotechniques"},{"issue":"1","key":"4984_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bej.2005.08.037","volume":"28","author":"L-J Chien","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chien L-J, Lee C-K (2006) Synergistic effect of co-expressing D-amino acid oxidase with T7 lysozyme on self-disruption of Escherichia coli cell. Biochem Eng J 28(1):17\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bej.2005.08.037","journal-title":"Biochem Eng J"},{"key":"4984_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-3605-3_10","volume-title":"Alpha-1 Antitrypsin: Methods and Protocols","author":"M Blackwood","year":"2023","unstructured":"Blackwood M, Tang Q, Gruntman AM (2023) Serum Western Blot for the Detection of a c-Myc Protein Tag in Non-human Primates and Mice. Alpha-1 Antitrypsin: Methods and Protocols. Springer, pp 107\u2013112. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-0716-3605-3_10"},{"issue":"1","key":"4984_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2259093","DOI":"10.1080\/21655979.2023.2259093","volume":"14","author":"A Kuwahara","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kuwahara A et al (2023) Functional integration of protein A binding ability to antibody fragments for convenient and tag-free purification. Bioengineered 14(1):2259093. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/21655979.2023.2259093","journal-title":"Bioengineered"},{"key":"4984_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113909","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2020.113909","volume":"609","author":"M Zarrineh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zarrineh M et al (2020) Mechanism of antibodies purification by protein A. Anal Biochem 609:113909. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ab.2020.113909","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"issue":"14","key":"4984_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4168","DOI":"10.1021\/jp111216g","volume":"115","author":"B Huang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Huang B et al (2011) Molecular mechanism of the affinity interactions between protein A and human immunoglobulin G1 revealed by molecular simulations. J Phys Chem B 115(14):4168\u20134176. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/jp111216g","journal-title":"J Phys Chem B"},{"issue":"10","key":"4984_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5399","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.10.5399","volume":"97","author":"M Graille","year":"2000","unstructured":"Graille M et al (2000) Crystal structure of a Staphylococcus aureus protein A domain complexed with the Fab fragment of a human IgM antibody: structural basis for recognition of B-cell receptors and superantigen activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci 97(10):5399\u20135404. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.97.10.5399","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"4984_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2015.06.064","volume":"1409","author":"J Bach","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bach J et al (2015) Differential binding of heavy chain variable domain 3 antigen binding fragments to protein a chromatography resins. J Chromatogr A 1409:60\u201369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chroma.2015.06.064","journal-title":"J Chromatogr A"},{"issue":"7","key":"4984_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines9070790","volume":"9","author":"W-B Zhao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhao W-B et al (2021) Soluble expression of Fc-fused T cell receptors allows yielding novel bispecific T cell engagers. Biomedicines 9(7):790. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biomedicines9070790","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"issue":"3","key":"4984_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1093\/jb\/mvaa042","volume":"168","author":"C Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu C et al (2020) Convenient method of producing cyclic single-chain Fv antibodies by split-intein-mediated protein ligation and chaperone co-expression. J Biochem 168(3):257\u2013263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jb\/mvaa042","journal-title":"J Biochem"}],"container-title":["Current Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00284-026-04984-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00284-026-04984-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00284-026-04984-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T09:14:45Z","timestamp":1784798085000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00284-026-04984-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["4984"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00284-026-04984-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0343-8651","1432-0991"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0343-8651","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0991","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for Publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"429"}}