{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T17:00:58Z","timestamp":1790096458964,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783728000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783728000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Curr Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-026-05062-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T18:46:57Z","timestamp":1783795617000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["In Vitro Anti-infective Efficacy of Green Coffee Bean Extract against Multidrug-resistant Bacteria and in Silico Analysis for Drug-like Properties of Bioactive Compounds"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Shirjeel Ahmad","family":"Siddiqui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farhat","family":"Vakil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nishkarsha","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8447-4497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iqbal","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Shahid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"5062_CR1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2022) Global antimicrobial resistance and use surveillance system (GLASS) report 2022. World Health Organization. https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789240062702"},{"issue":"10459","key":"5062_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)01867-1","volume":"404","author":"M Naghavi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Naghavi M, Vollset SE, Ikuta KS, Swetschinski LR, Gray AP, Wool EE, Dekker DM (2024) Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance 1990\u20132021: A systematic analysis with forecasts to 2050. Lancet 404(10459):1199\u20131226. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)01867-1","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"5062_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(25)00118-5","author":"H Sati","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sati H, Carrara E, Savoldi A, Hansen P, Garlasco J, Campagnaro E, Boccia S (2025) The WHO bacterial priority pathogens list 2024: A prioritisation study to guide research, development, and public health strategies against antimicrobial resistance. Lancet Infect Dis. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1473-3099(25)00118-5. Advance online publication","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"5062_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1615","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16111615","volume":"16","author":"G Muteeb","year":"2023","unstructured":"Muteeb G, Rehman MT, Shahwan M, Aatif M (2023) Origin of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance, and their impacts on drug development: A narrative review. Pharmaceuticals 16(11):1615. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ph16111615","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"issue":"5","key":"5062_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-022-00820-y","volume":"21","author":"EM Darby","year":"2023","unstructured":"Darby EM, Trampari E, Siasat P, Gaya MS, Alav I, Webber MA, Blair JMA (2023) Molecular mechanisms of antibiotic resistance revisited. Nat Rev Microbiol 21(5):280\u2013295. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41579-022-00820-y","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"5062_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-019-0158-9","volume":"17","author":"H-C Flemming","year":"2019","unstructured":"Flemming H-C, Wuertz S (2019) Bacteria and archaea on Earth and their abundance in biofilms. Nat Rev Microbiol 17(4):247\u2013260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41579-019-0158-9","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"5062_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-16-9097-6_15","volume-title":"Beta-Lactam Resistance in Gram-Negative Bacteria: Threats and Challenges","author":"I Ahmad","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ahmad I, Siddiqui SA, Samreen, Suman K, Qais FA (2022) Environmental biofilms as reservoir of antibiotic resistance and hotspot for genetic exchange in bacteria. Beta-Lactam Resistance in Gram-Negative Bacteria: Threats and Challenges. Springer, Singapore, pp 237\u2013265. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-981-16-9097-6_15Nature Singapore"},{"key":"5062_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793615","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.793615","volume":"9","author":"S Roy","year":"2022","unstructured":"Roy S, Chowdhury G, Mukhopadhyay AK, Dutta S, Basu S (2022) Convergence of biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii infection. Front Med 9:793615. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2022.793615","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"5062_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcma.2017.07.012","volume":"81","author":"M Jamal","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jamal M, Ahmad W, Andleeb S, Jalil F, Imran M, Nawaz MA, Kamil MA (2018) Bacterial biofilm and associated infections. J Chin Med Association 81(1):7\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcma.2017.07.012","journal-title":"J Chin Med Association"},{"key":"5062_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"P Rumbaugh K, Ahmad I (2014) Antibiofilm Agents. Springer Ser Biofilms 8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-53833-9","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-53833-9"},{"key":"5062_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Danquah, C. A., Minkah, P. A. B., Agana, T. A., Moyo, P., Tetteh, M., Junior, I. O.D., \u2026 Maharaj, V. J. (2022). Natural Products as Antibiofilm. Focus on bacterial biofilms, 203. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5772\/intechopen.104434","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.104434"},{"key":"5062_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1000974","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.1000974","volume":"13","author":"YX Zhou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhou YX, Cao XY, Peng C (2022) Antimicrobial activity of natural products against MDR bacteria: A scientometric visualization analysis. Front Pharmacol 13:1000974. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2022.1000974","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"4","key":"5062_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.3390\/life13040948","volume":"13","author":"R Jadimurthy","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jadimurthy R, Jagadish S, Nayak SC, Kumar S, Mohan CD, Rangappa KS (2023) Phytochemicals as invaluable sources of potent antimicrobial agents to combat antibiotic resistance. Life 13(4):948. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/life13040948","journal-title":"Life"},{"key":"5062_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Asma, S. T., Imre, K., Morar, A., Herman, V., Acaroz, U., Mukhtar, H., \u2026 Gerlach,R. (2022). An overview of biofilm formation\u2013combating strategies and mechanisms of action of antibiofilm agents. Life, 12(8), 1110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/life12081110","DOI":"10.3390\/life12081110"},{"issue":"1","key":"5062_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-023-03572-x","volume":"81","author":"I Samreen, Ahmad","year":"2024","unstructured":"Samreen, Ahmad I, Siddiqui SA, Naseer A, Nazir A (2024) Efflux pump inhibition-based screening and anti-infective evaluation of Punica granatum against bacterial pathogens. Curr Microbiol 81(1):51. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00284-023-03572-x","journal-title":"Curr Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5062_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-024-04209-8","volume":"207","author":"Samreen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Samreen, Ahmad I (2025) Antibacterial and anti-biofilm efficacy of 1,4-naphthoquinone against Chromobacterium violaceum: An in vitro and in silico investigation. Arch Microbiol 207(1):11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00203-024-04209-8","journal-title":"Arch Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5062_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1007\/s00217-019-03388-9","volume":"246","author":"K Kr\u00f3l","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kr\u00f3l K, Gantner M, Tatarak A, Hallmann E (2020) The content of polyphenols in coffee beans as roasting, origin and storage effect. Eur Food Res Technol 246(1):33\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00217-019-03388-9","journal-title":"Eur Food Res Technol"},{"key":"5062_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Farah A (2012) Coffee constituents. In: Chu Y-F (ed) Coffee: Emerging health effects and disease prevention. Wiley-Blackwell, pp 21\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/9781119949893.ch2","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119949893.ch2"},{"issue":"7","key":"5062_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2408","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.2852","volume":"10","author":"H Wu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wu H, Lu P, Liu Z, Sharifi-Rad J, Suleria HAR (2022) Impact of roasting on the phenolic and volatile compounds in coffee beans. Food Sci Nutr 10(7):2408\u20132425. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/fsn3.2852","journal-title":"Food Sci Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"5062_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms13020215","volume":"13","author":"R Castro-D\u00edaz","year":"2025","unstructured":"Castro-D\u00edaz R, Silva-Beltr\u00e1n NP, G\u00e1mez-Meza N, Calder\u00f3n K (2025) The antimicrobial effects of coffee and by-products and their potential applications in healthcare and agricultural sectors: A state-of-the-art review. Microorganisms 13(2):215. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/microorganisms13020215","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"5062_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pacetti D, Lucci P, Frega NG (2015) Unsaponifiable matter of coffee. In V. R. Preedy (Ed.), Coffee in health and disease prevention (pp. 119\u2013127). Academic Press. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-12-409517-5.00013-5","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-409517-5.00013-5"},{"key":"5062_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2019.05.029","volume":"123","author":"GR Romualdo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Romualdo GR, Rocha AB, Vinken M, Cogliati B, Moreno FS, Chaves MAG, Barbisan LF (2019) Drinking for protection? Epidemiological and experimental evidence on the beneficial effects of coffee or major coffee compounds against gastrointestinal and liver carcinogenesis. Food Res Int 123:567\u2013589. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.foodres.2019.05.029","journal-title":"Food Res Int"},{"key":"5062_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Suryanti, E., Retnowati, D., Prastya, M. E., Ariani, N., Yati, I., Permatasari, V.,\u2026 Batubara, I. (2023). Chemical composition, antioxidant, antibacterial, antibiofilm,and cytotoxic activities of robusta coffee extract (Coffea canephora). HAYATI Journal of Biosciences, 30(4), 632\u2013642. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4308\/hjb.30.4.632-642","DOI":"10.4308\/hjb.30.4.632-642"},{"key":"5062_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2021.101373","volume":"46","author":"H Wu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wu H, Gu J, Nawaz MA, Barrow CJ, Dunshea FR, Suleria HAR (2022) Effect of processing on bioaccessibility and bioavailability of bioactive compounds in coffee beans. Food Bioscience 46:101373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fbio.2021.101373","journal-title":"Food Bioscience"},{"issue":"6","key":"5062_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.3390\/resources14060095","volume":"14","author":"WA Atondo-Echeagaray","year":"2025","unstructured":"Atondo-Echeagaray WA, Torres-Mart\u00ednez BDM, Vargas-S\u00e1nchez RD, Torrescano-Urrutia GR, Huerta-Leidenz N, S\u00e1nchez-Escalante A (2025) Green coffee bean extracts: An alternative to improve the microbial and oxidative stability of ground beef. Resources 14(6):95. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/resources14060095","journal-title":"Resources"},{"issue":"9","key":"5062_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e03934","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.03934-23","volume":"12","author":"M Sheikhy","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sheikhy M, Karbasizade V, Ghanadian M, Fazeli H (2024) Evaluation of chlorogenic acid and carnosol for anti-efflux pump and anti-biofilm activities against extensively drug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Microbiol Spectr 12(9):e03934\u2013e03923. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/spectrum.03934-23","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"issue":"1","key":"5062_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/s44187-025-00450-2","volume":"5","author":"DP Putra","year":"2025","unstructured":"Putra DP, Sunarti TC, Syamsu K, Fahma F (2025) Sustainability of coffee solid waste as a source of chlorogenic acid to food\u2019s antimicrobial and antioxidant application. Discover Food 5(1):177. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s44187-025-00450-2","journal-title":"Discover Food"},{"issue":"8","key":"5062_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e218975","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.52539","volume":"16","author":"M Zubair","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zubair M (2024) Antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activities of Coffea arabica L. against clinical strains isolated from diabetic foot ulcers. Cureus 16(8):e218975. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.52539","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"5062_CR29","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (2023) Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (33rd ed., CLSI Supplement M100). Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. https:\/\/clsi.org\/shop\/standards\/m100"},{"key":"5062_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Harborne AJ (1998) Phytochemical methods: A guide to modern techniques of plant analysis (3rd ed.). Springer. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-94-009-5570-7","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-009-5570-7"},{"key":"5062_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42266","DOI":"10.1038\/srep42266","volume":"7","author":"NA Al-Shabib","year":"2017","unstructured":"Al-Shabib NA, Husain FM, Ahmed F, Khan RA, Ahmad I, Alsharaeh E, Aliev G et al (2017) Erratum: Biogenic synthesis of zinc oxide nanostructures from Nigella sativa seed: Prospective role as food packaging material inhibiting broad-spectrum quorum sensing and biofilm. Sci Rep 7:42266. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep42266","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"5062_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2437","DOI":"10.3791\/2437","volume":"47","author":"GA O\u2019Toole","year":"2011","unstructured":"O\u2019Toole GA (2011) Microtiter dish biofilm formation assay. J Visualized Experiments 47:e2437. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3791\/2437","journal-title":"J Visualized Experiments"},{"issue":"2","key":"5062_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.15.2.167-193.2002","volume":"15","author":"RM Donlan","year":"2002","unstructured":"Donlan RM, Costerton JW (2002) Biofilms: Survival mechanisms of clinically relevant microorganisms. Clin Microbiol Rev 15(2):167\u2013193. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/CMR.15.2.167-193.2002","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"5062_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vakil F, Siddiqui SA, Ahmad I, Fatima S, Tariq A, Shahid M (2025) A three-dimensional copper (II) MOF with sql topology: Design, crystal structure, supramolecular features, and antimicrobial activity. J Mol Struct 144072. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molstruc.2025.144072","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2025.144072"},{"key":"5062_CR35","unstructured":"AOAC International (2016) Official methods of analysis of AOAC International (20th ed.). AOAC International. https:\/\/members.aoac.org\/AOAC\/AOAC\/Store_Home.aspx?"},{"issue":"W1","key":"5062_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"W5","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkab255","volume":"49","author":"G Xiong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xiong G, Wu Z, Yi J, Fu L, Yang Z, Hsieh C, He Q, Gao S, Yin M, Zeng X, Wu C, Lu A, Chen X, Hou T, Cao D (2021) ADMETlab 2.0: An integrated online platform for accurate and comprehensive predictions of ADMET properties. Nucleic Acids Res 49(W1):W5\u2013W14. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkab255","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"issue":"19","key":"5062_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2398","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btq444","volume":"26","author":"DW Ritchie","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ritchie DW, Venkatraman V (2010) Ultra-fast FFT protein docking on graphics processors. Bioinformatics 26(19):2398\u20132405. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btq444","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"5062_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Abraham MJ, Murtola T, Schulz R, P\u00e1ll S, Smith JC, Hess B, Lindahl E (2015) GROMACS: High performance molecular simulations through multi-level parallelism from laptops to supercomputers. SoftwareX, 1\u20132, 19\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.softx.2015.06.001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.softx.2015.06.001"},{"key":"5062_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"D\u00edaz-Hern\u00e1ndez, G. C., Alvarez-Fitz, P., Maldonado-Astudillo, Y. I., Jim\u00e9nez-Hern\u00e1ndez,J., Parra-Rojas, I., Flores-Alfaro, E., \u2026 Ram\u00edrez, M. (2022). Antibacterial, antiradical and antiproliferative potential of green, roasted, and spent coffee extracts. Applied Sciences, 12(4), 1938. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/app12041938","DOI":"10.3390\/app12041938"},{"issue":"2","key":"5062_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms13020454","volume":"13","author":"A Barbarossa","year":"2025","unstructured":"Barbarossa A, Rosato A, Tardugno R, Carrieri A, Corbo F, Limongelli F, Fumarola L, Fracchiolla G, Carocci A (2025) Antibiofilm effects of plant extracts against Staphylococcus aureus. Microorganisms 13(2):454. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/microorganisms13020454","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"issue":"1","key":"5062_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18903","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-23647-2","volume":"12","author":"B Rathi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rathi B, Gupta S, Kumar P, Kesarwani V, Dhanda RS, Kushwaha SK, Yadav M (2022) Anti-biofilm activity of caffeine against uropathogenic Escherichia coli is mediated by curli biogenesis. Sci Rep 12(1):18903. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-022-23647-2","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"5062_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.4103\/jiaphd.jiaphd_144_22","volume":"21","author":"SA Gupta","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gupta SA, Potdar GV, Jain KD, Jethwa KP, Thakkar VP, Ram SM, Pachpute SR (2023) Antimicrobial effects of green and roasted beans of Coffee robusta and Coffee arabica on Streptococcus mutans: An in vitro comparative study. J Indian Association Public Health Dentistry 21(1):27\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jiaphd.jiaphd_144_22","journal-title":"J Indian Association Public Health Dentistry"},{"key":"5062_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mandal, S., Karmakar, A., Chakraborty, S., Das, S., Khatun, S., Mitra, P., \u2026 Mandal,A. (2024). N-9 methylated caffeine: An alternate potentially active pharmaceutical ingredient to caffeine and its complexation with \u03b2-CD. Journal of Molecular Structure, 1311, 138355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molstruc.2024.138355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2024.138355"},{"key":"5062_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Alyousef, A. A., Husain, F. M., Arshad, M., Ahamad, S. R., Khan, M. S., Qais, F. A.,\u2026 Khan, S. (2021). Myrtus communis and its bioactive phytoconstituent, linalool, interferes with quorum sensing regulated virulence functions and biofilm of uropathogenic bacteria: In vitro and in silico insights. Journal of King Saud University\u2013Science, 33(7), 101588. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jksus.2021.101588","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jksus.2021.101588"}],"container-title":["Current Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00284-026-05062-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00284-026-05062-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00284-026-05062-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T16:02:58Z","timestamp":1790092978000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00284-026-05062-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["5062"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00284-026-05062-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0343-8651","1432-0991"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0343-8651","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-0991","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 July 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"472"}}