{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T13:59:53Z","timestamp":1771682393983,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,16]],"date-time":"2025-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752624000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/deed.de"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,16]],"date-time":"2025-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752624000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/deed.de"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006447","name":"University of Zurich","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006447","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathologie"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Zusammenfassung<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Neuroendokrine (NE) Zellen in der Prostata geh\u00f6ren zum diffusen neuroendokrinen System und finden sich in der normalen Prostata und in azin\u00e4ren Adenokarzinomen, teilweise auch mit Paneth-Zell-\u00e4hnlicher Morphologie.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>NE-Zellen produzieren Peptidhormone und biogene Amine, die parakrin die Differenzierung und das Wachstum der Prostatadr\u00fcsen beeinflussen. Sie zeigen jedoch keine proliferative Aktivit\u00e4t und besitzen keinen Androgenrezeptor (AR).<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>Prostatatumoren mit NE-Differenzierung werden in 5\u00a0Gruppen eingeteilt: (1)\u00a0azin\u00e4re Adenokarzinome mit partieller, nur immunhistochemisch erkennbarer NE-Differenzierung, (2)\u00a0Adenokarzinome mit Paneth-Zell-\u00e4hnlicher Differenzierung, (3)\u00a0NE-Tumoren\/Karzinoide (NET), (4)\u00a0kleinzellige NE-Karzinome (SCNEC) und (5)\u00a0gro\u00dfzellige NE-Karzinome (LCNEC).<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>Die Bedeutung partieller und Paneth-Zell-\u00e4hnlicher Differenzierung in Adenokarzinomen wird diskutiert und spielt im diagnostischen Alltag eine untergeordnete Rolle. NET sind \u00e4u\u00dferst selten und scheinen sich wie NET des Gastrointestinaltraktes zu verhalten. Die SCNEC und LCNEC sind hingegen aggressive Tumoren mit wichtiger klinischer Bedeutung, da sie eine schlechte Prognose besitzen und eine aggressive Therapie n\u00f6tig ist.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>Das therapieassoziierte neuroendokrine Prostatakarzinom (t-NEPC) ist in der 5.\u00a0Auflage der WHO-Klassifikation (2022) erstmals eine eigene Entit\u00e4t. Es entsteht durch Transdifferenzierung via epigenetischer Ver\u00e4nderungen nach Androgenentzug und weist u.\u202fa. einen AR-Verlust und eine hohe Proliferation auf. Wie bei den prim\u00e4ren neuroendokrinen Karzinomen ist eine aggressive Therapie indiziert. Daher ist bei kastrationsresistenten progredienten Prostatakarzinomen eine Verlaufsbiopsie zum Nachweis dieses aggressiven Ph\u00e4notyps zu empfehlen.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00292-025-01447-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,16]],"date-time":"2025-07-16T07:11:36Z","timestamp":1752649896000},"page":"285-293","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Neuroendokrine Differenzierung in Neoplasien der Prostata","Neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate neoplasms. 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