{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:45:35Z","timestamp":1792784735681,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788307200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathologie"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00292-026-01587-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T13:16:57Z","timestamp":1788355017000},"page":"465-471","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Die TNM-Klassifikation des Melanoms","TNM classification of melanoma"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6632-3601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maximilian","family":"Gassenmaier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"1587_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2025.03.046","volume":"93","author":"G Adigbli","year":"2025","unstructured":"Adigbli\u00a0G, Reed\u00a0B, Khera\u00a0B et\u00a0al (2025) Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte scoring improves progression risk prediction in stage II melanoma: A retrospective cohort study. J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol 93:132\u2013140","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"1587_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Altamimi I, Al-Harbi FA, Abdelghani AaA et\u00a0al. (2026) Three-Decade Trends and Future Projections of Malignant Skin Melanoma Burden in the United States and Globally: A\u00a0Pairwise Analysis From the Global Burden of Disease 2023. Am J Clin Oncol","DOI":"10.1097\/COC.0000000000001292"},{"key":"1587_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2024.11.006","volume":"36","author":"T Amaral","year":"2025","unstructured":"Amaral\u00a0T, Ottaviano\u00a0M, Arance\u00a0A et\u00a0al (2025) Cutaneous melanoma: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol 36:10\u201330","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"1587_CR4","unstructured":"Amin Mb ES, Greene Fl, Byrd Dr et\u00a0al. (Hrsg). AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, 8.\u00a0Aufl. Springer, New York; 2017."},{"key":"1587_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2022.0160","volume":"158","author":"M Arnold","year":"2022","unstructured":"Arnold\u00a0M, Singh\u00a0D, Laversanne\u00a0M et\u00a0al (2022) Global Burden of Cutaneous Melanoma in 2020 and Projections to 2040. JAMA Dermatol 158:495\u2013503","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"1587_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6199","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2009.23.4799","volume":"27","author":"CM Balch","year":"2009","unstructured":"Balch\u00a0CM, Gershenwald\u00a0JE, Soong\u00a0SJ et\u00a0al (2009) Final version of 2009 AJCC melanoma staging and classification. J\u00a0Clin Oncol 27:6199\u20136206","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"1587_CR7","unstructured":"Beahrs Oh CD, Rubin P (Hrsg). Manual for Staging of Cancer. American Joint Committee for Cancer Staging and End Results Reporting. Chicago; 1977."},{"key":"1587_CR8","unstructured":"Beahrs Oh HD, Hutter Rvp, Kennedy Bj (Hrsg). Manual for Staging of Cancer. American Joint Committee for Cancer, 4.\u00a0Aufl. Lippincott, Philadelphia; 1992."},{"key":"1587_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/s00292-011-1465-8","volume":"33","author":"H Bosmuller","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bosmuller\u00a0H, Haitchi-Petnehazy\u00a0S, Hintringer\u00a0T et\u00a0al (2012) Mitosis in early invasive malignant melanoma. How reliable is histogenetic classification at stage pT1? Pathologe 33:113\u2013117","journal-title":"Pathologe"},{"key":"1587_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-197011000-00017","volume":"172","author":"A Breslow","year":"1970","unstructured":"Breslow\u00a0A (1970) Thickness, cross-sectional areas and depth of invasion in the prognosis of cutaneous melanoma. Ann Surg 172:902\u2013908","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"1587_CR11","unstructured":"Brierley J GM, O\u2019sullivan B, Rous B, Van Eycken E (Hrsg). Union Against Cancer (UICC): TNM classification of malignant tumours. 9th\u00a0ed. Geneva; 2025."},{"key":"1587_CR12","first-page":"705","volume":"29","author":"WH Clark Jr","year":"1969","unstructured":"Clark\u00a0WH Jr, From\u00a0L, Bernardino\u00a0EA et\u00a0al (1969) The histogenesis and biologic behavior of primary human malignant melanomas of the skin. Cancer Res 29:705\u2013727","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"1587_CR13","unstructured":"Denoix P Nomenclature des cancer. Bull Inst Nat Hyg (Paris) 1944: 69\u201373; 1945: 82\u201384; 1950: 81\u201384; 1952: 743\u2013748."},{"key":"1587_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(20)30062-0","volume":"21","author":"R Dummer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dummer\u00a0R, Brase\u00a0JC, Garrett\u00a0J et\u00a0al (2020) Adjuvant dabrafenib plus trametinib versus placebo in patients with resected, BRAF(V600)-mutant, stage III melanoma (COMBI-AD): exploratory biomarker analyses from a randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 21:358\u2013372","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"1587_CR15","volume-title":"AJCC Cancer Staging Manual","year":"2010","unstructured":"Edge\u00a0SB, Compton\u00a0BD, Cc\u00a0CC, Fritz\u00a0AG, Greene\u00a0FL, Trotti\u00a0A (Hrsg) (2010) AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, 7.\u00a0Aufl. Springer, New York","edition":"7"},{"key":"1587_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2211","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1613210","volume":"376","author":"MB Faries","year":"2017","unstructured":"Faries\u00a0MB, Thompson\u00a0JF, Cochran\u00a0AJ et\u00a0al (2017) Completion Dissection or Observation for Sentinel-Node Metastasis in Melanoma. N Engl J Med 376:2211\u20132222","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1587_CR17","first-page":"910","volume":"14","author":"C Garbe","year":"2016","unstructured":"Garbe\u00a0C, Eigentler\u00a0TK, Bauer\u00a0J et\u00a0al (2016) Mitotic rate in primary melanoma: interobserver and intraobserver reliability, analyzed using H&E sections and immunohistochemistry. J\u00a0Dtsch Dermatol Ges 14:910\u2013915","journal-title":"J Dtsch Dermatol Ges"},{"key":"1587_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2253","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1998.16.6.2253","volume":"16","author":"JE Gershenwald","year":"1998","unstructured":"Gershenwald\u00a0JE, Colome\u00a0MI, Lee\u00a0JE et\u00a0al (1998) Patterns of recurrence following a negative sentinel lymph node biopsy in 243 patients with stage I or II melanoma. J\u00a0Clin Oncol 16:2253\u20132260","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"1587_CR19","first-page":"472","volume":"67","author":"JE Gershenwald","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gershenwald\u00a0JE, Scolyer\u00a0RA, Hess\u00a0KR et\u00a0al (2017) Melanoma staging: Evidence-based changes in the American Joint Committee on Cancer eighth edition cancer staging manual. CA Cancer J Clin 67:472\u2013492","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"1587_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Greene Fl PD, Fleming Id, Fritz Ag et\u00a0al. (Hrsg). AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, 6.\u00a0Aufl. Springer, New York; 2002.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-3656-4"},{"key":"1587_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2017.11.023","volume":"91","author":"JJ Grob","year":"2018","unstructured":"Grob\u00a0JJ, Schadendorf\u00a0D, Lorigan\u00a0P et\u00a0al (2018) Eighth American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) melanoma classification: Let us reconsider stage III. Eur J Cancer 91:168\u2013170","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"1587_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1038\/nature22071","volume":"545","author":"NK Hayward","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hayward\u00a0NK, Wilmott\u00a0JS, Waddell\u00a0N et\u00a0al (2017) Whole-genome landscapes of major melanoma subtypes. Nature 545:175\u2013180","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1587_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2025.4399","volume":"160","author":"TJ Hieken","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hieken\u00a0TJ, Egger\u00a0ME, Angeles\u00a0CV et\u00a0al (2025) Gene Expression Profile-Based Test to Predict Melanoma Sentinel Node Status: The MERLIN_001 Study. JAMA Surg 160:1358\u20131366","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"1587_CR24","unstructured":"Https:\/\/www.krebsdaten.de\/Krebs\/DE\/Content\/Krebsarten\/Melanom\/melanom_node.html. Zugegriffen: 21.\u00a0M\u00e4rz 2026."},{"key":"1587_CR25","unstructured":"International Union Against Cancer (UICC). TNM Classification of Malignant Tumours. Geneva; 1968."},{"key":"1587_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4717","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.33088","volume":"126","author":"M Kashani-Sabet","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kashani-Sabet\u00a0M, Miller\u00a0JR 3rd, Lo\u00a0S et\u00a0al (2020) Reappraisal of the prognostic significance of mitotic rate supports its reincorporation into the melanoma staging system. Cancer 126:4717\u20134725","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"1587_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.23.02355","volume":"42","author":"JJ Luke","year":"2024","unstructured":"Luke\u00a0JJ, Ascierto\u00a0PA, Khattak\u00a0MA et\u00a0al (2024) Pembrolizumab Versus Placebo as Adjuvant Therapy in Resected Stage IIB or IIC Melanoma: Final Analysis of Distant Metastasis-Free Survival in the Phase III KEYNOTE-716 Study. J\u00a0Clin Oncol 42:1619\u20131624","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"1587_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1310460","volume":"370","author":"DL Morton","year":"2014","unstructured":"Morton\u00a0DL, Thompson\u00a0JF, Cochran\u00a0AJ et\u00a0al (2014) Final trial report of sentinel-node biopsy versus nodal observation in melanoma. N Engl J Med 370:599\u2013609","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1587_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-009-0858-x","volume":"17","author":"CR Scoggins","year":"2010","unstructured":"Scoggins\u00a0CR, Martin\u00a0RC, Ross\u00a0MI et\u00a0al (2010) Factors associated with false-negative sentinel lymph node biopsy in melanoma patients. Ann Surg Oncol 17:709\u2013717","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"1587_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1038\/s41379-019-0402-x","volume":"33","author":"RA Scolyer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Scolyer\u00a0RA, Rawson\u00a0RV, Gershenwald\u00a0JE et\u00a0al (2020) Melanoma pathology reporting and staging. Mod Pathol 33:15\u201324","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"1587_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(25)00139-1","volume":"26","author":"MM Syeda","year":"2025","unstructured":"Syeda\u00a0MM, Long\u00a0GV, Garrett\u00a0J et\u00a0al (2025) Clinical validation of droplet digital PCR assays in detecting BRAF(V600)-mutant circulating tumour DNA as a prognostic biomarker in patients with resected stage III melanoma receiving adjuvant therapy (COMBI-AD): a biomarker analysis from a double-blind, randomised phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 26:641\u2013653","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"1587_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4252","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2013.51.3002","volume":"31","author":"NE Thomas","year":"2013","unstructured":"Thomas\u00a0NE, Busam\u00a0KJ, From\u00a0L et\u00a0al (2013) Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte grade in primary melanomas is independently associated with melanoma-specific survival in the population-based genes, environment and melanoma study. J\u00a0Clin Oncol 31:4252\u20134259","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"1587_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2199","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2010.31.5812","volume":"29","author":"JF Thompson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Thompson\u00a0JF, Soong\u00a0SJ, Balch\u00a0CM et\u00a0al (2011) Prognostic significance of mitotic rate in localized primary cutaneous melanoma: an analysis of patients in the multi-institutional American Joint Committee on Cancer melanoma staging database. J\u00a0Clin Oncol 29:2199\u20132205","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"1587_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Versluis JM, Blankenstein SA, Dimitriadis P et\u00a0al. (2024) Interferon-gamma signature as prognostic and predictive marker in macroscopic stage\u00a0III melanoma. J\u00a0Immunother Cancer\u00a012","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2023-008125"},{"key":"1587_CR35","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Technical Report Series, number\u00a053, July 1952, pp.\u00a047\u201348."}],"container-title":["Die Pathologie"],"original-title":[],"language":"de","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00292-026-01587-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00292-026-01587-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00292-026-01587-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:01:51Z","timestamp":1792782111000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00292-026-01587-2"}},"subtitle":["Entwicklung einer Klassifikation und deren Limitationen","Evolution and limitations"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["1587"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00292-026-01587-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["2731-7188","2731-7196"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2731-7188","type":"print"},{"value":"2731-7196","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 March 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 July 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 September 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"M.\u00a0Gassenmaier gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Interessenkonflikt","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien"}},{"value":"F\u00fcr diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autor\/-innen keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgef\u00fchrt. F\u00fcr die aufgef\u00fchrten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien"}}]}}