{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T21:58:15Z","timestamp":1759960695677,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,29]],"date-time":"2016-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1482969600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009032","name":"Pfizer UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009032","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rheumatol Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-016-3635-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,29]],"date-time":"2016-12-29T07:49:27Z","timestamp":1482997767000},"page":"327-336","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Should axial spondyloarthritis without radiographic changes be treated with anti-TNF agents?"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Andrew","family":"Keat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander N.","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karl","family":"Gaffney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Marzo-Ortega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raj","family":"Sengupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tamara","family":"Everiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"3635_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.104117","volume":"69","author":"A Boonen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Boonen A, Braun J, van der Horst Bruinsma IE, Huang F, Maksymowych W, Kostanjsek N, Cieza A, Stucki G, van der Heijde D (2010) ASAS\/WHO ICF Core Sets for ankylosing spondylitis (AS): how to classify the impact of AS on functioning and health. Ann Rheum Dis 69(1):102\u2013107. doi: 10.1136\/ard.2008.104117","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"3635_CR2","first-page":"613","volume":"27","author":"A Zink","year":"2000","unstructured":"Zink A, Braun J, Listing J, Wollenhaupt J (2000) Disability and handicap in rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis\u2013results from the German rheumatological database. German Collaborative Arthritis Centers. J Rheumatol 27(3):613\u2013622","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"3635_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.108233","volume":"68","author":"M Rudwaleit","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rudwaleit M, van der Heijde D, Landewe R, Listing J, Akkoc N, Brandt J, Braun J, Chou CT, Collantes-Estevez E, Dougados M, Huang F, Gu J, Khan MA, Kirazli Y, Maksymowych WP, Mielants H, Sorensen IJ, Ozgocmen S, Roussou E, Valle-Onate R, Weber U, Wei J, Sieper J (2009) The development of Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis (part II): validation and final selection. Ann Rheum Dis 68(6):777\u2013783. doi: 10.1136\/ard.2009.108233","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"3635_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.108217","volume":"68","author":"M Rudwaleit","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rudwaleit M, Landewe R, van der Heijde D, Listing J, Brandt J, Braun J, Burgos-Vargas R, Collantes-Estevez E, Davis J, Dijkmans B, Dougados M, Emery P, van der Horst-Bruinsma IE, Inman R, Khan MA, Leirisalo-Repo M, van der Linden S, Maksymowych WP, Mielants H, Olivieri I, Sturrock R, de Vlam K, Sieper J (2009) The development of Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis (part I): classification of paper patients by expert opinion including uncertainty appraisal. Ann Rheum Dis 68(6):770\u2013776. doi: 10.1136\/ard.2009.108217","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"3635_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2103","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ket244","volume":"52","author":"A Isdale","year":"2013","unstructured":"Isdale A, Keat A, Barkham N, Bennett AN, Gaffney K, Marzo-Ortega H, Sengupta R (2013) Expanding the spectrum of inflammatory spinal disease: aS it was, as it is now. Rheumatology (Oxford) 52(12):2103\u20132105. doi: 10.1093\/rheumatology\/ket244","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"11","key":"3635_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2126","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keu294","volume":"53","author":"A Jones","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jones A, Harrison N, Jones T, Rees JD, Bennett AN (2014) Time to diagnosis of axial spondylarthritis in clinical practice: signs of improving awareness? Rheumatology (Oxford) 53(11):2126\u20132127. doi: 10.1093\/rheumatology\/keu294","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"suppl1","key":"3635_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i143","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keu115.017","volume":"53","author":"M Sykes","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sykes M, Doll H, Sengupta R, Gaffney K (2014) Delay to diagnosis in axial spondyloarthritis: are we improving? Rheumatology (Oxford) 53(suppl1):i143","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"11","key":"3635_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1991","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ker013","volume":"50","author":"L Hamilton","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hamilton L, Gilbert A, Skerrett J, Dickinson S, Gaffney K (2011) Services for people with ankylosing spondylitis in the UK\u2014a survey of rheumatologists and patients. Rheumatology (Oxford) 50(11):1991\u20131998. doi: 10.1093\/rheumatology\/ker013","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"9","key":"3635_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-007-0344-3","volume":"27","author":"V Aloush","year":"2007","unstructured":"Aloush V, Ablin JN, Reitblat T, Caspi D, Elkayam O (2007) Fibromyalgia in women with ankylosing spondylitis. Rheumatol Int 27(9):865\u2013868. doi: 10.1007\/s00296-007-0344-3","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"3635_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R127","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2794","volume":"11","author":"D Heijde van der","year":"2009","unstructured":"van der Heijde D, Salonen D, Weissman BN, Landewe R, Maksymowych WP, Kupper H, Ballal S, Gibson E, Wong R (2009) Assessment of radiographic progression in the spines of patients with ankylosing spondylitis treated with adalimumab for up to 2\u00a0years. Arthritis Res Ther 11(4):R127. doi: 10.1186\/ar2794","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"5","key":"3635_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23471","volume":"58","author":"D Heijde van der","year":"2008","unstructured":"van der Heijde D, Landewe R, Einstein S, Ory P, Vosse D, Ni L, Lin SL, Tsuji W, Davis JC Jr (2008) Radiographic progression of ankylosing spondylitis after up to two years of treatment with etanercept. Arthritis Rheum 58(5):1324\u20131331. doi: 10.1002\/art.23471","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"10","key":"3635_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3063","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23901","volume":"58","author":"D Heijde van der","year":"2008","unstructured":"van der Heijde D, Landewe R, Baraliakos X, Houben H, van Tubergen A, Williamson P, Xu W, Baker D, Goldstein N, Braun J (2008) Radiographic findings following two years of infliximab therapy in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Arthritis Rheum 58(10):3063\u20133070. doi: 10.1002\/art.23901","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"4","key":"3635_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-202698","volume":"73","author":"X Baraliakos","year":"2014","unstructured":"Baraliakos X, Haibel H, Listing J, Sieper J, Braun J (2014) Continuous long-term anti-TNF therapy does not lead to an increase in the rate of new bone formation over 8\u00a0years in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis 73(4):710\u2013715. doi: 10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-202698","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"3635_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3413","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24024","volume":"58","author":"AN Bennett","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bennett AN, McGonagle D, O\u2019Connor P, Hensor EM, Sivera F, Coates LC, Emery P, Marzo-Ortega H (2008) Severity of baseline magnetic resonance imaging-evident sacroiliitis and HLA-B27 status in early inflammatory back pain predict radiographically evident ankylosing spondylitis at 8\u00a0years. Arthritis Rheum 58(11):3413\u20133418. doi: 10.1002\/art.24024","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"6","key":"3635_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.090625","volume":"37","author":"PD Sampaio-Barros","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sampaio-Barros PD, Bortoluzzo AB, Conde RA, Costallat LT, Samara AM, Bertolo MB (2010) Undifferentiated spondyloarthritis: a longterm followup. J Rheumatol 37(6):1195\u20131199. doi: 10.3899\/jrheum.090625","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"8","key":"3635_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.145995","volume":"70","author":"D Poddubnyy","year":"2011","unstructured":"Poddubnyy D, Rudwaleit M, Haibel H, Listing J, Marker-Hermann E, Zeidler H, Braun J, Sieper J (2011) Rates and predictors of radiographic sacroiliitis progression over 2\u00a0years in patients with axial spondyloarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 70(8):1369\u20131374. doi: 10.1136\/ard.2010.145995","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"3635_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.080871","volume":"36","author":"X Baraliakos","year":"2009","unstructured":"Baraliakos X, Listing J, von der Recke A, Braun J (2009) The natural course of radiographic progression in ankylosing spondylitis\u2013evidence for major individual variations in a large proportion of patients. J Rheumatol 36(5):997\u20131002. doi: 10.3899\/jrheum.080871","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"3635_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-013-2931-9","volume":"34","author":"FI Cinar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cinar FI, Cinar M, Yilmaz S, Simsek I, Erdem H, Pay S (2014) Thoughts and perceptions of ankylosing spondylitis patients with regard to TNF inhibitors. Rheumatol Int 34(7):979\u2013986. doi: 10.1007\/s00296-013-2931-9","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"3635_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1002\/msc.146","volume":"7","author":"J Stockdale","year":"2009","unstructured":"Stockdale J, Goodacre L (2009) \u2018It\u2019s magic stuff\u2019: the experiences of patients with ankylosing spondylitis taking anti-TNF-alpha medication. Musculoskeletal Care 7(3):162\u2013177. doi: 10.1002\/msc.146","journal-title":"Musculoskeletal Care"},{"issue":"9","key":"3635_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.62.9.817","volume":"62","author":"J Braun","year":"2003","unstructured":"Braun J, Pham T, Sieper J, Davis J, van der Linden S, Dougados M, van der Heijde D (2003) International ASAS consensus statement for the use of anti-tumour necrosis factor agents in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis 62(9):817\u2013824","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"3635_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2005.041137","volume":"65","author":"J Zochling","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zochling J, van der Heijde D, Burgos-Vargas R, Collantes E, Davis JC Jr, Dijkmans B, Dougados M, Geher P, Inman RD, Khan MA, Kvien TK, Leirisalo-Repo M, Olivieri I, Pavelka K, Sieper J, Stucki G, Sturrock RD, van der Linden S, Wendling D, Bohm H, van Royen BJ, Braun J (2006) ASAS\/EULAR recommendations for the management of ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis 65(4):442\u2013452. doi: 10.1136\/ard.2005.041137","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"3635_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2011.151027","volume":"70","author":"J Braun","year":"2011","unstructured":"Braun J, van den Berg R, Baraliakos X, Boehm H, Burgos-Vargas R, Collantes-Estevez E, Dagfinrud H, Dijkmans B, Dougados M, Emery P, Geher P, Hammoudeh M, Inman RD, Jongkees M, Khan MA, Kiltz U, Kvien T, Leirisalo-Repo M, Maksymowych WP, Olivieri I, Pavelka K, Sieper J, Stanislawska-Biernat E, Wendling D, Ozgocmen S, van Drogen C, van Royen B, van der Heijde D (2011) 2010 update of the ASAS\/EULAR recommendations for the management of ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis 70(6):896\u2013904. doi: 10.1136\/ard.2011.151027","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"3635_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2011.151563","volume":"70","author":"D Heijde van der","year":"2011","unstructured":"van der Heijde D, Sieper J, Maksymowych WP, Dougados M, Burgos-Vargas R, Landewe R, Rudwaleit M, Braun J (2011) 2010 Update of the international ASAS recommendations for the use of anti-TNF agents in patients with axial spondyloarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 70(6):905\u2013908. doi: 10.1136\/ard.2011.151563","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"3635_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39298","volume":"68","author":"MM Ward","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ward MM, Deodhar A, Akl EA, Lui A, Ermann J, Gensler LS, Smith JA, Borenstein D, Hiratzka J, Weiss PF, Inman RD, Majithia V, Haroon N, Maksymowych WP, Joyce J, Clark BM, Colbert RA, Figgie MP, Hallegua DS, Prete PE, Rosenbaum JT, Stebulis JA, van den Bosch F, Yu DT, Miller AS, Reveille JD, Caplan L (2016) American College of Rheumatology\/Spondylitis Association of America\/Spondyloarthritis Research and Treatment Network 2015 recommendations for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis and nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 68(2):282\u2013298. doi: 10.1002\/art.39298","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"3635_CR25","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) (2016) Technology appraisal TA383: TNF alpha inhibitors for ankylosing spondylitis and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis"},{"issue":"4","key":"3635_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780270401","volume":"27","author":"S Linden van der","year":"1984","unstructured":"van der Linden S, Valkenburg HA, Cats A (1984) Evaluation of diagnostic criteria for ankylosing spondylitis. A proposal for modification of the New York criteria. Arthritis Rheum 27(4):361\u2013368","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"3635_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i30","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keu086.006","volume":"53","author":"L Hamilton","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hamilton L, Macgregor A, Toms A, Warmington V, Pinch E, Gaffney K (2014) The prevalence of axial spondyloarthropathy in the UK: a cross sectional cohort study in a primary care population. Rheumatology (Oxford) 53(suppl 1):i30\u2013i31","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"3","key":"3635_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22180","volume":"66","author":"L Hoeven van","year":"2014","unstructured":"van Hoeven L, Luime J, Han H, Vergouwe Y, Weel A (2014) Identifying axial spondyloarthritis in dutch primary care patients, ages 20\u201345\u00a0years, with chronic low back pain. Arthritis Care Res 66(3):446\u2013453. doi: 10.1002\/acr.22180","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"3635_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ket387","volume":"53","author":"LE Dean","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dean LE, Jones GT, MacDonald AG, Downham C, Sturrock RD, Macfarlane GJ (2014) Global prevalence of ankylosing spondylitis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 53(4):650\u2013657. doi: 10.1093\/rheumatology\/ket387","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"6","key":"3635_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200006)43:6<1356::AID-ANR20>3.0.CO;2-Y","volume":"43","author":"R Said-Nahal","year":"2000","unstructured":"Said-Nahal R, Miceli-Richard C, Berthelot JM, Duche A, Dernis-Labous E, Le Blevec G, Saraux A, Perdriger A, Guis S, Claudepierre P, Sibilia J, Amor B, Dougados M, Breban M (2000) The familial form of spondylarthropathy: a clinical study of 115 multiplex families. Groupe Francais d\u2019Etude Genetique des Spondylarthropathies. Arthritis Rheum 43(6):1356\u20131365. doi: 10.1002\/1529-0131(200006)43:6<1356:AID-ANR20>3.0.CO;2-Y","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"12","key":"3635_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1998","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-201945","volume":"71","author":"D Poddubnyy","year":"2012","unstructured":"Poddubnyy D, Brandt H, Vahldiek J, Spiller I, Song IH, Rudwaleit M, Sieper J (2012) The frequency of non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis in relation to symptom duration in patients referred because of chronic back pain: results from the Berlin early spondyloarthritis clinic. Ann Rheum Dis 71(12):1998\u20132001. doi: 10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-201945","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"3635_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1007\/s100670170066","volume":"20","author":"PD Sampaio-Barros","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sampaio-Barros PD, Bertolo MB, Kraemer MH, Marques-Neto JF, Samara AM (2001) Undifferentiated spondyloarthropathies: a 2-year follow-up study. Clin Rheumatol 20(3):201\u2013206","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"Suppl2","key":"3635_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2661","volume":"73","author":"F Costantino","year":"2014","unstructured":"Costantino F, Zeboulon-Ktorza N, Said-Nahal R, D\u2019Agostino MA, Breban M (2014) Factors associated with radiographic sacroiliitis in spondyloarthritis (SpA): results from cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses in a cohort of multiples families. Ann Rheum Dis 73(Suppl2):423","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"3635_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2005.043471","volume":"65","author":"G Huerta-Sil","year":"2006","unstructured":"Huerta-Sil G, Casasola-Vargas JC, Londono JD, Rivas-Ruiz R, Chavez J, Pacheco-Tena C, Cardiel MH, Vargas-Alarcon G, Burgos-Vargas R (2006) Low grade radiographic sacroiliitis as prognostic factor in patients with undifferentiated spondyloarthritis fulfilling diagnostic criteria for ankylosing spondylitis throughout follow up. Ann Rheum Dis 65(5):642\u2013646. doi: 10.1136\/ard.2005.043471","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"3635_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2011-200180","volume":"71","author":"HY Chung","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chung HY, Machado P, van der Heijde D, D\u2019Agostino MA, Dougados M (2012) Smokers in early axial spondyloarthritis have earlier disease onset, more disease activity, inflammation and damage, and poorer function and health-related quality of life: results from the DESIR cohort. Ann Rheum Dis 71(6):809\u2013816. doi: 10.1136\/annrheumdis-2011-200180","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"3635_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1002\/art.33465","volume":"64","author":"D Poddubnyy","year":"2012","unstructured":"Poddubnyy D, Haibel H, Listing J, Marker-Hermann E, Zeidler H, Braun J, Sieper J, Rudwaleit M (2012) Baseline radiographic damage, elevated acute-phase reactant levels, and cigarette smoking status predict spinal radiographic progression in early axial spondylarthritis. Arthritis Rheum 64(5):1388\u20131398. doi: 10.1002\/art.33465","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"3635_CR37","first-page":"4","volume":"78","author":"A Boonen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Boonen A, van der Linden SM (2006) The burden of ankylosing spondylitis. J Rheumatol Suppl 78:4\u201311","journal-title":"J Rheumatol Suppl"},{"issue":"4 Suppl 55","key":"3635_CR38","first-page":"S108","volume":"27","author":"U Kiltz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kiltz U, van der Heijde D (2009) Health-related quality of life in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 27(4 Suppl 55):S108\u2013S111","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"3635_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.110901","volume":"88","author":"P Jacobs","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jacobs P, Bissonnette R, Guenther LC (2011) Socioeconomic burden of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: focusing on work productivity and disability. J Rheumatol Suppl 88:55\u201361. doi: 10.3899\/jrheum.110901","journal-title":"J Rheumatol Suppl"},{"issue":"4","key":"3635_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21330","volume":"53","author":"JC Davis","year":"2005","unstructured":"Davis JC, van der Heijde D, Dougados M, Woolley JM (2005) Reductions in health-related quality of life in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and improvements with etanercept therapy. Arthritis Rheum 53(4):494\u2013501. doi: 10.1002\/art.21330","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"4","key":"3635_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1002\/art.11197","volume":"49","author":"R Ariza-Ariza","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ariza-Ariza R, Hernandez-Cruz B, Navarro-Sarabia F (2003) Physical function and health-related quality of life of Spanish patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Arthritis Rheum 49(4):483\u2013487. doi: 10.1002\/art.11197","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"1","key":"3635_CR42","first-page":"86","volume":"8","author":"MA Khan","year":"1981","unstructured":"Khan MA, Khan MK, Kushner I (1981) Survival among patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a life-table analysis. J Rheumatol 8(1):86\u201390","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"11","key":"3635_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197709152971103","volume":"297","author":"EP Radford","year":"1977","unstructured":"Radford EP, Doll R, Smith PG (1977) Mortality among patients with ankylosing spondylitis not given X-ray therapy. N Engl J Med 297(11):572\u2013576. doi: 10.1056\/NEJM197709152971103","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"3635_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.52.3.174","volume":"52","author":"K Lehtinen","year":"1993","unstructured":"Lehtinen K (1993) Mortality and causes of death in 398 patients admitted to hospital with ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis 52(3):174\u2013176","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"3635_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3096","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38140","volume":"65","author":"A Ciurea","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ciurea A, Scherer A, Exer P, Bernhard J, Dudler J, Beyeler B, Kissling R, Stekhoven D, Rufibach K, Tamborrini G, Weiss B, Muller R, Nissen MJ, Michel BA, van der Heijde D, Dougados M, Boonen A, Weber U (2013) Tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibition in radiographic and nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis: results from a large observational cohort. Arthritis Rheum 65(12):3096\u20133106. doi: 10.1002\/art.38140","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"6","key":"3635_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.01.013","volume":"78","author":"M Dougados","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dougados M, d\u2019Agostino MA, Benessiano J, Berenbaum F, Breban M, Claudepierre P, Combe B, Dargent-Molina P, Daures JP, Fautrel B, Feydy A, Goupille P, Leblanc V, Logeart I, Pham T, Richette P, Roux C, Rudwaleit M, Saraux A, Treluyer JM, van der Heijde D, Wendling D (2011) The DESIR cohort: a 10-year follow-up of early inflammatory back pain in France: study design and baseline characteristics of the 708 recruited patients. Joint Bone Spine 78(6):598\u2013603. doi: 10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.01.013","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"issue":"6","key":"3635_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-201545","volume":"72","author":"CE Althoff","year":"2013","unstructured":"Althoff CE, Sieper J, Song IH, Haibel H, Weiss A, Diekhoff T, Rudwaleit M, Freundlich B, Hamm B, Hermann KG (2013) Active inflammation and structural change in early active axial spondyloarthritis as detected by whole-body MRI. Ann Rheum Dis 72(6):967\u2013973. doi: 10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-201545","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"3635_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24483","volume":"60","author":"M Rudwaleit","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rudwaleit M, Haibel H, Baraliakos X, Listing J, Marker-Hermann E, Zeidler H, Braun J, Sieper J (2009) The early disease stage in axial spondylarthritis: results from the German Spondyloarthritis Inception Cohort. Arthritis Rheum 60(3):717\u2013727. doi: 10.1002\/art.24483","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"9","key":"3635_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21688","volume":"64","author":"U Kiltz","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kiltz U, Baraliakos X, Karakostas P, Igelmann M, Kalthoff L, Klink C, Krause D, Schmitz-Bortz E, Florecke M, Bollow M, Braun J (2012) Do patients with non-radiographic axial spondylarthritis differ from patients with ankylosing spondylitis? Arthritis Care Res 64(9):1415\u20131422. doi: 10.1002\/acr.21688","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"3635_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2011-200508","volume":"71","author":"U Kiltz","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kiltz U, Baraliakos X, Karakostas P, Igelmann M, Kalthoff L, Klink C, Krause D, Schmitz-Bortz E, Florecke M, Bollow M, Braun J (2012) The degree of spinal inflammation is similar in patients with axial spondyloarthritis who report high or low levels of disease activity: a cohort study. Ann Rheum Dis 71(7):1207\u20131211. doi: 10.1136\/annrheumdis-2011-200508","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"3635_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204231","volume":"73","author":"R Landewe","year":"2014","unstructured":"Landewe R, Braun J, Deodhar A, Dougados M, Maksymowych WP, Mease PJ, Reveille JD, Rudwaleit M, van der Heijde D, Stach C, Hoepken B, Fichtner A, Coteur G, de Longueville M, Sieper J (2014) Efficacy of certolizumab pegol on signs and symptoms of axial spondyloarthritis including ankylosing spondylitis: 24-week results of a double-blind randomised placebo-controlled Phase 3 study. Ann Rheum Dis 73(1):39\u201347. doi: 10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204231","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"suppl1","key":"3635_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i138","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keu115.005","volume":"53","author":"M Husain","year":"2014","unstructured":"Husain M, Brophy S, Cooksey R, Rahman MA, Pillips CJ, Siebert S (2014) The cost of ankylosing spondylitis to the UK NHS. Rheumatology (Oxford) 53(suppl1):i138","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"5","key":"3635_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e3182514093","volume":"343","author":"JD Reveille","year":"2012","unstructured":"Reveille JD, Ximenes A, Ward MM (2012) Economic considerations of the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis. Am J Med Sci 343(5):371\u2013374. doi: 10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e3182514093","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"3635_CR54","first-page":"246","volume":"30","author":"R Rafia","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rafia R, Ara R, Packham J, Haywood KL, Healey E (2012) Healthcare costs and productivity losses directly attributable to ankylosing spondylitis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 30(2):246\u2013253","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3635_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.3109\/03009742.2010.487838","volume":"40","author":"EL Healey","year":"2011","unstructured":"Healey EL, Haywood KL, Jordan KP, Garratt A, Packham JC (2011) Impact of ankylosing spondylitis on work in patients across the UK. Scand J Rheumatol 40(1):34\u201340. doi: 10.3109\/03009742.2010.487838","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"3635_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i140","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keu115.010","volume":"53","author":"MJ Husain","year":"2014","unstructured":"Husain MJ, Brophy S, Cooksey R, Rahman MA, Phillips CJ, Siebert S (2014) The work-related costs of ankylosing spondylitis in a UK cohort. Rheumatology (Oxford) 53(suppl 1):i140\u2013141","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"3635_CR57","first-page":"S17","volume":"66","author":"LE Dean","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dean LE, MacDonald AG, Sturrock RD, Hunter J, Marshall D, Macfarlane GJ, Jones GT (2014) The impact of ankylosing spondylitis on work impairment: data from the Scotland Registry for ankylosing spondylitis. Arthritis Rheumatol 66(suppl):S17","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"3635_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.116764","volume":"69","author":"A Boonen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Boonen A, Brinkhuizen T, Landewe R, van der Heijde D, Severens JL (2010) Impact of ankylosing spondylitis on sick leave, presenteeism and unpaid productivity, and estimation of the societal cost. Ann Rheum Dis 69(6):1123\u20131128. doi: 10.1136\/ard.2009.116764","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"3635_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1570","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keq131","volume":"49","author":"SM Verstappen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Verstappen SM, Watson KD, Lunt M, McGrother K, Symmons DP, Hyrich KL (2010) Working status in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis: results from the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register. Rheumatology (Oxford) 49(8):1570\u20131577. doi: 10.1093\/rheumatology\/keq131","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"Suppl3","key":"3635_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-eular.312","volume":"72","author":"D Heijde van der","year":"2013","unstructured":"van der Heijde D, Braun J, Rudwaleit M et al (2013) Improvements in work and household productivity after 24\u00a0weeks of certolizumab pegol in treatment of axial spondyloarthritis patients, including patients with ankylosing spondylitis: results of RAPID-AXSPA Study. Ann Rheum Dis 72(Suppl3):87","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"suppl2","key":"3635_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2376","volume":"73","author":"D Heijde van der","year":"2014","unstructured":"van der Heijde D, Joshi A, Mittal M, Pangan A, Chen N, Betts K, Qi C, Bao Y (2014) ASAS40 and ASDAS responses are associated with improved physical function, HRQOL, and work productivity in patients with non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 73(suppl2):715","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"3635_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kep457","volume":"49","author":"MC Reilly","year":"2010","unstructured":"Reilly MC, Gooch KL, Wong RL, Kupper H, van der Heijde D (2010) Validity, reliability and responsiveness of the work productivity and activity impairment questionnaire in ankylosing spondylitis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 49(4):812\u2013819. doi: 10.1093\/rheumatology\/kep457","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"3635_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.141313","author":"M Dougados","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dougados M, Tsai WC, Saaibi DL, Bonin R, Bukowski J, Pedersen R, Vlahos B, Kotak S (2015) Evaluation of health outcomes with etanercept treatment in patients with early nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis. J Rheumatol. doi: 10.3899\/jrheum.141313","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"3635_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2136","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21913","volume":"54","author":"D Heijde van der","year":"2006","unstructured":"van der Heijde D, Kivitz A, Schiff MH, Sieper J, Dijkmans BA, Braun J, Dougados M, Reveille JD, Wong RL, Kupper H, Davis JC Jr (2006) Efficacy and safety of adalimumab in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: results of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum 54(7):2136\u20132146. doi: 10.1002\/art.21913","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"12","key":"3635_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4005","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23044","volume":"56","author":"RG Lambert","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lambert RG, Salonen D, Rahman P, Inman RD, Wong RL, Einstein SG, Thomson GT, Beaulieu A, Choquette D, Maksymowych WP (2007) Adalimumab significantly reduces both spinal and sacroiliac joint inflammation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Arthritis Rheum 56(12):4005\u20134014. doi: 10.1002\/art.23044","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"18","key":"3635_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa012664","volume":"346","author":"JD Gorman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gorman JD, Sack KE, Davis JC Jr (2002) Treatment of ankylosing spondylitis by inhibition of tumor necrosis factor alpha. N Engl J Med 346(18):1349\u20131356. doi: 10.1056\/NEJMoa012664","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"3635_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3230","DOI":"10.1002\/art.11325","volume":"48","author":"JC Davis Jr","year":"2003","unstructured":"Davis JC Jr, Van Der Heijde D, Braun J, Dougados M, Cush J, Clegg DO, Kivitz A, Fleischmann R, Inman R, Tsuji W (2003) Recombinant human tumor necrosis factor receptor (etanercept) for treating ankylosing spondylitis: a randomized, controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum 48(11):3230\u20133236. doi: 10.1002\/art.11325","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"12","key":"3635_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2004.020875","volume":"63","author":"A Calin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Calin A, Dijkmans BA, Emery P, Hakala M, Kalden J, Leirisalo-Repo M, Mola EM, Salvarani C, Sanmarti R, Sany J, Sibilia J, Sieper J, van der Linden S, Veys E, Appel AM, Fatenejad S (2004) Outcomes of a multicentre randomised clinical trial of etanercept to treat ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis 63(12):1594\u20131600. doi: 10.1136\/ard.2004.020875","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"3635_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1572","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.056747","volume":"65","author":"D Heijde van der","year":"2006","unstructured":"van der Heijde D, Da Silva JC, Dougados M, Geher P, van der Horst-Bruinsma I, Juanola X, Olivieri I, Raeman F, Settas L, Sieper J, Szechinski J, Walker D, Boussuge MP, Wajdula JS, Paolozzi L, Fatenejad S (2006) Etanercept 50\u00a0mg once weekly is as effective as 25\u00a0mg twice weekly in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis 65(12):1572\u20131577. doi: 10.1136\/ard.2006.056747","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"3635_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.139261","volume":"70","author":"M Dougados","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dougados M, Braun J, Szanto S, Combe B, Elbaz M, Geher P, Thabut G, Leblanc V, Logeart I (2011) Efficacy of etanercept on rheumatic signs and pulmonary function tests in advanced ankylosing spondylitis: results of a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled study (SPINE). Ann Rheum Dis 70(5):799\u2013804. doi: 10.1136\/ard.2010.139261","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"3635_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3402","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23969","volume":"58","author":"RD Inman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Inman RD, Davis JC Jr, Heijde D, Diekman L, Sieper J, Kim SI, Mack M, Han J, Visvanathan S, Xu Z, Hsu B, Beutler A, Braun J (2008) Efficacy and safety of golimumab in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III trial. Arthritis Rheum 58(11):3402\u20133412. doi: 10.1002\/art.23969","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"9313","key":"3635_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)08215-6","volume":"359","author":"J Braun","year":"2002","unstructured":"Braun J, Brandt J, Listing J, Zink A, Alten R, Golder W, Gromnica-Ihle E, Kellner H, Krause A, Schneider M, Sorensen H, Zeidler H, Thriene W, Sieper J (2002) Treatment of active ankylosing spondylitis with infliximab: a randomised controlled multicentre trial. Lancet 359(9313):1187\u20131193","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"3635_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1002\/art.511","volume":"46","author":"F Bosch Van Den","year":"2002","unstructured":"Van Den Bosch F, Kruithof E, Baeten D, Herssens A, de Keyser F, Mielants H, Veys EM (2002) Randomized double-blind comparison of chimeric monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor alpha (infliximab) versus placebo in active spondylarthropathy. Arthritis Rheum 46(3):755\u2013765. doi: 10.1002\/art.511","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"11","key":"3635_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2004.022582","volume":"64","author":"H Marzo-Ortega","year":"2005","unstructured":"Marzo-Ortega H, McGonagle D, Jarrett S, Haugeberg G, Hensor E, O\u2019Connor P, Tan AL, Conaghan PG, Greenstein A, Emery P (2005) Infliximab in combination with methotrexate in active ankylosing spondylitis: a clinical and imaging study. Ann Rheum Dis 64(11):1568\u20131575. doi: 10.1136\/ard.2004.022582","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"3635_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20852","volume":"52","author":"D Heijde van der","year":"2005","unstructured":"van der Heijde D, Dijkmans B, Geusens P, Sieper J, DeWoody K, Williamson P, Braun J (2005) Efficacy and safety of infliximab in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: results of a randomized, placebo-controlled trial (ASSERT). Arthritis Rheum 52(2):582\u2013591. doi: 10.1002\/art.20852","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"8","key":"3635_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2091","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38721","volume":"66","author":"M Dougados","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dougados M, van der Heijde D, Sieper J, Braun J, Maksymowych WP, Citera G, Miceli-Richard C, Wei JC, Pedersen R, Bonin R, Rahman MU, Logeart I, Wajdula J, Koenig AS, Vlahos B, Alvarez D, Bukowski JF (2014) Symptomatic efficacy of etanercept and its effects on objective signs of inflammation in early nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Arthritis Rheumatol 66(8):2091\u20132102. doi: 10.1002\/art.38721","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"3635_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-201766","volume":"72","author":"J Sieper","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sieper J, van der Heijde D, Dougados M, Mease PJ, Maksymowych WP, Brown MA, Arora V, Pangan AL (2013) Efficacy and safety of adalimumab in patients with non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: results of a randomised placebo-controlled trial (ABILITY-1). Ann Rheum Dis 72(6):815\u2013822. doi: 10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-201766","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"3635_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kev267","author":"D Heijde van der","year":"2015","unstructured":"van der Heijde D, Joshi A, Pangan AL, Chen N, Betts K, Mittal M, Bao Y (2015) ASAS40 and ASDAS clinical responses in the ABILITY-1 clinical trial translate to meaningful improvements in physical function, health-related quality of life and work productivity in patients with non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). doi: 10.1093\/rheumatology\/kev267","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"3635_CR79","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) (2008) Technology Appraisal TA143: Ankylosing spondylitis\u2014adalimumab, etanercept and infliximab, 25 June 2015"},{"key":"3635_CR80","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) (2011) Technology appraisal TA233: ankylosing spondylitis\u2014golimumab. NICE. http:\/\/guidance.nice.org.uk\/TA233 . Accessed 1 July 2015"},{"issue":"6","key":"3635_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-202389","volume":"72","author":"IH Song","year":"2013","unstructured":"Song IH, Weiss A, Hermann KG, Haibel H, Althoff CE, Poddubnyy D, Listing J, Lange E, Freundlich B, Rudwaleit M, Sieper J (2013) Similar response rates in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis after 1\u00a0year of treatment with etanercept: results from the ESTHER trial. Ann Rheum Dis 72(6):823\u2013825. doi: 10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-202389","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"3635_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-205322","volume":"74","author":"J Callhoff","year":"2015","unstructured":"Callhoff J, Sieper J, Weiss A, Zink A, Listing J (2015) Efficacy of TNFalpha blockers in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: a meta-analysis. Ann Rheum Dis 74(6):1241\u20131248. doi: 10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-205322","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"3635_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2645","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38070","volume":"65","author":"N Haroon","year":"2013","unstructured":"Haroon N, Inman RD, Learch TJ, Weisman MH, Lee M, Rahbar MH, Ward MM, Reveille JD, Gensler LS (2013) The impact of tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors on radiographic progression in ankylosing spondylitis. Arthritis Rheum 65(10):2645\u20132654. doi: 10.1002\/art.38070","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"1","key":"3635_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-205202","volume":"75","author":"J Zavada","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zavada J, Uher M, Sisol K, Forejtova S, Jarosova K, Mann H, Vencovsky J, Pavelka K (2016) A tailored approach to reduce dose of anti-TNF drugs may be equally effective, but substantially less costly than standard dosing in patients with ankylosing spondylitis over 1\u00a0year: a propensity score-matched cohort study. Ann Rheum Dis 75(1):96\u2013102. doi: 10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-205202","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"3635_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1837","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kew269","volume":"55","author":"W Fong","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fong W, Holroyd C, Davidson B, Armstrong R, Harvey N, Dennison E, Cooper C, Edwards CJ (2016) The effectiveness of a real life dose reduction strategy for tumour necrosis factor inhibitors in ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 55(10):1837\u20131842. doi: 10.1093\/rheumatology\/kew269","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"6","key":"3635_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30223","volume":"63","author":"J Braun","year":"2011","unstructured":"Braun J, van der Horst-Bruinsma IE, Huang F, Burgos-Vargas R, Vlahos B, Koenig AS, Freundlich B (2011) Clinical efficacy and safety of etanercept versus sulfasalazine in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a randomized, double-blind trial. Arthritis Rheum 63(6):1543\u20131551. doi: 10.1002\/art.30223","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"3635_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"004800","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004800.pub3","volume":"11","author":"J Chen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chen J, Lin S, Liu C (2014) Sulfasalazine for ankylosing spondylitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 11:004800. doi: 10.1002\/14651858.CD004800.pub3","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"3635_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-206616","volume":"74","author":"E Lie","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lie E, Kristensen LE, Forsblad-d\u2019Elia H, Zverkova-Sandstrom T, Askling J, Jacobsson LT, Group AS (2015) The effect of comedication with conventional synthetic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs on TNF inhibitor drug survival in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and undifferentiated spondyloarthritis: results from a nationwide prospective study. Ann Rheum Dis 74(6):970\u2013978. doi: 10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-206616","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"3635_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2339","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.150389","volume":"42","author":"AV Heinonen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Heinonen AV, Aaltonen KJ, Joensuu JT, Lahteenmaki JP, Pertovaara MI, Romu MK, Hirvonen HE, Simila AK, Blom ML, Nordstrom DC (2015) Effectiveness and drug survival of TNF inhibitors in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis: a prospective cohort study. J Rheumatol 42(12):2339\u20132346. doi: 10.3899\/jrheum.150389","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"36","key":"3635_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e4792","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000004792","volume":"95","author":"LC Wu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wu LC, Leong PY, Yeo KJ, Li TY, Wang YH, Chiou JY, Wei JC (2016) Celecoxib and sulfasalazine had negative association with coronary artery diseases in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a nation-wide, population-based case-control study. Medicine 95(36):e4792. doi: 10.1097\/MD.0000000000004792","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"3635_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-eular.313","volume":"72","author":"M Dougados","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dougados M, van der Heijde D, Sieper J et al (2013) Clinical and imaging efficacy of etanercept in early non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Rheum Dis 72(Suppl):87","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"3635_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-203201","volume":"73","author":"J Sieper","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sieper J, Lenaerts J, Wollenhaupt J, Rudwaleit M, Mazurov VI, Myasoutova L, Park S, Song Y, Yao R, Chitkara D, Vastesaeger N (2014) Efficacy and safety of infliximab plus naproxen versus naproxen alone in patients with early, active axial spondyloarthritis: results from the double-blind, placebo-controlled INFAST study, Part 1. Ann Rheum Dis 73(1):101\u2013107. doi: 10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-203201","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"3635_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23167","volume":"58","author":"M Breban","year":"2008","unstructured":"Breban M, Ravaud P, Claudepierre P, Baron G, Henry YD, Hudry C, Euller-Ziegler L, Pham T, Solau-Gervais E, Chary-Valckenaere I, Marcelli C, Perdriger A, Le Loet X, Wendling D, Fautrel B, Fournie B, Combe B, Gaudin P, Jousse S, Mariette X, Baleydier A, Trape G, Dougados M (2008) Maintenance of infliximab treatment in ankylosing spondylitis: results of a 1-year randomized controlled trial comparing systematic versus on-demand treatment. Arthritis Rheum 58(1):88\u201397. doi: 10.1002\/art.23167","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"}],"container-title":["Rheumatology International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00296-016-3635-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00296-016-3635-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00296-016-3635-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,13]],"date-time":"2025-06-13T23:08:49Z","timestamp":1749856129000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00296-016-3635-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,29]]},"references-count":93,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]}},"alternative-id":["3635"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00296-016-3635-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0172-8172","1437-160X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0172-8172"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1437-160X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,29]]}}}