{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T16:26:16Z","timestamp":1770222376893,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,17]],"date-time":"2019-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1547683200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rheumatol Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-018-04235-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,17]],"date-time":"2019-01-17T08:43:00Z","timestamp":1547714580000},"page":"541-549","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Secular trends in the incidence and prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis within members of an integrated health care delivery system"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6810-6467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aniket A.","family":"Kawatkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sherine E.","family":"Gabriel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven J.","family":"Jacobsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"4235_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23177","volume":"58","author":"CG Helmick","year":"2008","unstructured":"Helmick CG, Felson DT, Lawrence RC et al (2008) Estimates of the prevalence of arthritis and other rheumatic conditions in the United States. Part I. Arthritis Rheum 58(1):15\u201325","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"6","key":"4235_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1576","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27425","volume":"62","author":"E Myasoedova","year":"2010","unstructured":"Myasoedova E, Crowson CS, Kremers HM, Therneau TM, Gabriel SE (2010) Is the incidence of rheumatoid arthritis rising? Results from Olmsted County. Arthritis Rheum 62(6):1576\u201382 (Minnesota, 1955\u20132007)","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"4235_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jean S, Hudson M, Gamache P et al (2017) Temporal trends in prevalence, incidence, and mortality for rheumatoid arthritis in Quebec, Canada: a population-based study. Clin Rheumatol","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-017-3796-1"},{"issue":"1","key":"4235_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2012.02.005","volume":"80","author":"S Dadoun","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dadoun S, Zeboulon-Ktorza N, Combescure C et al (2013) Mortality in rheumatoid arthritis over the last fifty years: systematic review and meta-analysis. Joint, bone, spine: revue du rhumatisme 80(1):29\u201333","journal-title":"Joint, bone, spine: revue du rhumatisme"},{"issue":"3","key":"4235_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.7812\/TPP\/12-031","volume":"16","author":"C Koebnick","year":"2012","unstructured":"Koebnick C, Langer-Gould AM, Gould MK et al (2012) Sociodemographic characteristics of members of a large, integrated health care system: comparison with US Census Bureau data. Permanente J 16(3):37\u201341","journal-title":"Permanente J"},{"key":"4235_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4076(74)90034-7","volume":"2","author":"CWJ Granger","year":"1974","unstructured":"Granger CWJ, Newbold P (1974) Spurious regressions in econometrics. J Econ 2:111\u2013120","journal-title":"J Econ"},{"key":"4235_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4076(86)90001-1","volume":"33","author":"PCB Phillips","year":"1986","unstructured":"Phillips PCB (1986) Understanding spurious regressions in econometrics. J Econ 33:311\u2013340","journal-title":"J Econ"},{"key":"4235_CR8","volume-title":"Time series analysis: forecasting and control","author":"GEP Box","year":"1970","unstructured":"Box GEP, Jenkins GM (1970) Time series analysis: forecasting and control. Holden-Day, San Francisco"},{"issue":"4","key":"4235_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/aft032","volume":"42","author":"I Akushevich","year":"2013","unstructured":"Akushevich I, Kravchenko J, Ukraintseva S, Arbeev K, Yashin AI (2013) Time trends of incidence of age-associated diseases in the US elderly population: medicare-based analysis. Age Ageing 42(4):494\u2013500","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"7","key":"4235_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1582","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39692","volume":"68","author":"JM Hootman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hootman JM, Helmick CG, Barbour KE, Theis KA, Boring MA (2016) Updated projected prevalence of self-reported doctor-diagnosed arthritis and arthritis-attributable activity limitation Among US adults, 2015\u20132040. Arthritis Rheumatol 68(7):1582\u20131587","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4235_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1002\/art.37723","volume":"65","author":"MC Wasko","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wasko MC, Dasgupta A, Hubert H, Fries JF, Ward MM (2013) Propensity-adjusted association of methotrexate with overall survival in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 65(2):334\u2013342","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"4235_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ajeganova S, Andersson ML, Frostegard J, Hafstrom I (2013) Disease factors in early rheumatoid arthritis are associated with differential risks for cardiovascular events and mortality depending on age at onset: a 10-year observational cohort study. J Rheumatol","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.130365"},{"issue":"3","key":"4235_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2669","volume":"11","author":"SE Gabriel","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gabriel SE, Michaud K (2009) Epidemiological studies in incidence, prevalence, mortality, and comorbidity of the rheumatic diseases. Arthritis Res Therapy 11(3):229","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Therapy"},{"issue":"3","key":"4235_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20878","volume":"52","author":"H Maradit-Kremers","year":"2005","unstructured":"Maradit-Kremers H, Nicola PJ, Crowson CS, Ballman KV, Gabriel SE (2005) Cardiovascular death in rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based study. Arthritis Rheum 52(3):722\u2013732","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"2","key":"4235_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21798","volume":"65","author":"LH Chu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chu LH, Portugal C, Kawatkar AA, Stohl W, Nichol MB (2013) Racial\/ethnic differences in the use of biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs among California Medicaid rheumatoid arthritis patients. Arthritis Care Res 65(2):299\u2013303","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"4235_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.2855","volume":"22","author":"AA Kawatkar","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kawatkar AA, Hay JW, Stohl W, Nichol MB (2013) Incremental expenditure of biologic disease modifying antirheumatic treatment using instrumental variables in panel data. Health Econ 22(7):807\u2013823","journal-title":"Health Econ"},{"issue":"10","key":"4235_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1203528","volume":"369","author":"M Ezzati","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ezzati M, Riboli E (2013) Behavioral and dietary risk factors for noncommunicable diseases. N Engl J Med 369(10):954\u2013964","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"4235_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-012-0275-1","volume":"14","author":"MK Demoruelle","year":"2012","unstructured":"Demoruelle MK, Deane KD (2012) Treatment strategies in early rheumatoid arthritis and prevention of rheumatoid arthritis. Curr Rheumatol Rep 14(5):472\u2013480","journal-title":"Curr Rheumatol Rep"},{"issue":"9","key":"4235_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-203165","volume":"72","author":"KV Wevers-de Boer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wevers-de Boer KV, Heimans L, Huizinga TW, Allaart CF (2013) Drug therapy in undifferentiated arthritis: a systematic literature review. Ann Rheum Dis 72(9):1436\u20131444","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"4235_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2006.08.006","volume":"36","author":"Y Alamanos","year":"2006","unstructured":"Alamanos Y, Voulgari PV, Drosos AA (2006) Incidence and prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis, based on the 1987 American College of Rheumatology criteria: a systematic review. Semin Arthritis Rheum 36(3):182\u2013188","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"15","key":"4235_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1664","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.168.15.1664","volume":"168","author":"KH Costenbader","year":"2008","unstructured":"Costenbader KH, Chang SC, Laden F, Puett R, Karlson EW (2008) Geographic variation in rheumatoid arthritis incidence among women in the United States. Arch Intern Med 168(15):1664\u20131670","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"4235_CR22","first-page":"2132","volume":"33","author":"O Kaipiainen-Seppanen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kaipiainen-Seppanen O, Kautiainen H (2006) Declining trend in the incidence of rheumatoid factor-positive rheumatoid arthritis in Finland 1980\u20132000. J Rheumatol 33(11):2132\u20132138","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4235_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-008-0713-6","volume":"29","author":"JK Pedersen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pedersen JK, Kjaer NK, Svendsen AJ, Horslev-Petersen K (2009) Incidence of rheumatoid arthritis from 1995 to 2001: impact of ascertainment from multiple sources. Rheumatol Int 29(4):411\u2013415","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"key":"4235_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.2174\/1874312900701010018","volume":"1","author":"JK Pedersen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pedersen JK, Svendsen AJ, Horslev-Petersen K (2007) Incidence of Rheumatoid Arthritis in the southern part of Denmark from 1995 to 2001. Open Rheumatol J 1:18\u201323","journal-title":"Open Rheumatol J"},{"issue":"3","key":"4235_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1080\/03009740802448825","volume":"38","author":"LA Rodriguez","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rodriguez LA, Tolosa LB, Ruigomez A, Johansson S, Wallander MA (2009) Rheumatoid arthritis in UK primary care: incidence and prior morbidity. Scand J Rheumatol 38(3):173\u2013177","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"8","key":"4235_CR26","first-page":"1163","volume":"19","author":"AJ MacGregor","year":"1992","unstructured":"MacGregor AJ, Silman AJ (1992) A reappraisal of the measurement of disease occurrence in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 19(8):1163\u20131165","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"4235_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2016.07.007","volume":"83","author":"E Minichiello","year":"2016","unstructured":"Minichiello E, Semerano L, Boissier MC (2016) Time trends in the incidence, prevalence, and severity of rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic literature review. Joint, Bone, Spine: revue du rhumatisme 83(6):625\u2013630","journal-title":"Joint, Bone, Spine: revue du rhumatisme"},{"issue":"8","key":"4235_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keq127","volume":"49","author":"M Englund","year":"2010","unstructured":"Englund M, Joud A, Geborek P, Felson DT, Jacobsson LT, Petersson IF (2010) Prevalence and incidence of rheumatoid arthritis in southern Sweden 2008 and their relation to prescribed biologics. Rheumatology 49(8):1563\u20131569","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"issue":"6","key":"4235_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21900","volume":"65","author":"JK Eriksson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Eriksson JK, Neovius M, Ernestam S, Lindblad S, Simard JF, Askling J (2013) Incidence of rheumatoid arthritis in Sweden: a nationwide population-based assessment of incidence, its determinants, and treatment penetration. Arthritis Care Res 65(6):870\u2013878","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"4235_CR30","first-page":"54","volume":"35","author":"S Odegard","year":"2008","unstructured":"Odegard S, Kvien TK, Uhlig T (2008) Incidence of clinically important 10-year health status and disease activity levels in population-based cohorts with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 35(1):54\u201360","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"}],"container-title":["Rheumatology International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00296-018-04235-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00296-018-04235-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00296-018-04235-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,16]],"date-time":"2020-01-16T19:07:15Z","timestamp":1579201635000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00296-018-04235-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,17]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]}},"alternative-id":["4235"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00296-018-04235-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0172-8172","1437-160X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0172-8172","type":"print"},{"value":"1437-160X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 November 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 December 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 January 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"Aniket A. Kawatkar, Sherine E. Gabriel, and Steven J. Jacobsen have no direct conflict of interests. Dr. Kawatkar reports grants from Medac Pharma, grants from Bristol-Myers Squibb, outside the submitted work.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the Kaiser Permanente Southern California Institutional Review Board.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}