{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T02:53:21Z","timestamp":1770346401853,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,8]],"date-time":"2019-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1573171200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,8]],"date-time":"2019-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1573171200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rheumatol Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-019-04472-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,8]],"date-time":"2019-11-08T14:42:32Z","timestamp":1573224152000},"page":"227-232","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Obesity is related to incidence of patellofemoral osteoarthritis: the Cohort Hip and Cohort Knee (CHECK) study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5802-510X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harvi F.","family":"Hart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6926-0618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marienke","family":"van Middelkoop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9250-2061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua J.","family":"Stefanik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5892-129X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kay M.","family":"Crossley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1280-5896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sita","family":"Bierma-Zeinstra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"4472_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204763","volume":"73","author":"M Cross","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cross M, Smith E, Hoy D, Nolte S, Ackerman I, Fransen M et al (2014) The global burden of hip and knee osteoarthritis: estimates from the global burden of disease 2010 study. Ann Rheum Dis 73:1323\u20131330","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"4472_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22274","volume":"66","author":"RS Hinman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hinman RS, Lentzos J, Vicenzino B, Crossley KM (2014) Is patellofemoral osteoarthritis common in middle-aged people with chronic patellofemoral pain? Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 66:1252\u20131257","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"key":"4472_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-097515","volume":"51","author":"HF Hart","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hart HF, Stefanik JJ, Wyndow N, Machotka Z, Crossley KM (2017) The prevalence of radiographic and MRI-defined patellofemoral osteoarthritis and structural pathology: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med 51:1195\u20131208","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"4472_CR4","first-page":"1","volume":"10","author":"HF Hart","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hart HF, Filbay SR, Coburn S, Charlton JM, Sritharan P, Crossley KM (2018) Is quality of life reduced in people with patellofemoral osteoarthritis and does it improve with treatment? A systematic review, meta-analysis and regression. Disabil Rehabil 10:1\u201315","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"key":"4472_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.21540","volume":"30","author":"A Trepczynski","year":"2012","unstructured":"Trepczynski A, Kutzner I, Kornaropoulos E, Taylor WR, Duda GN, Bergmann G et al (2012) Patellofemoral joint contact forces during activities with high knee flexion. J Orthop Res 30:408\u2013415","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"4472_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24337","volume":"61","author":"J Niu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Niu J, Zhang YQ, Torner J, Nevitt M, Lewis CE, Aliabadi P et al (2009) Is obesity a risk factor for progressive radiographic knee osteoarthritis? Arthritis Rheum 61:329\u2013335","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"4472_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2011.11.013","volume":"25","author":"F Guilak","year":"2011","unstructured":"Guilak F (2011) Biomechanical factors in osteoarthritis. Best Prac Res Clin Rheumatol 25:815\u2013823","journal-title":"Best Prac Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"4472_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"pii 17470","DOI":"10.3402\/pba.v2i0.17470","volume":"2","author":"RI Issa","year":"2012","unstructured":"Issa RI, Griffin TM (2012) Pathobiology of obesity and osteoarthritis: integrating biomechanics and inflammation. Pathobiol Aging Age Relat Dis 2:pii 17470","journal-title":"Pathobiol Aging Age Relat Dis"},{"key":"4472_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-096768","volume":"51","author":"HF Hart","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hart HF, Barton CJ, Khan KM, Riel H, Crossley KM (2017) Is body mass index associated with patellofemoral pain and patellofemoral osteoarthritis? A systematic review and meta-regression and analysis. Br J Sports Med 51:781\u2013790","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"4472_CR10","first-page":"332","volume":"23","author":"T McAlindon","year":"1996","unstructured":"McAlindon T, Zhang Y, Hannan M, Naimark A, Weissman B, Castelli W et al (1996) Are risk factors for patellofemoral and tibiofemoral knee osteoarthritis different? J Rheumatol 23:332\u2013337","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"4472_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2005.47","volume":"13","author":"C Ding","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ding C, Cicuttini F, Scott F, Colley H, Jones G (2005) Knee structural alteration and BMI: a cross-sectional study. Obes Res 13:350\u2013361","journal-title":"Obes Res"},{"key":"4472_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.096164","volume":"68","author":"J Wesseling","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wesseling J, Dekker J, van den Berg WB, Bierma-Zeinstra SM, Boers M, Cats HA et al (2009) CHECK (Cohort Hip and Cohort Knee): similarities and differences with the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Ann Rheum Dis 68:1413\u20132141","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"4472_CR13","first-page":"1833","volume":"15","author":"N Bellamy","year":"1988","unstructured":"Bellamy N, Buchanan WW, Goldsmith CH, Campbell J, Stitt LW (1988) Validation study of WOMAC: a health status instrument for measuring clinically important patient relevant outcomes to antirheumatic drug therapy in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee. J Rheumatol 15:1833\u20131840","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"Suppl A","key":"4472_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2006.11.009","volume":"15","author":"RD Altman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Altman RD, Gold GE (2007) Atlas of individual radiographic features in osteoarthritis, revised. Osteoarthr Cartil 15(Suppl A):A1\u2013A5","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"4472_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.16.4.494","volume":"16","author":"JH Kellgren","year":"1957","unstructured":"Kellgren JH, Lawrence JS (1957) Radiological assessment of osteo-arthrosis. Ann Rheum Dis 16:494\u2013502","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"4472_CR16","volume-title":"A radiographic atlas of osteoarthritis","author":"SHD Burnett","year":"1994","unstructured":"Burnett SHD, Copper C, Spector TD (1994) A radiographic atlas of osteoarthritis. Springer Verlag, London"},{"key":"4472_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.05.007","volume":"22","author":"J Damen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Damen J, Schiphof D, Wolde ST, Cats HA, Bierma-Zeinstra SM, Oei EH (2014) Inter-observer reliability for radiographic assessment of early osteoarthritis features: the CHECK (cohort hip and cohort knee) study. Osteoarthr Cartil 22:969\u2013974","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"4472_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2016.12.006","volume":"25","author":"NE Lankhorst","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lankhorst NE, Damen J, Oei EH, Verhaar JAN, Kloppenburg M, Bierma-Zeinstra SMA et al (2017) Incidence, prevalence, natural course and prognosis of patellofemoral osteoarthritis: the Cohort Hip and Cohort Knee study. Osteoarthr Cartil 25:647\u2013653","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"4472_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2009.07.008","volume":"316","author":"JB Dixon","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dixon JB (2010) The effect of obesity on health outcomes. Mol Cell Endocrinol 316:104\u2013108","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"4472_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1666","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2018.08.006","volume":"26","author":"MLA Landsmeer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Landsmeer MLA, de Vos BC, van der Plas P, van Middelkoop M, Vroegindeweij D, Bindels PJE et al (2018) Effect of weight change on progression of knee OA structural features assessed by MRI in overweight and obese women. Osteoarthr Cartil 26:1666\u20131674","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"4472_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.10.013","volume":"23","author":"MD Bucknor","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bucknor MD, Nardo L, Joseph GB, Alizai H, Srikhum W, Nevitt MC et al (2015) Association of cartilage degeneration with four year weight gain\u20133T MRI data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Osteoarthr Cartil 23:525\u2013531","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"4472_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.05.013","volume":"22","author":"SP Messier","year":"2014","unstructured":"Messier SP, Pater M, Beavers DP, Legault C, Loeser RF, Hunter DJ et al (2014) Influences of alignment and obesity on knee joint loading in osteoarthritic gait. Osteoarthr Cartil 22:912\u2013917","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"4472_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-9-132","volume":"9","author":"M Grotle","year":"2008","unstructured":"Grotle M, Hagen KB, Natvig B, Dahl FA, Kvien TK (2008) Obesity and osteoarthritis in knee, hip and\/or hand: An epidemiological study in the general population with 10 years follow-up. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 9:132","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"4472_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.2165\/00063030-200519060-00003","volume":"19","author":"CH Evans","year":"2005","unstructured":"Evans CH (2005) Novel biological approaches to the intra-articular treatment of osteoarthritis. BioDrugs 19:355\u2013362","journal-title":"BioDrugs"},{"key":"4472_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.2165\/00063030-200418010-00003","volume":"18","author":"CJ Malemud","year":"2004","unstructured":"Malemud CJ (2004) Cytokines as therapeutic targets for osteoarthritis. BioDrugs 18:23\u201335","journal-title":"BioDrugs"},{"key":"4472_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.061994","volume":"65","author":"P Pottie","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pottie P, Presle N, Terlain B, Netter P, Mainard D, Berenbaum F (2006) Obesity and osteoarthritis: more complex than predicted! Ann Rheum Dis 65:1403\u20131405","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"4472_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-018-0838-x","volume":"17","author":"Q Tang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tang Q, Hu Z, Shen L, Shang P, Xu H, Liu H (2018) Association of osteoarthritis and circulating adiponectin levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lipids Health Dis 17:189","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"key":"4472_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1177\/1759720X09342132","volume":"1","author":"DJ Hunter","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hunter DJ (2009) Focusing osteoarthritis management on modifiable risk factors and future therapeutic prospects. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 1:35\u201347","journal-title":"Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis"},{"key":"4472_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954422408138732","volume":"21","author":"LK Forsythe","year":"2008","unstructured":"Forsythe LK, Wallace JM, Livingstone MB (2008) Obesity and inflammation: the effects of weight loss. Nutr Res Rev 21:117\u2013133","journal-title":"Nutr Res Rev"},{"key":"4472_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.04.009","volume":"27","author":"J Runhaar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Runhaar J, Beavers DP, Miller GD, Nicklas BJ, Loeser RF, Bierma-Zeinstra S et al (2019) Inflammatory cytokines mediate the effects of diet and exercise on pain and function in knee osteoarthritis independent of BMI. Osteoarthr Cartil 27:1118\u20131123","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"4472_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2017.02.296","volume":"25","author":"D Kumar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kumar D, Beavers D, DeVita P, Messier SP et al (2017) Effects of weight-loss on patellofemoral loading in overweight and obese adults with patellofemoral osteoarthritis: secondary analysis from the idea randomized trial. Osteoarthr Cartil 25:S171\u2013S172","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"key":"4472_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orthres.2004.08.003","volume":"23","author":"TF Besier","year":"2005","unstructured":"Besier TF, Draper CE, Gold GE, Beaupre GS, Delp SL (2005) Patellofemoral joint contact area increases with knee flexion and weight-bearing. J Orthop Res 23:345\u2013350","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"}],"container-title":["Rheumatology International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00296-019-04472-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00296-019-04472-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00296-019-04472-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,7]],"date-time":"2020-11-07T00:11:28Z","timestamp":1604707888000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00296-019-04472-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,8]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]}},"alternative-id":["4472"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00296-019-04472-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0172-8172","1437-160X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0172-8172","type":"print"},{"value":"1437-160X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 August 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 October 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 November 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The author(s) declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This study used data from human participants.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Research involving human participants and\/or animals"}},{"value":"This study data from the Cohort Hip and Cohort Knee (CHECK) study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}