{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T01:15:26Z","timestamp":1790039726207,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,13]],"date-time":"2021-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,13]],"date-time":"2021-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"national natural science foundation of china","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81300243"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81300243"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rheumatol Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-021-04970-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,13]],"date-time":"2021-08-13T10:02:53Z","timestamp":1628848973000},"page":"179-189","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Cardiac involvement in primary Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8375-1234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Qin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5504-8437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiwen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8509-563X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoqian","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7613-916X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiang","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1123-4086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Han","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"4970_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1983","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-205375","volume":"74","author":"B Qin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Qin B, Wang J, Yang Z et al (2015) Epidemiology of primary Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Rheum Dis 74:1983\u20131989. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-205375","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"4970_CR2","first-page":"109","volume":"26","author":"VA Vassiliou","year":"2008","unstructured":"Vassiliou VA, Moyssakis I, Boki KA, Moutsopoulos HM (2008) Is the heart affected in primary Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome? An echocardiographic study. Clin Exp Rheumatol 26:109\u2013112","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"4970_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.2174\/1570161118666200129125320","volume":"18","author":"K Melissaropoulos","year":"2020","unstructured":"Melissaropoulos K, Bogdanos D, Dimitroulas T, Sakkas LI, Kitas GD, Daoussis D (2020) Primary Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 18:447\u2013454. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1570161118666200129125320","journal-title":"Curr Vasc Pharmacol"},{"key":"4970_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.2174\/1574887113666180315130336","volume":"13","author":"O Berardicurti","year":"2018","unstructured":"Berardicurti O, Ruscitti P, Cipriani P et al (2018) Cardiovascular disease in primary Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome. Rev Recent Clin Trials 13:164\u2013169. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1574887113666180315130336","journal-title":"Rev Recent Clin Trials"},{"key":"4970_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.12616","volume":"18","author":"M Liang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liang M, Bao L, Xiong N et al (2015) Cardiac arrhythmias as the initial manifestation of adult primary Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome: a case report and literature review. Int J Rheum Dis 18:800\u2013806. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1756-185x.12616","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis"},{"key":"4970_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kev354","volume":"55","author":"AG Singh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Singh AG, Singh S, Matteson EL (2016) Rate, risk factors and causes of mortality in patients with Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Rheumatology (Oxford) 55:450\u2013460. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rheumatology\/kev354","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"4970_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23821","volume":"72","author":"A Beltai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Beltai A, Barnetche T, Daien C et al (2020) Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in primary Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 72:131\u2013139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acr.23821","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"key":"4970_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23821","volume":"10","author":"E Bartoloni","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bartoloni E, Alunno A, Cafaro G et al (2019) Subclinical atherosclerosis in primary Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome: does inflammation matter? Front Immunol 10:817. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acr.23821","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"Suppl 112","key":"4970_CR9","first-page":"113","volume":"36","author":"E Bartoloni","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bartoloni E, Alunno A, Valentini V et al (2018) The prevalence and relevance of traditional cardiovascular risk factors in primary Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome. Clin Exp Rheumatol 36(Suppl 112):113\u2013120","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"4970_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ket427","volume":"53","author":"C Baldini","year":"2014","unstructured":"Baldini C, Pepe P, Quartuccio L et al (2014) Primary Sjogren\u2019s syndrome as a multi-organ disease: impact of the serological profile on the clinical presentation of the disease in a large cohort of Italian patients. Rheumatology (Oxford) 53:839\u2013844. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rheumatology\/ket427","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"4970_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12346","volume":"278","author":"E Bartoloni","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bartoloni E, Baldini C, Schillaci G et al (2015) Cardiovascular disease risk burden in primary Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome: results of a population-based multicentre cohort study. J Intern Med 278:185\u2013192. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/joim.12346","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"issue":"Suppl 112","key":"4970_CR12","first-page":"190","volume":"36","author":"WC Yong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yong WC, Sanguankeo A, Upala S (2018) Association between primary Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 36(Suppl 112):190\u2013197","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"4970_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203310367504","volume":"19","author":"M P\u00e9rez-De-Lis","year":"2010","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez-De-Lis M, Akasbi M, Sis\u00f3 A et al (2010) Cardiovascular risk factors in primary Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome: a case-control study in 624 patients. Lupus 19:941\u2013948. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0961203310367504","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"4970_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0161958","volume":"11","author":"CC Yeh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yeh CC, Wang WC, Wu CS et al (2016) Association of Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome in patients with chronic hepatitis virus infection: a population-based analysis. PLoS ONE 11:e0161958. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0161958","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"4970_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2016.01.014","volume":"31","author":"CS Chang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chang CS, Liao CH, Muo CH, Kao CH (2016) Increased risk of concurrent gastroesophageal reflux disease among patients with Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome: a nationwide population-based study. Eur J Intern Med 31:73\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejim.2016.01.014","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"key":"4970_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20322","volume":"63","author":"E Bartoloni","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bartoloni E, Shoenfeld Y, Gerli R (2011) Inflammatory and autoimmune mechanisms in the induction of atherosclerotic damage in systemic rheumatic diseases: two faces of the same coin. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 63:178\u2013183. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acr.20322","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"key":"4970_CR17","first-page":"133","volume":"34","author":"V Valim","year":"2016","unstructured":"Valim V, Gerdts E, Jonsson R et al (2016) Atherosclerosis in Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome: evidence, possible mechanisms and knowledge gaps. Clin Exp Rheumatol 34:133\u2013142","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"4970_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.55.3472","volume":"55","author":"M Sezis Demirci","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sezis Demirci M, Karabulut G, Gungor O, Celtik A, Ok E, Kabasakal Y (2016) Is there an increased arterial stiffness in patients with primary Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome? Intern Med 55:455\u2013459. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2169\/internalmedicine.55.3472","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"key":"4970_CR19","first-page":"361","volume":"32","author":"F Atzeni","year":"2014","unstructured":"Atzeni F, Sarzi-Puttini P, Signorello MC et al (2014) New parameters for identifying subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with primary Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome: a pilot study. Clin Exp Rheumatol 32:361\u2013368","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"4970_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-018-4265-1","volume":"38","author":"WC Yong","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yong WC, Sanguankeo A, Upala S (2019) Association between primary Sjogren\u2019s syndrome, arterial stiffness, and subclinical atherosclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Rheumatol 38:447\u2013455. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10067-018-4265-1","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"4970_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.1161\/01.atv.0000168911.78624.b7","volume":"25","author":"AV Doobay","year":"2005","unstructured":"Doobay AV, Anand SS (2005) Sensitivity and specificity of the ankle-brachial index to predict future cardiovascular outcomes: a systematic review. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 25:1463\u20131469. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.atv.0000168911.78624.b7","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"4970_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-009-1099-x","volume":"28","author":"SM Rachapalli","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rachapalli SM, Kiely PD, Bourke BE (2009) Prevalence of abnormal ankle brachial index in patients with primary Sjogren\u2019s syndrome. Clin Rheumatol 28:587\u2013590. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10067-009-1099-x","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"4970_CR23","first-page":"71","volume":"44","author":"X Cai","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cai X, Luo J, Wei T, Qin W, Wang X, Li X (2019) Risk of cardiovascular involvement in patients with primary Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome: a large-scale cross-sectional cohort study. Acta Reumatol Port 44:71\u201377","journal-title":"Acta Reumatol Port"},{"key":"4970_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2209","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-19580-y","volume":"8","author":"XF Wu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wu XF, Huang JY, Chiou JY, Chen HH, Wei JC, Dong LL (2018) Increased risk of coronary heart disease among patients with primary Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome: a nationwide population-based cohort study. Sci Rep 8:2209. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-018-19580-y","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"4970_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2677","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-020-04992-x","volume":"39","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Li M, Zhang L et al (2020) Association between comorbidities and extraglandular manifestations in primary Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome: a multicenter cross-sectional study. Clin Rheumatol 39:2677\u20132688. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10067-020-04992-x","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"4970_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22227","volume":"66","author":"M Juarez","year":"2014","unstructured":"Juarez M, Toms TE, de Pablo P et al (2014) Cardiovascular risk factors in women with primary Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome: United Kingdom primary Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome registry results. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 66:757\u2013764. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acr.22227","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"key":"4970_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2017.118","volume":"15","author":"E Bartoloni","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bartoloni E, Alunno A, Gerli R (2018) Hypertension as a cardiovascular risk factor in autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Nat Rev Cardiol 15:33\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrcardio.2017.118","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"4970_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.131156","volume":"41","author":"MP Migkos","year":"2014","unstructured":"Migkos MP, Markatseli TE, Iliou C, Voulgari PV, Drosos AA (2014) Effect of hydroxychloroquine on the lipid profile of patients with Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome. J Rheumatol 41:902\u2013908. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3899\/jrheum.131156","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"4970_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/aqaa253","volume":"155","author":"U Nadeem","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nadeem U, Raafey M, Kim G et al (2021) Chloroquine- and hydroxychloroquine-induced cardiomyopathy: a case report and brief literature review. Am J Clin Pathol 155:793\u2013801. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajcp\/aqaa253","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"4970_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2018.06.817","volume":"275","author":"SK Kunutsor","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kunutsor SK, Flores-Guerrero JL, Kieneker LM et al (2018) Plasma calprotectin and risk of cardiovascular disease: findings from the PREVEND prospective cohort study. Atherosclerosis 275:205\u2013213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2018.06.817","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"4970_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.1161\/atvbaha.109.189761","volume":"29","author":"T Ueland","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ueland T, Otterdal K, Lekva T et al (2009) Dickkopf-1 enhances inflammatory interaction between platelets and endothelial cells and shows increased expression in atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 29:1228\u20131234. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/atvbaha.109.189761","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"4970_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0177493","volume":"12","author":"B N\u00e9meth","year":"2017","unstructured":"N\u00e9meth B, Ajtay Z, Hejjel L et al (2017) The issue of plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine reference range - a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE 12:e0177493. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0177493","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"4970_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2017.05.001","volume":"354","author":"FK Luni","year":"2017","unstructured":"Luni FK, Malik SA, Khan AR et al (2017) Risk of ischemic heart disease in patients with Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome. Am J Med Sci 354:395\u2013398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjms.2017.05.001","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"4970_CR34","unstructured":"Chiang CH, Liu CJ, Chen PJ et al (2013) Primary Sj\u04e7gren's syndrome and the risk of acute myocardial infarction: a nationwide study. Acta Cardiol Sin 29:124\u2013131. http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/pmc4804774\/"},{"key":"4970_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1902157","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02157-2019","volume":"56","author":"J Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang J, Li M, Wang Q et al (2020) Pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with primary Sjogren\u2019s syndrome: a multicentre cohort study from China. Eur Respir J 56:1902157. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/13993003.02157-2019","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"4970_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/710401","volume":"2014","author":"S Kobak","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kobak S, Kalkan S, Kirilmaz B, Orman M, Ercan E (2014) Pulmonary arterial hypertension in patients with primary Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome. Autoimmune Dis 2014:710401. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2014\/710401","journal-title":"Autoimmune Dis"},{"key":"4970_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.13290","volume":"21","author":"S Yan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yan S, Li M, Wang H et al (2018) Characteristics and risk factors of pulmonary arterial hypertension in patients with primary Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome. Int J Rheum Dis 21:1068\u20131075. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1756-185x.13290","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis"},{"key":"4970_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.13671","volume":"22","author":"N Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang N, Zhao Y, Wang H et al (2019) Characteristics and risk factors for pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with primary Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome: 15 new cases from a single center. Int J Rheum Dis 22:1775\u20131781. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1756-185x.13671","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis"},{"key":"4970_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1188","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.090942","volume":"37","author":"JH Kang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kang JH, Lin HC (2010) Comorbidities in patients with primary Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome: a registry-based case-control study. J Rheumatol 37:1188\u20131194. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3899\/jrheum.090942","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"4970_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2005.01050.x","volume":"11","author":"JC Steele","year":"2005","unstructured":"Steele JC, Dawson LJ, Moots RJ, Field EA (2005) Congenital heart block associated with undiagnosed maternal primary Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome \u2013 a case report and discussion. Oral Dis 11:190\u2013192. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2005.01050.x","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"4970_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"iii35","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ken153","volume":"47","author":"A Brucato","year":"2008","unstructured":"Brucato A (2008) Prevention of congenital heart block in children of SSA-positive mothers. Rheumatology (Oxford) 47(Suppl 3):iii35\u2013iii37. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rheumatology\/ken153","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"4970_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1007\/bf02231529","volume":"12","author":"S Rantap\u00e4\u00e4-Dahlqvist","year":"1993","unstructured":"Rantap\u00e4\u00e4-Dahlqvist S, Backman C, Sandgren H, Ostberg Y (1993) Echocardiographic findings in patients with primary Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome. Clin Rheumatol 12:214\u2013218. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf02231529","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"4970_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R31","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2385","volume":"10","author":"FZ Cai","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cai FZ, Lester S, Lu T et al (2008) Mild autonomic dysfunction in primary Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome: a controlled study. Arthritis Res Ther 10:R31. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/ar2385","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"4970_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.2015.219","volume":"32","author":"JH Koh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Koh JH, Kwok SK, Lee J, Park SH (2017) Autonomic dysfunction in primary Sjogren\u2019s syndrome: a prospective cohort analysis of 154 Korean patients. Korean J Intern Med 32:165\u2013173. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3904\/kjim.2015.219","journal-title":"Korean J Intern Med"},{"key":"4970_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keg468","volume":"43","author":"L Kov\u00e1cs","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kov\u00e1cs L, Paprika D, T\u00e1kacs R et al (2004) Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in primary Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome. Rheumatology (Oxford) 43:95\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rheumatology\/keg468","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"4970_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.25011\/cim.v35i5.18703","volume":"35","author":"A Akyel","year":"2012","unstructured":"Akyel A, Tavil Y, Tufan A et al (2012) Atrial electromechanical delay and diastolic dysfunction in primary Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome. Clin Invest Med 35:303. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.25011\/cim.v35i5.18703","journal-title":"Clin Invest Med"},{"key":"4970_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.7682","volume":"312","author":"JE Gottenberg","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gottenberg JE, Ravaud P, Pu\u00e9chal X et al (2014) Effects of hydroxychloroquine on symptomatic improvement in primary Sj\u04e7gren syndrome: the JOQUER randomized clinical trial. JAMA 312:249\u2013258. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2014.7682","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"4970_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-211836","volume":"77","author":"C Rempenault","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rempenault C, Combe B, Barnetche T et al (2018) Metabolic and cardiovascular benefits of hydroxychloroquine in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Rheum Dis 77:98\u2013103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-211836","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"4970_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2016.31.2.202","volume":"31","author":"DS Novikova","year":"2016","unstructured":"Novikova DS, Popkova TV, Lukina GV et al (2016) The effects of rituximab on lipids, arterial stiffness and carotid intima-media thickness in rheumatoid arthritis. J Korean Med Sci 31:202\u2013207. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3346\/jkms.2016.31.2.202","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"key":"4970_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-218599","volume":"80","author":"AN Baer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Baer AN, Gottenberg JE, St Clair EW et al (2020) Efficacy and safety of abatacept in active primary Sj\u04e7gren\u2019s syndrome: results of a phase III, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Rheum Dis 80:339\u2013348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/annrheumdis-2020-218599","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"4970_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.115378","volume":"69","author":"N Roescher","year":"2010","unstructured":"Roescher N, Tak PP, Illei GG (2010) Cytokines in Sjogren\u2019s syndrome: potential therapeutic targets. Ann Rheum Dis 69:945\u2013948. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ard.2009.115378","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"4970_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kem078","volume":"46","author":"M Ramos-Casals","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ramos-Casals M, Brito-Zer\u00f3n P (2007) Emerging biological therapies in primary Sjogren\u2019s syndrome. Rheumatology (Oxford) 46:1389\u20131396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rheumatology\/kem078","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"}],"container-title":["Rheumatology International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00296-021-04970-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00296-021-04970-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00296-021-04970-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,29]],"date-time":"2022-01-29T07:05:34Z","timestamp":1643439934000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00296-021-04970-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,13]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}},"alternative-id":["4970"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00296-021-04970-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0172-8172","1437-160X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0172-8172","type":"print"},{"value":"1437-160X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 June 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 August 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 August 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Li Qin, Yiwen Zhang, Xiaoqian Yang, Qiang Luo, and Han Wang declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to publication"}}]}}