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The difference remained statistically significant after correcting for renal function, smoking and hypertension in multivariate logistic regression analysis, with focus on ACPA positive with joint complaints group versus RA risk group: CRP OR\u2009=\u20092.67, <jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>=\u20090.033; IL-6 OR\u2009=\u20093.73, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.019; TNFR1 OR\u2009=\u20091.003, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001; VGEF OR\u2009=\u20098.59, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.019.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Individuals at risk for RA have higher levels of inflammatory markers and VEGF, which suggests that they might also have a risk of higher cardiovascular disease (CVD); however, this does not apply to individuals with ACPA positivity with self-reported joint complaints or without joint complaints only. Therefore, it is important that individuals with RA risk are referred to a rheumatologist to rule in or out arthritis\/development of RA and discuss CVD risk.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-024-05659-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,16]],"date-time":"2024-07-16T09:02:11Z","timestamp":1721120531000},"page":"2007-2016","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Higher levels of markers for early atherosclerosis in anti-citrullinated protein antibodies positive individuals at risk for RA, a cross sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7494-1338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helma J.","family":"Hinkema","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6581-6508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johanna","family":"Westra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4422-7640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suzanne","family":"Arends","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5652-4423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Brouwer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3715-6474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Douwe J.","family":"Mulder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"5659_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2003.018101","volume":"63","author":"C Turesson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Turesson C, Jarenros A, Jacobsson L (2004) Increased incidence of cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results from a community based study. 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