{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T02:39:44Z","timestamp":1779244784771,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760313600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rheumatol Int"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-025-06006-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T03:59:02Z","timestamp":1760327942000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Gout disease-related years lived with disability in the North Africa and Middle East countries: a systematic analysis of the GBD study 1990\u20132019"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9311-8395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moloud","family":"Payab","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3112-9179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sahar Saeedi","family":"Moghaddam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5563-6311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasaman","family":"Sharifi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2035-6587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farshad","family":"Sharifi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0103-4427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahbube","family":"Ebrahimpur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0821-7557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alireza","family":"Hadizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Esfahani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pouya","family":"Ebrahimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2432-2114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedram","family":"Ramezani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2190-9515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zahra Hoseini","family":"Tavassol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5282-3282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Ghanbari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6419-7808","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Parnian","family":"Shobeiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8453-8446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zeinab Shirzad","family":"Moghaddam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7679-6285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosa","family":"Haghshenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0330-3440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elham","family":"Abdolhamidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9071-6181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ameneh","family":"Kazemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arezou","family":"Dilmaghani-Marand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5386-7597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bagher","family":"Larijani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"6006_CR1","first-page":"1","volume":"37","author":"L Punzi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Punzi L, Scanu A, Spinella P, Galozzi P, Oliviero F (2019) One year in review 2018: gout. Clin Exp Rheumatol 37(1):1\u201311","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6006_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-024-08180-9","volume":"25","author":"KM Asghari","year":"2024","unstructured":"Asghari KM, Zahmatyar M, Seyedi F, Motamedi A, Zolfi M, Alamdary SJ, Fazlollahi A, Shamekh A, Mousavi SE, Nejadghaderi SA, Mohammadinasab R, Ghazi-Sha\u2019rbaf J, Karamzad N, Sullman MJM, Kolahi AA, Safiri S (2024) Gout: global epidemiology, risk factors, comorbidities and complications: a narrative review. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 25(1):1047. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-024-08180-9","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"6006_CR3","first-page":"215","volume":"65","author":"MH Pillinger","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pillinger MH, Rosenthal P, Abeles AM (2007) Hyperuricemia and gout: new insights into pathogenesis and treatment. Bull NYU Hosp Jt Dis 65(3):215\u2013221","journal-title":"Bull NYU Hosp Jt Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"6006_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1916","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41404","volume":"72","author":"S Safiri","year":"2020","unstructured":"Safiri S, Kolahi AA, Cross M, Carson-Chahhoud K, Hoy D, Almasi\u2010Hashiani A, Sepidarkish M, Ashrafi\u2010Asgarabad A, Moradi\u2010Lakeh M, Mansournia MA (2020) Prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability due to gout and its attributable risk factors for 195 countries and territories 1990\u20132017: a systematic analysis of the global burden of disease study 2017. Arthritis Rheumatol 72(11):1916\u20131927. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.41404","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"issue":"8","key":"6006_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e507","DOI":"10.1016\/S2665-9913(24)00117-6","volume":"6","author":"M Cross","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cross M, Ong KL, Culbreth GT, Steinmetz JD, Cousin E, Lenox H, Kopec JA, Haile LM, Brooks PM, Kopansky-Giles DR, Dreinhoefer KE, Betteridge N, Abbasian M, Abbasifard M, Abedi A, Aboye MB, Aravkin AY, Artaman A, Banach M, Bensenor IM, Bhagavathula AS, Bhat AN, Bitaraf S, Buchbinder R, Burkart K, Chu D-T, Chung S-C, Dadras O, Dai X, Das S, Dhingra S, Do TC, Edinur HA, Fatehizadeh A, Fetensa G, Freitas M, Ganesan B, Gholami A, Gill TK, Golechha M, Goleij P, Hafezi-Nejad N, Hamidi S, Hay SI, Hundessa S, Iso H, Jayaram S, Kadashetti V, Karaye IM, Khan EA, Khan MAB, Khatatbeh MM, Kiadaliri A, Kim MS, Kolahi A-A, Krishan K, Kumar N, Le TTT, Lim SS, Lobo SW, Majeed A, Malik AA, Mesregah MK, Mestrovic T, Mirrakhimov EM, Mishra M, Misra AK, Moberg ME, Mohamed NS, Mohan S, Mokdad AH, Momenzadeh K, Moni MA, Moradi Y, Mougin V, Mukhopadhyay S, Murray CJL, Narasimha Swamy S, Nguyen VT, Niazi RK, Owolabi MO, Padubidri JR, Patel J, Pawar S, Pedersini P, Rafferty Q, Rahman M, Rashidi M-M, Rawaf S, Saad AMA, Sahebkar A, Saheb Sharif-Askari F, Saleh MA, Schumacher AE, Seylani A, Singh P, Smith AE, Solanki R, Solomon Y, Tan K-K, Tat NY, Tibebu NSS, You Y, Zheng P, Zitoun OA, Vos T, March LM, Woolf AD (2024) Global, regional, and National burden of gout, 1990\u20132020, and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021. Lancet Rheumatol 6(8):e507\u2013e517. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2665-9913(24)00117-6","journal-title":"Lancet Rheumatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"6006_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-7176.2012.00674.x","volume":"14","author":"MA McAdams-DeMarco","year":"2012","unstructured":"McAdams-DeMarco MA, Maynard JW, Baer AN, Coresh J (2012) Hypertension and the risk of incident gout in a population-based study: the atherosclerosis risk in communities cohort. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 14(10):675\u2013679. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1751-7176.2012.00674.x","journal-title":"J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich)"},{"issue":"4","key":"6006_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2014.07.002","volume":"40","author":"LA MacFarlane","year":"2014","unstructured":"MacFarlane LA, Kim SC (2014) Gout: a review of nonmodifiable and modifiable risk factors. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 40(4):581\u2013604. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rdc.2014.07.002","journal-title":"Rheum Dis Clin North Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"6006_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1344","DOI":"10.6133\/apjcn.201811_27(6).0022","volume":"27","author":"R Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li R, Yu K, Li C (2018) Dietary factors and risk of gout and hyperuricemia: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 27(6):1344\u20131356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6133\/apjcn.201811_27(6).0022","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"6006_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0b013e3283438e13","volume":"23","author":"JA Singh","year":"2011","unstructured":"Singh JA, Reddy SG, Kundukulam J (2011) Risk factors for gout and prevention: a systematic review of the literature. Curr Opin Rheumatol 23(2):192\u2013202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BOR.0b013e3283438e13","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"6006_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jordan KM, Cameron JS, Snaith M, Zhang W, Doherty M, Seckl J, Hingorani A, Jaques R, Nuki G, British Society for R, British Health Professionals in Rheumatology Standards G, Audit Working G (2007) British Society for Rheumatology and British Health Professionals in Rheumatology guideline for the management of gout. Rheumatology (Oxford) 46(8):1372\u20131374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rheumatology\/kem056a","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kem056a"},{"issue":"10","key":"6006_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.170387","volume":"44","author":"S Wright","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wright S, Chapman PT, Frampton C, O\u2019Donnell JL, Raja R, Stamp LK (2017) Management of gout in a hospital setting: A lost opportunity. J Rheumatol 44(10):1493\u20131498. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3899\/jrheum.170387","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"6006_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2147\/PROM.S8310","volume":"2010","author":"JD Hirsch","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hirsch JD, Terkeltaub R, Khanna D, Singh J, Sarkin A, Shieh M, Kavanaugh A, Lee SJ (2010) Gout disease-specific quality of life and the association with gout characteristics. Patient Relat Outcome Meas 2010:1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/PROM.S8310","journal-title":"Patient Relat Outcome Meas"},{"key":"6006_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Musaiger AO (2002) Diet and prevention of coronary heart disease in the Arab middle East countries. Med Princ Pract 11 Suppl 2(Suppl 29\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000066415","DOI":"10.1159\/000066415"},{"issue":"4","key":"6006_CR14","first-page":"383","volume":"4","author":"AM Belal","year":"2009","unstructured":"Belal AM (2009) Nutrition-related chronic diseases epidemic in UAE: can we stand to STOP it? Sudan J Public Health 4(4):383\u2013392","journal-title":"Sudan J Public Health"},{"key":"6006_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"James SL, Abate D, Abate KH, Abay SM, Abbafati C, Abbasi N, Abbastabar H, Abd-Allah F, Abdela J, Abdelalim A, Abdollahpour I, Abdulkader RS, Abebe Z, Abera SF, Abil OZ,Abraha HN, Abu-Raddad LJ, Abu-Rmeileh NME, Accrombessi MMK, Acharya D, Acharya P,Ackerman IN, Adamu AA, Adebayo OM, Adekanmbi V, Adetokunboh OO, Adib MG, Adsuar JC,Afanvi KA, Afarideh M, Afshin A, Agarwal G, Agesa KM, Aggarwal R, Aghayan SA, Agrawal S, Ahmadi A, Ahmadi M, Ahmadieh H, Ahmed MB, Aichour AN, Aichour I, Aichour MTE, Akinyemiju T, Akseer N, Al-Aly Z, Al-Eyadhy A, Al-Mekhlafi HM, Al-Raddadi RM, Alahdab F, Alam K, Alam T, Alashi A, Alavian SM, Alene KA, Alijanzadeh M, Alizadeh-Navaei R, Aljunid SM, Alkerwi Aa, Alla F, Allebeck P, Alouani MML, Altirkawi K, Alvis-Guzman N, Amare AT, Aminde LN, Ammar W, Amoako YA, Anber NH, Andrei CL, Androudi S, Animut MD, Anjomshoa M, Ansha MG, Antonio CAT, Anwari P, Arabloo J, Arauz A, Aremu O, Ariani F, Armoon B, \u00c4rnl\u00f6v J, Arora A, Artaman A, Aryal KK, Asayesh H, Asghar RJ, Ataro Z, Atre SR,Ausloos M, Avila-Burgos L, Avokpaho EFGA, Awasthi A, Ayala Quintanilla BP, Ayer R,Azzopardi PS, Babazadeh A, Badali H, Badawi A, Bali AG, Ballesteros KE, Ballew SH,Banach M, Banoub JAM, Banstola A, Barac A, Barboza MA, Barker-Collo SL, B\u00e4rnighausen TW, Barrero LH, Baune BT, Bazargan-Hejazi S, Bedi N, Beghi E, Behzadifar M, Behzadifar M, B\u00e9jot Y, Belachew AB, Belay YA, Bell ML, Bello AK, Bensenor IM, Bernabe E, Bernstein RS, Beuran M, Beyranvand T, Bhala N, Bhattarai S, Bhaumik S, Bhutta ZA, Biadgo B,Bijani A, Bikbov B, Bilano V, Bililign N, Bin Sayeed MS, Bisanzio D, Blacker BF, Blyth FM, Bou-Orm IR, Boufous S, Bourne R, Brady OJ, Brainin M, Brant LC, Brazinova A, Breitborde NJK, Brenner H, Briant PS, Briggs AM, Briko AN, Britton G, Brugha T, Buchbinder R,Busse R, Butt ZA, Cahuana-Hurtado L, Cano J, C\u00e1rdenas R, Carrero JJ, Carter A, Carvalho F, Casta\u00f1eda-Orjuela CA, Castillo Rivas J, Castro F, Catal\u00e1-L\u00f3pez F, Cercy KM, Cerin E, Chaiah Y, Chang AR, Chang H-Y, Chang J-C, Charlson FJ, Chattopadhyay A, Chattu VK, Chaturvedi P, Chiang PP-C, Chin KL, Chitheer A, Choi J-YJ, Chowdhury R, Christensen H, Christopher DJ, Cicuttini FM, Ciobanu LG, Cirillo M, Claro RM, Collado-Mateo D,Cooper C, Coresh J, Cortesi PA, Cortinovis M, Costa M, Cousin E, Criqui MH, Cromwell EA, Cross M, Crump JA, Dadi AF, Dandona L, Dandona R, Dargan PI, Daryani A, Das Gupta R, Das Neves J, Dasa TT, Davey G, Davis AC, Davitoiu DV, De Courten B, De La Hoz FP,De Leo D, De Neve J-W, Degefa MG, Degenhardt L, Deiparine S, Dellavalle RP, Demoz GT, Deribe K, Dervenis N, Des Jarlais DC, Dessie GA, Dey S, Dharmaratne SD, Dinberu MT, Dirac MA, Djalalinia S, Doan L, Dokova K, Doku DT, Dorsey ER, Doyle KE, Driscoll TR, Dubey M, Dubljanin E, Duken EE, Duncan BB, Duraes AR, Ebrahimi H, Ebrahimpour S, Echko MM, Edvardsson D, Effiong A, Ehrlich JR, El Bcheraoui C, El Sayed Zaki M,El-Khatib Z, Elkout H, Elyazar IRF, Enayati A, Endries AY, Er B, Erskine HE, Eshrati B, Eskandarieh S, Esteghamati A, Esteghamati S, Fakhim H, Fallah Omrani V, Faramarzi M, Fareed M, Farhadi F, Farid TA, Farinha CSEs, Farioli A, Faro A, Farvid MS, Farzadfar F, Feigin VL, Fentahun N, Fereshtehnejad S-M, Fernandes E, Fernandes JC, Ferrari AJ,Feyissa GT, Filip I, Fischer F, Fitzmaurice C, Foigt NA, Foreman KJ, Fox J, Frank TD, Fukumoto T, Fullman N, F\u00fcrst T, Furtado JM, Futran ND, Gall S, Ganji M, Gankpe FG, Garcia-Basteiro AL, Gardner WM, Gebre AK, Gebremedhin AT, Gebremichael TG, Gelano TF, Geleijnse JM, Genova-Maleras R, Geramo YCD, Gething PW, Gezae KE, Ghadiri K, Ghasemi Falavarjani K, Ghasemi-Kasman M, Ghimire M, Ghosh R, Ghoshal AG, Giampaoli S, Gill PS, Gill TK, Ginawi IA, Giussani G, Gnedovskaya EV, Goldberg EM, Goli S, G\u00f3mez-Dant\u00e9s H, Gona PN, Gopalani SV, Gorman TM, Goulart AC, Goulart BNG, Grada A, Grams ME, Grosso G, Gugnani HC, Guo Y, Gupta PC, Gupta R, Gupta R, Gupta T, Gyawali B, Haagsma JA,Hachinski V, Hafezi-Nejad N, Haghparast Bidgoli H, Hagos TB, Hailu GB, Haj-Mirzaian A, Haj-Mirzaian A, Hamadeh RR, Hamidi S, Handal AJ, Hankey GJ, Hao Y, Harb HL, Harikrishnan S, Haro JM, Hasan M, Hassankhani H, Hassen HY, Havmoeller R, Hawley CN, Hay RJ, Hay SI, Hedayatizadeh-Omran A, Heibati B, Hendrie D, Henok A, Herteliu C, Heydarpour S,Hibstu DT, Hoang HT, Hoek HW, Hoffman HJ, Hole MK, Homaie Rad E, Hoogar P, Hosgood HD, Hosseini SM, Hosseinzadeh M, Hostiuc M, Hostiuc S, Hotez PJ, Hoy DG, Hsairi M,Htet AS, Hu G, Huang JJ, Huynh CK, Iburg KM, Ikeda CT, Ileanu B, Ilesanmi OS, Iqbal U, Irvani SSN, Irvine CMS, Islam SMS, Islami F, Jacobsen KH, Jahangiry L, Jahanmehr N, Jain SK, Jakovljevic M, Javanbakht M, Jayatilleke AU, Jeemon P, Jha RP, Jha V,Ji JS, Johnson CO, Jonas JB, Jozwiak JJ, Jungari SB, J\u00fcrisson M, Kabir Z, Kadel R,Kahsay A, Kalani R, Kanchan T, Karami M, Karami Matin B, Karch A, Karema C, Karimi N, Karimi SM, Kasaeian A, Kassa DH, Kassa GM, Kassa TD, Kassebaum NJ, Katikireddi SV, Kawakami N, Karyani AK, Keighobadi MM, Keiyoro PN, Kemmer L, Kemp GR, Kengne AP,Keren A, Khader YS, Khafaei B, Khafaie MA, Khajavi A, Khalil IA, Khan EA, Khan MS,Khan MA, Khang Y-H, Khazaei M, Khoja AT, Khosravi A, Khosravi MH, Kiadaliri AA, Kiirithio DN, Kim C-I, Kim D, Kim P, Kim Y-E, Kim YJ, Kimokoti RW, Kinfu Y, Kisa A, Kissimova-Skarbek K, Kivim\u00e4ki M, Knudsen AKS, Kocarnik JM, Kochhar S, Kokubo Y, Kolola T, Kopec JA,Kosen S, Kotsakis GA, Koul PA, Koyanagi A, Kravchenko MA, Krishan K, Krohn KJ, Kuate Defo B, Kucuk Bicer B, Kumar GA, Kumar M, Kyu HH, Lad DP, Lad SD, Lafranconi A, Lalloo R, Lallukka T, Lami FH, Lansingh VC, Latifi A, Lau KM-M, Lazarus JV, Leasher JL, Ledesma JR, Lee PH, Leigh J, Leung J, Levi M, Lewycka S, Li S, Li Y, Liao Y, Liben ML, Lim L-L, Lim SS, Liu S, Lodha R, Looker KJ, Lopez AD, Lorkowski S, Lotufo PA, Low N, Lozano R, Lucas TCD, Lucchesi LR, Lunevicius R, Lyons RA, Ma S, Macarayan ERK, Mackay MT,Madotto F, Magdy Abd El Razek H, Magdy Abd El Razek M, Maghavani DP, Mahotra NB, Mai HT, Majdan M, Majdzadeh R, Majeed A, Malekzadeh R, Malta DC, Mamun AA, Manda A-L,Manguerra H, Manhertz T, Mansournia MA, Mantovani LG, Mapoma CC, Maravilla JC, Marcenes W, Marks A, Martins-Melo FR, Martopullo I, M\u00e4rz W, Marzan MB, Mashamba-Thompson TP,Massenburg BB, Mathur MR, Matsushita K, Maulik PK, Mazidi M, McAlinden C, McGrath JJ, McKee M, Mehndiratta MM, Mehrotra R, Mehta KM, Mehta V, Mejia-Rodriguez F, Mekonen T, Melese A, Melku M, Meltzer M, Memiah PTN, Memish ZA, Mendoza W, Mengistu DT, Mengistu G, Mensah GA, Mereta ST, Meretoja A, Meretoja TJ, Mestrovic T, Mezerji NMG, Miazgowski B, Miazgowski T, Millear AI, Miller TR, Miltz B, Mini GK, Mirarefin M, Mirrakhimov EM, Misganaw AT, Mitchell PB, Mitiku H, Moazen B, Mohajer B, Mohammad KA, Mohammadifard N, Mohammadnia-Afrouzi M, Mohammed MA, Mohammed S, Mohebi F, Moitra M, Mokdad AH,Molokhia M, Monasta L, Moodley Y, Moosazadeh M, Moradi G, Moradi-Lakeh M, Moradinazar M, Moraga P, Morawska L, Moreno Vel\u00e1squez I, Morgado-Da-Costa J, Morrison SD, Moschos MM, Mountjoy-Venning WC, Mousavi SM, Mruts KB, Muche AA, Muchie KF, Mueller UO, Muhammed OS, Mukhopadhyay S, Muller K, Mumford JE, Murhekar M, Musa J, Musa KI, Mustafa G,Nabhan AF, Nagata C, Naghavi M, Naheed A, Nahvijou A, Naik G, Naik N, Najafi F, Naldi L, Nam HS, Nangia V, Nansseu JR, Nascimento BR, Natarajan G, Neamati N, Negoi I, Negoi RI, Neupane S, Newton CRJ, Ngunjiri JW, Nguyen AQ, Nguyen HT, Nguyen HLT, Nguyen HT,Nguyen LH, Nguyen M, Nguyen NB, Nguyen SH, Nichols E, Ningrum DNA, Nixon MR, Nolutshungu N, Nomura S, Norheim OF, Noroozi M, Norrving B, Noubiap JJ, Nouri HR, Nourollahpour Shiadeh M, Nowroozi MR, Nsoesie EO, Nyasulu PS, Odell CM, Ofori-Asenso R, Ogbo FA,Oh I-H, Oladimeji O, Olagunju AT, Olagunju TO, Olivares PR, Olsen HE, Olusanya BO,Ong KL, Ong SK, Oren E, Ortiz A, Ota E, Otstavnov SS, \u00d8verland S, Owolabi MO, P A M, Pacella R, Pakpour AH, Pana A, Panda-Jonas S, Parisi A, Park E-K, Parry CDH, Patel S, Pati S, Patil ST, Patle A, Patton GC, Paturi VR, Paulson KR, Pearce N, Pereira DM, Perico N, Pesudovs K, Pham HQ, Phillips MR, Pigott DM, Pillay JD, Piradov MA,Pirsaheb M, Pishgar F, Plana-Ripoll O, Plass D, Polinder S, Popova S, Postma MJ, Pourshams A, Poustchi H, Prabhakaran D, Prakash S, Prakash V, Purcell CA, Purwar MB, Qorbani M, Quistberg DA, Radfar A, Rafay A, Rafiei A, Rahim F, Rahimi K, Rahimi-Movaghar A,Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahman M, Rahman MHu, Rahman MA, Rahman SU, Rai RK, Rajati F, Ram U, Ranjan P, Ranta A, Rao PC, Rawaf DL, Rawaf S, Reddy KS, Reiner RC, Reinig N, Reitsma MB, Remuzzi G, Renzaho AMN, Resnikoff S, Rezaei S, Rezai MS, Ribeiro ALP, Roberts NLS, Robinson SR, Roever L, Ronfani L, Roshandel G, Rostami A, Roth GA, Roy A, Rubagotti E, Sachdev PS, Sadat N, Saddik B, Sadeghi E, Saeedi Moghaddam S, Safari H, Safari Y, Safari-Faramani R, Safdarian M, Safi S, Safiri S, Sagar R, Sahebkar A, Sahraian MA, Sajadi HS, Salam N, Salama JS, Salamati P, Saleem K, Saleem Z, Salimi Y, Salomon JA, Salvi SS, Salz I, Samy AM, Sanabria J, Sang Y, Santomauro DF, Santos IS, Santos JV, Santric Milicevic MM, Sao Jose BP, Sardana M, Sarker AR, Sarrafzadegan N, Sartorius B, Sarvi S, Sathian B, Satpathy M, Sawant AR, Sawhney M, Saxena S, Saylan M, Schaeffner E, Schmidt MI, Schneider IJC, Sch\u00f6ttker B, Schwebel DC, Schwendicke F, Scott JG, Sekerija M, Sepanlou SG, Serv\u00e1n-Mori E, Seyedmousavi S, Shabaninejad H, Shafieesabet A, Shahbazi M, Shaheen AA, Shaikh MA, Shams-Beyranvand M, Shamsi M, Shamsizadeh M, Sharafi H,Sharafi K, Sharif M, Sharif-Alhoseini M, Sharma M, Sharma R, She J, Sheikh A, Shi P, Shibuya K, Shigematsu M, Shiri R, Shirkoohi R, Shishani K, Shiue I, Shokraneh F,Shoman H, Shrime MG, Si S, Siabani S, Siddiqi TJ, Sigfusdottir ID, Sigurvinsdottir R, Silva JP, Silveira DGA, Singam NSV, Singh JA, Singh NP, Singh V, Sinha DN, Skiadaresi E, Slepak ELN, Sliwa K, Smith DL, Smith M, Soares Filho AM, Sobaih BH, Sobhani S,Sobngwi E, Soneji SS, Soofi M, Soosaraei M, Sorensen RJD, Soriano JB, Soyiri IN, Sposato LA, Sreeramareddy CT, Srinivasan V, Stanaway JD, Stein DJ, Steiner C, Steiner TJ,Stokes MA, Stovner LJ, Subart ML, Sudaryanto A, Sufiyan MaB, Sunguya BF, Sur PJ, Sutradhar I, Sykes BL, Sylte DO, Tabar\u00e9s-Seisdedos R, Tadakamadla SK, Tadesse BT, Tandon N,Tassew SG, Tavakkoli M, Taveira N, Taylor HR, Tehrani-Banihashemi A, Tekalign TG,Tekelemedhin SW, Tekle MG, Temesgen H, Temsah M-H, Temsah O, Terkawi AS, Teweldemedhin M, Thankappan KR, Thomas N, Tilahun B, To QG, Tonelli M, Topor-Madry R, Topouzis F,Torre AE, Tortajada-Girb\u00e9s M, Touvier M, Tovani-Palone MR, Towbin JA, Tran BX, Tran KB, Troeger CE, Truelsen TC, Tsilimbaris MK, Tsoi D, Tudor Car L, Tuzcu EM, Ukwaja KN, Ullah I, Undurraga EA, Unutzer J, Updike RL, Usman MS, Uthman OA, Vaduganathan M, Vaezi A, Valdez PR, Varughese S, Vasankari TJ, Venketasubramanian N, Villafaina S, Violante FS, Vladimirov SK, Vlassov V, Vollset SE, Vosoughi K, Vujcic IS, Wagnew FS, Waheed Y, Waller SG, Wang Y, Wang Y-P, Weiderpass E, Weintraub RG, Weiss DJ, Weldegebreal F, Weldegwergs KG, Werdecker A, West TE, Whiteford HA, Widecka J, Wijeratne T, Wilner LB, Wilson S, Winkler AS, Wiyeh AB, Wiysonge CS, Wolfe CDA, Woolf AD, Wu S, Wu Y-C,Wyper GMA, Xavier D, Xu G, Yadgir S, Yadollahpour A, Yahyazadeh Jabbari SH, Yamada T, Yan LL, Yano Y, Yaseri M, Yasin YJ, Yeshaneh A, Yimer EM, Yip P, Yisma E, Yonemoto N, Yoon S-J, Yotebieng M, Younis MZ, Yousefifard M, Yu C, Zadnik V, Zaidi Z, Zaman SB, Zamani M, Zare Z, Zeleke AJ, Zenebe ZM, Zhang K, Zhao Z, Zhou M, Zodpey S, Zucker I, Vos T, Murray CJL (2018) Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence,and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990\u20132017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet (London, England) 392(10159):1789\u20131858. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(18)32279-7","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(18)32279-7"},{"key":"6006_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dicker D, Nguyen G, Abate D, Abate KH, Abay SM, Abbafati C, Abbasi N, Abbastabar H,Abd-Allah F, Abdela J, Abdelalim A, Abdel-Rahman O, Abdi A, Abdollahpour I, Abdulkader RS, Abdurahman AA, Abebe HT, Abebe M, Abebe Z, Abebo TA, Aboyans V, Abraha HN, Abrham AR, Abu-Raddad LJ, Abu-Rmeileh NME, Accrombessi MMK, Acharya P, Adebayo OM, Adedeji IA, Adedoyin RA, Adekanmbi V, Adetokunboh OO, Adhena BM, Adhikari TB, Adib MG, Adou AK, Adsuar JC, Afarideh M, Afshin A, Agarwal G, Aggarwal R, Aghayan SA, Agrawal S,Agrawal A, Ahmadi M, Ahmadi A, Ahmadieh H, Ahmed MLCb, Ahmed S, Ahmed MB, Aichour AN, Aichour I, Aichour MTE, Akanda AS, Akbari ME, Akibu M, Akinyemi RO, Akinyemiju T, Akseer N, Alahdab F, Al-Aly Z, Alam K, Alebel A, Aleman AV, Alene KA, Al-Eyadhy A, Ali R, Alijanzadeh M, Alizadeh-Navaei R, Aljunid SM, Alkerwi Aa, Alla F, Allebeck P, Allen CA, Alonso J, Al-Raddadi RM, Alsharif U, Altirkawi K, Alvis-Guzman N, Amare AT, Amini E, Ammar W, Amoako YA, Anber NH, Andrei CL, Androudi S, Animut MD, Anjomshoa M, Anlay DZ, Ansari H, Ansariadi A, Ansha MG, Antonio CAT, Appiah SCY, Aremu O, Areri HA, \u00c4rnl\u00f6v J, Arora M, Artaman A, Aryal KK, Asadi-Lari M, Asayesh H, Asfaw ET, Asgedom SW, Assadi R, Ataro Z, Atey TMM, Athari SS, Atique S, Atre SR, Atteraya MS, Attia EF, Ausloos M, Avila-Burgos L, Avokpaho EFGA, Awasthi A, Awuah B, Ayala Quintanilla BP, Ayele HT, Ayele Y, Ayer R, Ayuk TB, Azzopardi PS, Azzopardi-Muscat N, Badali H,Badawi A, Balakrishnan K, Bali AG, Banach M, Banstola A, Barac A, Barboza MA, Barquera S, Barrero LH, Basaleem H, Bassat Q, Basu A, Basu S, Baune BT, Bazargan-Hejazi S,Bedi N, Beghi E, Behzadifar M, Behzadifar M, B\u00e9jot Y, Bekele BB, Belachew AB, Belay AG, Belay E, Belay SA, Belay YA, Bell ML, Bello AK, Bennett DA, Bensenor IM, Berhane A, Berman AE, Bernabe E, Bernstein RS, Bertolacci GJ, Beuran M, Beyranvand T, Bhala N, Bhatia E, Bhatt S, Bhattarai S, Bhaumik S, Bhutta ZA, Biadgo B, Bijani A, Bikbov B, Bililign N, Bin Sayeed MS, Birlik SM, Birungi C, Bisanzio D, Biswas T, Bj\u00f8rge T,Bleyer A, Basara BB, Bose D, Bosetti C, Boufous S, Bourne R, Brady OJ, Bragazzi NL,Brant LC, Brazinova A, Breitborde NJK, Brenner H, Britton G, Brugha T, Burke KE, Busse R, Butt ZA, Cahuana-Hurtado L, Callender CSKH, Campos-Nonato IR, Campuzano Rincon JC, Cano J, Car M, C\u00e1rdenas R, Carreras G, Carrero JJ, Carter A, Carvalho F, Casta\u00f1eda-Orjuela CA, Castillo Rivas J, Castro F, Catal\u00e1-L\u00f3pez F, \u00c7avlin A, Cerin E, Chaiah Y, Champs AP, Chang H-Y, Chang J-C, Chattopadhyay A, Chaturvedi P, Chen W, Chiang PP-C, Chimed-Ochir O, Chin KL, Chisumpa VH, Chitheer A, Choi J-YJ, Christensen H, Christopher DJ, Chung S-C, Cicuttini FM, Ciobanu LG, Cirillo M, Claro RM, Cohen AJ, Collado-Mateo D, Constantin M-M, Conti S, Cooper C, Cooper LT, Cortesi PA, Cortinovis M, Cousin E, Criqui MH,Cromwell EA, Crowe CS, Crump JA, Cucu A, Cunningham M, Daba AK, Dachew BA, Dadi AF,Dandona L, Dandona R, Dang AK, Dargan PI, Daryani A, Das SK, Das Gupta R, das Neves J, Dasa TT, Dash AP, Weaver ND, Davitoiu DV, Davletov K, Dayama A, Courten Bd, De la Hoz FP, De leo D, De Neve J-W, Degefa MG, Degenhardt L, Degfie TT, Deiparine S,Dellavalle RP, Demoz GT, Demtsu BB, Denova-Guti\u00e9rrez E, Deribe K, Dervenis N, Des Jarlais DC, Dessie GA, Dey S, Dharmaratne SD, Dhimal M, Ding EL, Djalalinia S, Doku DT, Dolan KA, Donnelly CA, Dorsey ER, Douwes-Schultz D, Doyle KE, Drake TM, Driscoll TR, Dubey M, Dubljanin E, Duken EE, Duncan BB, Duraes AR, Ebrahimi H, Ebrahimpour S, Edessa D, Edvardsson D, Eggen AE, El Bcheraoui C, El Sayed Zaki M, Elfaramawi M,El-Khatib Z, Ellingsen CL, Elyazar IRF, Enayati A, Endries AYY, Er B, Ermakov SP,Eshrati B, Eskandarieh S, Esmaeili R, Esteghamati A, Esteghamati S, Fakhar M, Fakhim H, Farag T, Faramarzi M, Fareed M, Farhadi F, Farid TA, Farinha CSeS, Farioli A, Faro A, Farvid MS, Farzadfar F, Farzaei MH, Fazeli MS, Feigin VL, Feigl AB, Feizy F, Fentahun N, Fereshtehnejad S-M, Fernandes E, Fernandes JC, Feyissa GT, Fijabi DO, Filip I,Finegold S, Fischer F, Flor LS, Foigt NA, Ford JA, Foreman KJ, Fornari C, Frank TD,Franklin RC, Fukumoto T, Fuller JE, Fullman N, F\u00fcrst T, Furtado JM, Futran ND, Galan A, Gallus S, Gambashidze K, Gamkrelidze A, Gankpe FG, Garcia-Basteiro AL, Garcia-Gordillo MA, Gebre T, Gebre AK, Gebregergs GB, Gebrehiwot TT, Gebremedhin AT, Gelano TF, Gelaw YA, Geleijnse JM, Genova-Maleras R, Gessner BD, Getachew S, Gething PW, Gezae KE,Ghadami MR, Ghadimi R, Ghasemi Falavarjani K, Ghasemi-Kasman M, Ghiasvand H, Ghimire M, Ghoshal AG, Gill PS, Gill TK, Gillum RF, Giussani G, Goenka S, Goli S, Gomez RS,Gomez-Cabrera MC, G\u00f3mez-Dant\u00e9s H, Gona PN, Goodridge A, Gopalani SV, Goto A, Goulart AC, Goulart BNG, Grada A, Grosso G, Gugnani HC, Guimaraes ALS, Guo Y, Gupta PC, Gupta R, Gupta R, Gupta T, Gyawali B, Haagsma JA, Hachinski V, Hafezi-Nejad N, Hagos TB,Hailegiyorgis TT, Hailu GB, Haj-Mirzaian A, Haj-Mirzaian A, Hamadeh RR, Hamidi S,Handal AJ, Hankey GJ, Harb HL, Harikrishnan S, Haririan H, Haro JM, Hasan M, Hassankhani H, Hassen HY, Havmoeller R, Hay RJ, Hay SI, He Y, Hedayatizadeh-Omran A, Hegazy MI,Heibati B, Heidari M, Hendrie D, Henok A, Henry NJ, Heredia-Pi I, Herteliu C, Heydarpour F, Heydarpour P, Heydarpour S, Hibstu DT, Hoek HW, Hole MK, Homaie Rad E, Hoogar P,Horino M, Hosgood HD, Hosseini SM, Hosseinzadeh M, Hostiuc S, Hostiuc M, Hotez PJ,Hoy DG, Hsairi M, Htet AS, Hu G, Huang JJ, Husseini A, Hussen MM, Hutfless S, Iburg KM, Igumbor EU, Ikeda CT, Ilesanmi OS, Iqbal U, Irvani SSN, Isehunwa OO, Islam SMS,Islami F, Jahangiry L, Jahanmehr N, Jain R, Jain SK, Jakovljevic M, James SL, Javanbakht M, Jayaraman S, Jayatilleke AU, Jee SH, Jeemon P, Jha RP, Jha V, Ji JS, Johnson SC,Jonas JB, Joshi A, Jozwiak JJ, Jungari SB, J\u00fcrisson M, K M, Kabir Z, Kadel R, Kahsay A, Kahssay M, Kalani R, Kapil U, Karami M, Karami Matin B, Karch A, Karema C, Karimi N, Karimi SM, Karimi-Sari H, Kasaeian A, Kassa GM, Kassa TD, Kassa ZY, Kassebaum NJ,Katibeh M, Katikireddi SV, Kaul A, Kawakami N, Kazemeini H, Kazemi Z, Karyani AK,K C P, Kebede S, Keiyoro PN, Kemp GR, Kengne AP, Keren A, Kereselidze M, Khader YS,Khafaie MA, Khajavi A, Khalid N, Khalil IA, Khan EA, Khan G, Khan MS, Khan MA, Khang Y-H, Khanna T, Khater MM, Khatony A, Khazaie H, Khoja AT, Khosravi A, Khosravi MH,Khubchandani J, Kiadaliri AA, Kibret GDD, Kim C-i, Kim D, Kim JY, Kim Y-E, Kimokoti RW, Kinfu Y, Kinra S, Kisa A, Kissimova-Skarbek K, Kissoon N, Kivim\u00e4ki M, Kleber ME,Knibbs LD, Knudsen AKS, Kochhar S, Kokubo Y, Kolola T, Kopec JA, Kosek MN, Kosen S,Koul PA, Koyanagi A, Kravchenko MA, Krishan K, Krishnaswami S, Kuate Defo B, Kucuk Bicer B, Kudom AA, Kuipers EJ, Kulikoff XR, Kumar GA, Kumar M, Kumar P, Kumsa FA,Kutz MJ, Lad SD, Lafranconi A, Lal DK, Lalloo R, Lam H, Lami FH, Lan Q, Langan SM,Lansingh VC, Lansky S, Larson HJ, Laryea DO, Lassi ZS, Latifi A, Lavados PM, Laxmaiah A, Lazarus JV, Lebedev G, Lee PH, Leigh J, Leshargie CT, Leta S, Levi M, Li S, Li Y, Li X, Liang J, Liang X, Liben ML, Lim L-L, Lim SS, Limenih MA, Linn S, Liu S, Liu Y, Lodha R, Logroscino G, Lonsdale C, Lorch SA, Lorkowski S, Lotufo PA, Lozano R,Lucas TCD, Lunevicius R, Lyons RA, Ma S, Mabika C, Macarayan ERK, Mackay MT, Maddison ER, Maddison R, Madotto F, Magdy Abd El Razek H, Magdy Abd El Razek M, Maghavani DP,Majdan M, Majdzadeh R, Majeed A, Malekzadeh R, Malik MA, Malta DC, Mamun AA, Manamo WA, Manda A-L, Mansournia MA, Mantovani LG, Mapoma CC, Marami D, Maravilla JC, Marcenes W, Marina S, Martinez-Raga J, Martins SCO, Martins-Melo FR, M\u00e4rz W, Marzan MB, Mashamba-Thompson TP, Masiye F, Massenburg BB, Maulik PK, Mazidi M, McGrath JJ, McKee M, Mehata S, Mehendale SM, Mehndiratta MM, Mehrotra R, Mehta KM, Mehta V, Mekonen T, Mekonnen TC, Meles HG,Meles KG, Melese A, Melku M, Memiah PTN, Memish ZA, Mendoza W, Mengistu DT, Mengistu G, Mensah GA, Mereta ST, Meretoja A, Meretoja TJ, Mestrovic T, Mezgebe HB, Miangotar Y, Miazgowski B, Miazgowski T, Miller TR, Mini GK, Mirica A, Mirrakhimov EM, Misganaw AT, Moazen B, Moges NA, Mohammad KA, Mohammadi M, Mohammadifard N, Mohammadi-Khanaposhtani M, Mohammadnia-Afrouzi M, Mohammed S, Mohammed MA, Mohan V, Mokdad AH, Molokhia M,Monasta L, Moradi G, Moradi M, Moradi-Lakeh M, Moradinazar M, Moraga P, Morawska L,Moreno Vel\u00e1squez I, Morgado-da-Costa J, Morrison SD, Mosapour A, Moschos MM, Mousavi SM, Muche AA, Muchie KF, Mueller UO, Mukhopadhyay S, Mullany EC, Muller K, Murhekar M, Murphy TB, Murthy GVS, Murthy S, Musa J, Musa KI, Mustafa G, Muthupandian S, Nachega JB, Nagel G, Naghavi M, Naheed A, Nahvijou A, Naik G, Nair S, Najafi F, Nangia V,Nansseu JR, Nascimento BR, Nawaz H, Ncama BP, Neamati N, Negoi I, Negoi RI, Neupane S, Newton CRJ, Ngalesoni FN, Ngunjiri JW, Nguyen HT, Nguyen HT, Nguyen LH, Nguyen M, Nguyen TH, Ningrum DNA, Nirayo YL, Nisar MI, Nixon MR, Nolutshungu N, Nomura S,Norheim OF, Noroozi M, Norrving B, Noubiap JJ, Nouri HR, Nourollahpour Shiadeh M,Nowroozi MR, Nsoesie EO, Nyasulu PS, Ofori-Asenso R, Ogah OS, Ogbo FA, Oh I-H, Okoro A, Oladimeji O, Olagunju AT, Olagunju TO, Olivares PR, Olusanya BO, Olusanya JO, Ong SK, Opio JN, Oren E, Ortiz JR, Ortiz A, Ota E, Otstavnov SS, \u00d8verland S, Owolabi MO,Oyekale AS, P A M, Pacella R, Pakhale S, Pakhare AP, Pana A, Panda BK, Panda-Jonas S, Pandey AR, Pandian JD, Parisi A, Park E-K, Parry CDH, Parsian H, Patel S, Patle A, Patten SB, Patton GC, Paudel D, Pearce N, Peprah EK, Pereira A, Pereira DM, Perez KM, Perico N, Pervaiz A, Pesudovs K, Petri WA, Petzold M, Phillips MR, Pigott DM,Pillay JD, Pirsaheb M, Pishgar F, Plass D, Polinder S, Pond CD, Popova S, Postma MJ,Pourmalek F, Pourshams A, Poustchi H, Prabhakaran D, Prakash V, Prakash S, Prasad N, Qorbani M, Quistberg DA, Radfar A, Rafay A, Rafiei A, Rahim F, Rahimi K, Rahimi-Movaghar A, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahman M, Rahman MHU, Rahman MA, Rahman Su, Rai RK, Rajati F,Rajsic S, Raju SB, Ram U, Ranabhat CL, Ranjan P, Ranta A, Rasella D, Rawaf DL, Rawaf S, Ray SE, Razo-Garc\u00eda C, Rego MAS, Rehm J, Reiner RC, Reinig N, Reis C, Remuzzi G,Renzaho AMN, Resnikoff S, Rezaei S, Rezaeian S, Rezai MS, Riahi SM, Ribeiro ALP, Riojas H, Rios-Blancas MJ, Roba KT, Robinson SR, Roever L, Ronfani L, Roshandel G, Roshchin DO, Rostami A, Rothenbacher D, Rubagotti E, Ruhago GM, Saadat S, Sabde YD, Sachdev PS, Saddik B, Sadeghi E, Moghaddam SS, Safari H, Safari Y, Safari-Faramani R, Safdarian M, Safi S, Safiri S, Sagar R, Sahebkar A, Sahraian MA, Sajadi HS, Salahshoor MR, Salam N, Salama JS, Salamati P, Saldanha RdF, Salimi Y, Salimzadeh H, Salz I, Sambala EZ,Samy AM, Sanabria J, Sanchez-Ni\u00f1o MD, Santos IS, Santos JV, Santric Milicevic MM,Sao Jose BP, Sardana M, Sarker AR, Sarrafzadegan N, Sartorius B, Sarvi S, Sathian B, Satpathy M, Savic M, Sawant AR, Sawhney M, Saxena S, Sayyah M, Scaria V, Schaeffner E, Schelonka K, Schmidt MI, Schneider IJC, Sch\u00f6ttker B, Schutte AE, Schwebel DC, Schwendicke F, Scott JG, Sekerija M, Sepanlou SG, Serv\u00e1n-Mori E, Shabaninejad H, Shackelford KA,Shafieesabet A, Shaheen AA, Shaikh MA, Shakir RA, Shams-Beyranvand M, Shamsi M, Shamsizadeh M, Sharafi H, Sharafi K, Sharif M, Sharif-Alhoseini M, Sharma M, Sharma J, Sharma R, She J, Sheikh A, Sheth KN, Shi P, Shibuya K, Shifa GT, Shiferaw MS, Shigematsu M, Shiri R, Shirkoohi R, Shiue I, Shokraneh F, Shrime MG, Shukla SR, Si S, Siabani S, Siddiqi TJ, Sigfusdottir ID, Sigurvinsdottir R, Silpakit N, Silva DAS, Silva JP,Silveira DGA, Singam NSV, Singh JA, Singh V, Sinha AP, Sinha DN, Sitas F, Skirbekk V, Sliwa K, Soares Filho AM, Sobaih BH, Sobhani S, Soofi M, Soriano JB, Soyiri IN,Sposato LA, Sreeramareddy CT, Srinivasan V, Srivastava RK, Starodubov VI, Stathopoulou V, Steel N, Stein DJ, Steiner C, Stewart LG, Stokes MA, Sudaryanto A, Sufiyan MaB,Sulo G, Sunguya BF, Sur PJ, Sutradhar I, Sykes BL, Sylaja PN, Sylte DO, Szoeke CEI,Tabar\u00e9s-Seisdedos R, Tabuchi T, Tadakamadla SK, Takahashi K, Tandon N, Tassew AA,Tassew SG, Tavakkoli M, Taveira N, Tawye NY, Tehrani-Banihashemi A, Tekalign TG, Tekle MG, Temesgen H, Temsah M-H, Temsah O, Terkawi AS, Teshale MY, Tessema B, Teweldemedhin M, Thakur JS, Thankappan KR, Thirunavukkarasu S, Thomas LA, Thomas N, Thrift AG, Tilahun B, To QG, Tobe-Gai R, Tonelli M, Topor-Madry R, Topouzis F, Torre AE, Tortajada-Girb\u00e9s M, Tovani-Palone MR, Towbin JA, Tran BX, Tran KB, Tripathi S, Tripathy SP, Truelsen TC, Truong NT, Tsadik AG, Tsilimparis N, Tudor Car L, Tuzcu EM, Tyrovolas S, Ukwaja KN, Ullah I, Usman MS, Uthman OA, Uzun SB, Vaduganathan M, Vaezi A, Vaidya G, Valdez PR, Varavikova E, Varughese S, Vasankari TJ, Vasconcelos AMN, Venketasubramanian N,Vidavalur R, Villafaina S, Violante FS, Vladimirov SK, Vlassov V, Vollset SE, Vos T, Vosoughi K, Vujcic IS, Wagner GR, Wagnew FWS, Waheed Y, Wang Y, Wang Y-P, Wassie MM, Weiderpass E, Weintraub RG, Weiss DJ, Weiss J, Weldegebreal F, Weldegwergs KG,Werdecker A, Westerman R, Whiteford HA, Widecka J, Widecka K, Wijeratne T, Winkler AS, Wiysonge CS, Wolfe CDA, Wondemagegn SA, Wu S, Wyper GMA, Xu G, Yadav R, Yakob B, Yamada T, Yan LL, Yano Y, Yaseri M, Yasin YJ, Ye P, Yearwood JA, Yent\u00fcr GK, Yeshaneh A, Yimer EM, Yip P, Yisma E, Yonemoto N, Yoon S-J, York HW, Yotebieng M, Younis MZ,Yousefifard M, Yu C, Zachariah G, Zadnik V, Zafar S, Zaidi Z, Zaman SB, Zamani M,Zare Z, Zeeb H, Zeleke MM, Zenebe ZM, Zerfu TA, Zhang K, Zhang X, Zhou M, Zhu J, Zodpey S, Zucker I, Zuhlke LJJ, Lopez AD, Gakidou E, Murray CJL (2018) Global, regional,and national age-sex-specific mortality and life expectancy, 1950\u20132017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet (London, England) 392(10159):1684\u20131735.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31891-9","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31891-9"},{"key":"6006_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vos T, Lim SS, Abbafati C, Abbas KM, Abbasi M, Abbasifard M, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abbastabar H, Abd-Allah F, Abdelalim A, Abdollahi M, Abdollahpour I, Abolhassani H, Aboyans V,Abrams EM, Abreu LG, Abrigo MRM, Abu-Raddad LJ, Abushouk AI, Acebedo A, Ackerman IN,Adabi M, Adamu AA, Adebayo OM, Adekanmbi V, Adelson JD, Adetokunboh OO, Adham D, Afshari M, Afshin A, Agardh EE, Agarwal G, Agesa KM, Aghaali M, Aghamir SMK, Agrawal A, Ahmad T, Ahmadi A, Ahmadi M, Ahmadieh H, Ahmadpour E, Akalu TY, Akinyemi RO, Akinyemiju T, Akombi B, Al-Aly Z, Alam K, Alam N, Alam S, Alam T, Alanzi TM, Albertson SB, Alcalde-Rabanal JE, Alema NM, Ali M, Ali S, Alicandro G, Alijanzadeh M, Alinia C, Alipour V, Aljunid SM, Alla F, Allebeck P, Almasi-Hashiani A, Alonso J, Al-Raddadi RM, Altirkawi KA,Alvis-Guzman N, Alvis-Zakzuk NJ, Amini S, Amini-Rarani M, Aminorroaya A, Amiri F,Amit AML, Amugsi DA, Amul GGH, Anderlini D, Andrei CL, Andrei T, Anjomshoa M, Ansari F, Ansari I, Ansari-Moghaddam A, Antonio CAT, Antony CM, Antriyandarti E, Anvari D,Anwer R, Arabloo J, Arab-Zozani M, Aravkin AY, Ariani F, \u00c4rnl\u00f6v J, Aryal KK, Arzani A, Asadi-Aliabadi M, Asadi-Pooya AA, Asghari B, Ashbaugh C, Atnafu DD, Atre SR, Ausloos F, Ausloos M, Ayala Quintanilla BP, Ayano G, Ayanore MA, Aynalem YA, Azari S, Azarian G, Azene ZN, Babaee E, Badawi A, Bagherzadeh M, Bakhshaei MH, Bakhtiari A, Balakrishnan S, Balalla S, Balassyano S, Banach M, Banik PC, Bannick MS, Bante AB, Baraki AG, Barboza MA, Barker-Collo SL, Barthelemy CM, Barua L, Barzegar A, Basu S, Baune BT, Bayati M, Bazmandegan G, Bedi N, Beghi E, B\u00e9jot Y, Bello AK, Bender RG, Bennett DA, Bennitt FB, Bensenor IM, Benziger CP, Berhe K, Bernabe E, Bertolacci GJ, Bhageerathy R, Bhala N, Bhandari D, Bhardwaj P, Bhattacharyya K, Bhutta ZA, Bibi S, Biehl MH, Bikbov B,Bin Sayeed MS, Biondi A, Birihane BM, Bisanzio D, Bisignano C, Biswas RK, Bohlouli S, Bohluli M, Bolla SRR, Boloor A, Boon-Dooley AS, Borges G, Borz\u00ec AM, Bourne R, Brady OJ, Brauer M, Brayne C, Breitborde NJK, Brenner H, Briant PS, Briggs AM, Briko NI,Britton GB, Bryazka D, Buchbinder R, Bumgarner BR, Busse R, Butt ZA, Caetano dos Santos FL, C\u00e1mera LLAA, Campos-Nonato IR, Car J, C\u00e1rdenas R, Carreras G, Carrero JJ, Carvalho F, Castaldelli-Maia JM, Casta\u00f1eda-Orjuela CA, Castelpietra G, Castle CD, Castro F,Catal\u00e1-L\u00f3pez F, Causey K, Cederroth CR, Cercy KM, Cerin E, Chandan JS, Chang AR, Charlson FJ, Chattu VK, Chaturvedi S, Chimed-Ochir O, Chin KL, Cho DY, Christensen H, Chu D-T,Chung MT, Cicuttini FM, Ciobanu LG, Cirillo M, Collins EL, Compton K, Conti S, Cortesi PA, Costa VM, Cousin E, Cowden RG, Cowie BC, Cromwell EA, Cross DH, Crowe CS, Cruz JA, Cunningham M, Dahlawi SMA, Damiani G, Dandona L, Dandona R, Darwesh AM, Daryani A, Das JK, Das Gupta R, das Neves J, D\u00e1vila-Cervantes CA, Davletov K, De Leo D, Dean FE, DeCleene NK, Deen A, Degenhardt L, Dellavalle RP, Demeke FM, Demsie DG, Denova-Guti\u00e9rrez E, Dereje ND, Dervenis N, Desai R, Desalew A, Dessie GA, Dharmaratne SD, Dhungana GP, Dianatinasab M, Diaz D, Dibaji Forooshani ZS, Dingels ZV, Dirac MA, Djalalinia S, Do HT, Dokova K, Dorostkar F, Doshi CP, Doshmangir L, Douiri A, Doxey MC, Driscoll TR, Dunachie SJ, Duncan BB, Duraes AR, Eagan AW, Ebrahimi Kalan M, Edvardsson D, Ehrlich JR, El Nahas N, El Sayed I, El Tantawi M, Elbarazi I, Elgendy IY, Elhabashy HR, El-Jaafary SI, Elyazar IRF, Emamian MH, Emmons-Bell S, Erskine HE, Eshrati B, Eskandarieh S,Esmaeilnejad S, Esmaeilzadeh F, Esteghamati A, Estep K, Etemadi A, Etisso AE, Farahmand M, Faraj A, Fareed M, Faridnia R, Farinha CSeS, Farioli A, Faro A, Faruque M, Farzadfar F, Fattahi N, Fazlzadeh M, Feigin VL, Feldman R, Fereshtehnejad S-M, Fernandes E,Ferrari AJ, Ferreira ML, Filip I, Fischer F, Fisher JL, Fitzgerald R, Flohr C, Flor LS, Foigt NA, Folayan MO, Force LM, Fornari C, Foroutan M, Fox JT, Freitas M, Fu W,Fukumoto T, Furtado JM, Gad MM, Gakidou E, Galles NC, Gallus S, Gamkrelidze A, Garcia-Basteiro AL, Gardner WM, Geberemariyam BS, Gebrehiwot AM, Gebremedhin KB, Gebreslassie AAAA,Gershberg Hayoon A, Gething PW, Ghadimi M, Ghadiri K, Ghafourifard M, Ghajar A, Ghamari F, Ghashghaee A, Ghiasvand H, Ghith N, Gholamian A, Gilani SA, Gill PS, Gitimoghaddam M, Giussani G, Goli S, Gomez RS, Gopalani SV, Gorini G, Gorman TM, Gottlich HC, Goudarzi H, Goulart AC, Goulart BNG, Grada A, Grivna M, Grosso G, Gubari MIM, Gugnani HC, Guimaraes ALS, Guimar\u00e3es RA, Guled RA, Guo G, Guo Y, Gupta R, Haagsma JA, Haddock B, Hafezi-Nejad N, Hafiz A, Hagins H, Haile LM, Hall BJ, Halvaei I, Hamadeh RR, Hamagharib Abdullah K, Hamilton EB, Han C, Han H, Hankey GJ, Haro JM, Harvey JD, Hasaballah AI, Hasanzadeh A, Hashemian M, Hassanipour S, Hassankhani H, Havmoeller RJ, Hay RJ, Hay SI, Hayat K, Heidari B, Heidari G, Heidari-Soureshjani R, Hendrie D, Henrikson HJ, Henry NJ,Herteliu C, Heydarpour F, Hird TR, Hoek HW, Hole MK, Holla R, Hoogar P, Hosgood HD,Hosseinzadeh M, Hostiuc M, Hostiuc S, Househ M, Hoy DG, Hsairi M, Hsieh VC-r, Hu G,Huda TM, Hugo FN, Huynh CK, Hwang B-F, Iannucci VC, Ibitoye SE, Ikuta KS, Ilesanmi OS, Ilic IM, Ilic MD, Inbaraj LR, Ippolito H, Irvani SSN, Islam MM, Islam M, Islam SMS, Islami F, Iso H, Ivers RQ, Iwu CCD, Iyamu IO, Jaafari J, Jacobsen KH, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Jafari H, Jafarinia M, Jahagirdar D, Jahani MA, Jahanmehr N, Jakovljevic M, Jalali A, Jalilian F, James SL, Janjani H, Janodia MD, Jayatilleke AU, Jeemon P, Jenabi E,Jha RP, Jha V, Ji JS, Jia P, John O, John-Akinola YO, Johnson CO, Johnson SC, Jonas JB, Joo T, Joshi A, Jozwiak JJ, J\u00fcrisson M, Kabir A, Kabir Z, Kalani H, Kalani R,Kalankesh LR, Kalhor R, Kamiab Z, Kanchan T, Karami Matin B, Karch A, Karim MA, Karimi SE, Kassa GM, Kassebaum NJ, Katikireddi SV, Kawakami N, Kayode GA, Keddie SH, Keller C, Kereselidze M, Khafaie MA, Khalid N, Khan M, Khatab K, Khater MM, Khatib MN, Khayamzadeh M, Khodayari MT, Khundkar R, Kianipour N, Kieling C, Kim D, Kim Y-E, Kim YJ, Kimokoti RW, Kisa A, Kisa S, Kissimova-Skarbek K, Kivim\u00e4ki M, Kneib CJ, Knudsen AKS, Kocarnik JM, Kolola T, Kopec JA, Kosen S, Koul PA, Koyanagi A, Kravchenko MA, Krishan K, Krohn KJ, Kuate Defo B, Kucuk Bicer B, Kumar GA, Kumar M, Kumar P, Kumar V, Kumaresh G,Kurmi OP, Kusuma D, Kyu HH, La Vecchia C, Lacey B, Lal DK, Lalloo R, Lam JO, Lami FH, Landires I, Lang JJ, Lansingh VC, Larson SL, Larsson AO, Lasrado S, Lassi ZS,Lau KM-M, Lavados PM, Lazarus JV, Ledesma JR, Lee PH, Lee SWH, LeGrand KE, Leigh J,Leonardi M, Lescinsky H, Leung J, Levi M, Lewington S, Li S, Lim L-L, Lin C, Lin R-T,Linehan C, Linn S, Liu H-C, Liu S, Liu Z, Looker KJ, Lopez AD, Lopukhov PD, Lorkowski S, Lotufo PA, Lucas TCD, Lugo A, Lunevicius R, Lyons RA, Ma J, MacLachlan JH, Maddison ER, Maddison R, Madotto F, Mahasha PW, Mai HT, Majeed A, Maled V, Maleki S, Malekzadeh R, Malta DC, Mamun AA, Manafi A, Manafi N, Manguerra H, Mansouri B, Mansournia MA,Mantilla Herrera AM, Maravilla JC, Marks A, Martins-Melo FR, Martopullo I, Masoumi SZ, Massano J, Massenburg BB, Mathur MR, Maulik PK, McAlinden C, McGrath JJ, McKee M, Mehndiratta MM, Mehri F, Mehta KM, Meitei WB, Memiah PTN, Mendoza W, Menezes RG,Mengesha EW, Mengesha MB, Mereke A, Meretoja A, Meretoja TJ, Mestrovic T, Miazgowski B, Miazgowski T, Michalek IM, Mihretie KM, Miller TR, Mills EJ, Mirica A, Mirrakhimov EM, Mirzaei H, Mirzaei M, Mirzaei-Alavijeh M, Misganaw AT, Mithra P, Moazen B, Moghadaszadeh M, Mohamadi E, Mohammad DK, Mohammad Y, Mohammad Gholi Mezerji N, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammadifard N, Mohammadpourhodki R, Mohammed S, Mokdad AH, Molokhia M, Momen NC, Monasta L, Mondello S, Mooney MD, Moosazadeh M, Moradi G, Moradi M, Moradi-Lakeh M, Moradzadeh R, Moraga P, Morales L, Morawska L, Moreno Vel\u00e1squez I, Morgado-da-Costa J, Morrison SD, Mosser JF, Mouodi S, Mousavi SM, Mousavi Khaneghah A, Mueller UO,Munro SB, Muriithi MK, Musa KI, Muthupandian S, Naderi M, Nagarajan AJ, Nagel G, Naghshtabrizi B, Nair S, Nandi AK, Nangia V, Nansseu JR, Nayak VC, Nazari J, Negoi I, Negoi RI,Netsere HBN, Ngunjiri JW, Nguyen CT, Nguyen J, Nguyen M, Nguyen M, Nichols E, Nigatu D, Nigatu YT, Nikbakhsh R, Nixon MR, Nnaji CA, Nomura S, Norrving B, Noubiap JJ, Nowak C, Nunez-Samudio V, O\u0163oiu A, Oancea B, Odell CM, Ogbo FA, Oh I-H, Okunga EW, Oladnabi M, Olagunju AT, Olusanya BO, Olusanya JO, Oluwasanu MM, Omar Bali A, Omer MO, Ong KL, Onwujekwe OE, Orji AU, Orpana HM, Ortiz A, Ostroff SM, Otstavnov N, Otstavnov SS, \u00d8verland S, Owolabi MO, P A M, Padubidri JR, Pakhare AP, Palladino R, Pana A,Panda-Jonas S, Pandey A, Park E-K, Parmar PGK, Pasupula DK, Patel SK, Paternina-Caicedo AJ, Pathak A, Pathak M, Patten SB, Patton GC, Paudel D, Pazoki Toroudi H, Peden AE,Pennini A, Pepito VCF, Peprah EK, Pereira A, Pereira DM, Perico N, Pham HQ, Phillips MR, Pigott DM, Pilgrim T, Pilz TM, Pirsaheb M, Plana-Ripoll O, Plass D, Pokhrel KN,Polibin RV, Polinder S, Polkinghorne KR, Postma MJ, Pourjafar H, Pourmalek F, Pourmirza Kalhori R, Pourshams A, Pozna\u0144ska A, Prada SI, Prakash V, Pribadi DRA, Pupillo E,Quazi Syed Z, Rabiee M, Rabiee N, Radfar A, Rafiee A, Rafiei A, Raggi A, Rahimi-Movaghar A, Rahman MA, Rajabpour-Sanati A, Rajati F, Ramezanzadeh K, Ranabhat CL, Rao PC, Rao SJ, Rasella D, Rastogi P, Rathi P, Rawaf DL, Rawaf S, Rawal L, Razo C, Redford SB,Reiner RC, Jr., Reinig N, Reitsma MB, Remuzzi G, Renjith V, Renzaho AMN, Resnikoff S, Rezaei N, Rezai Ms, Rezapour A, Rhinehart P-A, Riahi SM, Ribeiro ALP, Ribeiro DC,Ribeiro D, Rickard J, Roberts NLS, Roberts S, Robinson SR, Roever L, Rolfe S, Ronfani L, Roshandel G, Roth GA, Rubagotti E, Rumisha SF, Sabour S, Sachdev PS, Saddik B,Sadeghi E, Sadeghi M, Saeidi S, Safi S, Safiri S, Sagar R, Sahebkar A, Sahraian MA,Sajadi SM, Salahshoor MR, Salamati P, Salehi Zahabi S, Salem H, Salem MRR, Salimzadeh H, Salomon JA, Salz I, Samad Z, Samy AM, Sanabria J, Santomauro DF, Santos IS, Santos JV, Santric-Milicevic MM, Saraswathy SYI, Sarmiento-Su\u00e1rez R, Sarrafzadegan N, Sartorius B, Sarveazad A, Sathian B, Sathish T, Sattin D, Sbarra AN, Schaeffer LE, Schiavolin S, Schmidt MI, Schutte AE, Schwebel DC, Schwendicke F, Senbeta AM, Senthilkumaran S, Sepanlou SG, Shackelford KA, Shadid J, Shahabi S, Shaheen AA, Shaikh MA, Shalash AS, Shams-Beyranvand M, Shamsizadeh M, Shannawaz M, Sharafi K, Sharara F, Sheena BS,Sheikhtaheri A, Shetty RS, Shibuya K, Shiferaw WS, Shigematsu M, Shin JI, Shiri R,Shirkoohi R, Shrime MG, Shuval K, Siabani S, Sigfusdottir ID, Sigurvinsdottir R, Silva JP, Simpson KE, Singh A, Singh JA, Skiadaresi E, Skou ST, Skryabin VY, Sobngwi E,Sokhan A, Soltani S, Sorensen RJD, Soriano JB, Sorrie MB, Soyiri IN, Sreeramareddy CT, Stanaway JD, Stark BA, \u015etefan SC, Stein C, Steiner C, Steiner TJ, Stokes MA, Stovner LJ, Stubbs JL, Sudaryanto A, Sufiyan MaB, Sulo G, Sultan I, Sykes BL, Sylte DO, Sz\u00f3cska M, Tabar\u00e9s-Seisdedos R, Tabb KM, Tadakamadla SK, Taherkhani A, Tajdini M, Takahashi K, Taveira N, Teagle WL, Teame H, Tehrani-Banihashemi A, Teklehaimanot BF, Terrason S, Tessema ZT, Thankappan KR, Thomson AM, Tohidinik HR, Tonelli M, Topor-Madry R,Torre AE, Touvier M, Tovani-Palone MRR, Tran BX, Travillian R, Troeger CE, Truelsen TC, Tsai AC, Tsatsakis A, Tudor Car L, Tyrovolas S, Uddin R, Ullah S, Undurraga EA,Unnikrishnan B, Vacante M, Vakilian A, Valdez PR, Varughese S, Vasankari TJ, Vasseghian Y, Venketasubramanian N, Violante FS, Vlassov V, Vollset SE, Vongpradith A, Vukovic A, Vukovic R, Waheed Y, Walters MK, Wang J, Wang Y, Wang Y-P, Ward JL, Watson A, Wei J, Weintraub RG, Weiss DJ, Weiss J, Westerman R, Whisnant JL, Whiteford HA, Wiangkham T, Wiens KE, Wijeratne T, Wilner LB, Wilson S, Wojtyniak B, Wolfe CDA, Wool EE, Wu A-M, Wulf Hanson S, Wunrow HY, Xu G, Xu R, Yadgir S, Yahyazadeh Jabbari SH, Yamagishi K, Yaminfirooz M, Yano Y, Yaya S, Yazdi-Feyzabadi V, Yearwood JA, Yeheyis TY, Yeshitila YG, Yip P, Yonemoto N, Yoon S-J, Yoosefi Lebni J, Younis MZ, Younker TP, Yousefi Z,Yousefifard M, Yousefinezhadi T, Yousuf AY, Yu C, Yusefzadeh H, Zahirian Moghadam T, Zaki L, Zaman SB, Zamani M, Zamanian M, Zandian H, Zangeneh A, Zastrozhin MS, Zewdie KA, Zhang Y, Zhang Z-J, Zhao JT, Zhao Y, Zheng P, Zhou M, Ziapour A, Zimsen SRM, Naghavi M, Murray CJL (2020) Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990\u20132019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet (London, England) 396(10258):1204\u20131222. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30925-9","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30925-9"},{"issue":"6","key":"6006_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1002056","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002056","volume":"13","author":"GA Stevens","year":"2016","unstructured":"Stevens GA, Alkema L, Black RE, Boerma JT, Collins GS, Ezzati M, Grove JT, Hogan DR, Hogan MC, Horton R, Lawn JE, Marusic A, Mathers CD, Murray CJ, Rudan I, Salomon JA, Simpson PJ, Vos T, Welch V, Group GW (2016) Guidelines for accurate and transparent health estimates reporting: the GATHER statement. PLoS Med 13(6):e1002056. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002056","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"6006_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780200320","volume":"20","author":"SL Wallace","year":"1977","unstructured":"Wallace SL, Robinson H, Masi AT, Decker JL, McCarty DJ, Yu TF (1977) Preliminary criteria for the classification of the acute arthritis of primary gout. Arthritis Rheum 20(3):895\u2013900. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.1780200320","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"10","key":"6006_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2557","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39254","volume":"67","author":"T Neogi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Neogi T, Jansen TL, Dalbeth N, Fransen J, Schumacher HR, Berendsen D, Brown M, Choi H, Edwards NL, Janssens HJ, Liote F, Naden RP, Nuki G, Ogdie A, Perez-Ruiz F, Saag K, Singh JA, Sundy JS, Tausche AK, Vazquez-Mellado J, Yarows SA, Taylor WJ (2015) 2015 gout classification criteria: an American college of Rheumatology\/European league against rheumatism collaborative initiative. Arthritis Rheumatol 67(10):2557\u20132568. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.39254","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"6006_CR21","unstructured":"(2020) Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network. Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019) Cause List Mapped to ICD Codes. Seattle, United States of America: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), 2020. In"},{"key":"6006_CR22","unstructured":"Compare Tool IHMEGBD, Seattle WA (2019) IHME, University of Washington, [accessed July 16, 2022]. In"},{"issue":"4","key":"6006_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2016.5688","volume":"3","author":"C Fitzmaurice","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fitzmaurice C, Allen C, Barber RM, Barregard L, Bhutta ZA, Brenner H, Dicker DJ, Chimed-Orchir O, Dandona R, Dandona L, Fleming T, Forouzanfar MH, Hancock J, Hay RJ, Hunter-Merrill R, Huynh C, Hosgood HD, Johnson CO, Jonas JB, Khubchandani J, Kumar GA, Kutz M, Lan Q, Larson HJ, Liang X, Lim SS, Lopez AD, MacIntyre MF, Marczak L, Marquez N, Mokdad AH, Pinho C, Pourmalek F, Salomon JA, Sanabria JR, Sandar L, Sartorius B, Schwartz SM, Shackelford KA, Shibuya K, Stanaway J, Steiner C, Sun J, Takahashi K, Vollset SE, Vos T, Wagner JA, Wang H, Westerman R, Zeeb H, Zoeckler L, Abd-Allah F, Ahmed MB, Alabed S, Alam NK, Aldhahri SF, Alem G, Alemayohu MA, Ali R, Al-Raddadi R, Amare A, Amoako Y, Artaman A, Asayesh H, Atnafu N, Awasthi A, Saleem HB, Barac A, Bedi N, Bensenor I, Berhane A, Bernabe E, Betsu B, Binagwaho A, Boneya D, Campos-Nonato I, Castaneda-Orjuela C, Catala-Lopez F, Chiang P, Chibueze C, Chitheer A, Choi JY, Cowie B, Damtew S, das Neves J, Dey S, Dharmaratne S, Dhillon P, Ding E, Driscoll T, Ekwueme D, Endries AY, Farvid M, Farzadfar F, Fernandes J, Fischer F, TT GH, Gebru A, Gopalani S, Hailu A, Horino M, Horita N, Husseini A, Huybrechts I, Inoue M, Islami F, Jakovljevic M, James S, Javanbakht M, Jee SH, Kasaeian A, Kedir MS, Khader YS, Khang YH, Kim D, Leigh J, Linn S, Lunevicius R, El Razek HMA, Malekzadeh R, Malta DC, Marcenes W, Markos D, Melaku YA, Meles KG, Mendoza W, Mengiste DT, Meretoja TJ, Miller TR, Mohammad KA, Mohammadi A, Mohammed S, Moradi-Lakeh M, Nagel G, Nand D, Le Nguyen Q, Nolte S, Ogbo FA, Oladimeji KE, Oren E, Pa M, Park EK, Pereira DM, Plass D, Qorbani M, Radfar A, Rafay A, Rahman M, Rana SM, Soreide K, Satpathy M, Sawhney M, Sepanlou SG, Shaikh MA, She J, Shiue I, Shore HR, Shrime MG, So S, Soneji S, Stathopoulou V, Stroumpoulis K, Sufiyan MB, Sykes BL, Tabares-Seisdedos R, Tadese F, Tedla BA, Tessema GA, Thakur JS, Tran BX, Ukwaja KN, Uzochukwu BSC, Vlassov VV, Weiderpass E, Wubshet Terefe M, Yebyo HG, Yimam HH, Yonemoto N, Younis MZ, Yu C, Zaidi Z, Zaki MES, Zenebe ZM, Murray CJL, Naghavi M (2017) Global, Regional, and National cancer Incidence, Mortality, years of life lost. JAMA Oncol 3(4):524\u2013548 Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life-years for 32 Cancer Groups, 1990 to 2015: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaoncol.2016.5688","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"key":"6006_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Murray CJL, Aravkin AY, Zheng P, Abbafati C, Abbas KM, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abd-Allah F, Abdelalim A, Abdollahi M, Abdollahpour I, Abegaz KH, Abolhassani H, Aboyans V,Abreu LG, Abrigo MRM, Abualhasan A, Abu-Raddad LJ, Abushouk AI, Adabi M, Adekanmbi V, Adeoye AM, Adetokunboh OO, Adham D, Advani SM, Agarwal G, Aghamir SMK, Agrawal A, Ahmad T, Ahmadi K, Ahmadi M, Ahmadieh H, Ahmed MB, Akalu TY, Akinyemi RO, Akinyemiju T, Akombi B, Akunna CJ, Alahdab F, Al-Aly Z, Alam K, Alam S, Alam T, Alanezi FM, Alanzi TM, Alemu Bw, Alhabib KF, Ali M, Ali S, Alicandro G, Alinia C, Alipour V, Alizade H, Aljunid SM, Alla F, Allebeck P, Almasi-Hashiani A, Al-Mekhlafi HM, Alonso J, Altirkawi KA, Amini-Rarani M, Amiri F, Amugsi DA, Ancuceanu R, Anderlini D, Anderson JA, Andrei CL, Andrei T, Angus C, Anjomshoa M, Ansari F, Ansari-Moghaddam A, Antonazzo IC, Antonio CAT, Antony CM, Antriyandarti E, Anvari D, Anwer R, Appiah SCY, Arabloo J, Arab-Zozani M, Ariani F, Armoon B, \u00c4rnl\u00f6v J, Arzani A, Asadi-Aliabadi M, Asadi-Pooya AA, Ashbaugh C, Assmus M, Atafar Z, Atnafu DD, Atout MMdW, Ausloos F, Ausloos M, Ayala Quintanilla BP, Ayano G, Ayanore MA, Azari S, Azarian G, Azene ZN, Badawi A, Badiye AD, Bahrami MA, Bakhshaei MH, Bakhtiari A, Bakkannavar SM, Baldasseroni A, Ball K, Ballew SH,Balzi D, Banach M, Banerjee SK, Bante AB, Baraki AG, Barker-Collo SL, B\u00e4rnighausen TW, Barrero LH, Barthelemy CM, Barua L, Basu S, Baune BT, Bayati M, Becker JS, Bedi N, Beghi E, B\u00e9jot Y, Bell ML, Bennitt FB, Bensenor IM, Berhe K, Berman AE, Bhagavathula AS, Bhageerathy R, Bhala N, Bhandari D, Bhattacharyya K, Bhutta ZA, Bijani A, Bikbov B, Bin Sayeed MS, Biondi A, Birihane BM, Bisignano C, Biswas RK, Bitew H, Bohlouli S, Bohluli M, Boon-Dooley AS, Borges G, Borz\u00ec AM, Borzouei S, Bosetti C, Boufous S,Braithwaite D, Breitborde NJK, Breitner S, Brenner H, Briant PS, Briko AN, Briko NI,Britton GB, Bryazka D, Bumgarner BR, Burkart K, Burnett RT, Burugina Nagaraja S, Butt ZA, Caetano dos Santos FL, Cahill LE, C\u00e1mera LLAA, Campos-Nonato IR, C\u00e1rdenas R, Carreras G, Carrero JJ, Carvalho F, Castaldelli-Maia JM, Casta\u00f1eda-Orjuela CA, Castelpietra G, Castro F, Causey K, Cederroth CR, Cercy KM, Cerin E, Chandan JS, Chang K-L, Charlson FJ, Chattu VK, Chaturvedi S, Cherbuin N, Chimed-Ochir O, Cho DY, Choi J-YJ, Christensen H, Chu D-T, Chung MT, Chung S-C, Cicuttini FM, Ciobanu LG, Cirillo M, Classen TKD,Cohen AJ, Compton K, Cooper OR, Costa VM, Cousin E, Cowden RG, Cross DH, Cruz JA,Dahlawi SMA, Damasceno AAM, Damiani G, Dandona L, Dandona R, Dangel WJ, Danielsson A-K, Dargan PI, Darwesh AM, Daryani A, Das JK, Das Gupta R, das Neves J, D\u00e1vila-Cervantes CA, Davitoiu DV, De Leo D, Degenhardt L, DeLang M, Dellavalle RP, Demeke FM, Demoz GT, Demsie DG, Denova-Guti\u00e9rrez E, Dervenis N, Dhungana GP, Dianatinasab M, Dias da Silva D, Diaz D, Dibaji Forooshani ZS, Djalalinia S, Do HT, Dokova K, Dorostkar F,Doshmangir L, Driscoll TR, Duncan BB, Duraes AR, Eagan AW, Edvardsson D, El Nahas N, El Sayed I, El Tantawi M, Elbarazi I, Elgendy IY, El-Jaafary SI, Elyazar IRF, Emmons-Bell S, Erskine HE, Eskandarieh S, Esmaeilnejad S, Esteghamati A, Estep K, Etemadi A, Etisso AE, Fanzo J, Farahmand M, Fareed M, Faridnia R, Farioli A, Faro A, Faruque M, Farzadfar F, Fattahi N, Fazlzadeh M, Feigin VL, Feldman R, Fereshtehnejad S-M, Fernandes E,Ferrara G, Ferrari AJ, Ferreira ML, Filip I, Fischer F, Fisher JL, Flor LS, Foigt NA, Folayan MO, Fomenkov AA, Force LM, Foroutan M, Franklin RC, Freitas M, Fu W, Fukumoto T, Furtado JM, Gad MM, Gakidou E, Gallus S, Garcia-Basteiro AL, Gardner WM, Geberemariyam BS, Gebreslassie AAAA, Geremew A, Gershberg Hayoon A, Gething PW, Ghadimi M, Ghadiri K, Ghaffarifar F, Ghafourifard M, Ghamari F, Ghashghaee A, Ghiasvand H, Ghith N, Gholamian A, Ghosh R, Gill PS, Ginindza TGG, Giussani G, Gnedovskaya EV, Goharinezhad S, Gopalani SV, Gorini G, Goudarzi H, Goulart AC, Greaves F, Grivna M, Grosso G, Gubari MIM, Gugnani HC, Guimar\u00e3es RA, Guled RA, Guo G, Guo Y, Gupta R, Gupta T, Haddock B, Hafezi-Nejad N, Hafiz A, Haj-Mirzaian A, Haj-Mirzaian A, Hall BJ, Halvaei I, Hamadeh RR, Hamidi S, Hammer MS, Hankey GJ, Haririan H, Haro JM, Hasaballah AI, Hasan MM, Hasanpoor E,Hashi A, Hassanipour S, Hassankhani H, Havmoeller RJ, Hay SI, Hayat K, Heidari G,Heidari-Soureshjani R, Henrikson HJ, Herbert ME, Herteliu C, Heydarpour F, Hird TR,Hoek HW, Holla R, Hoogar P, Hosgood HD, Hossain N, Hosseini M, Hosseinzadeh M, Hostiuc M, Hostiuc S, Househ M, Hsairi M, Hsieh VC-r, Hu G, Hu K, Huda TM, Humayun A, Huynh CK, Hwang B-F, Iannucci VC, Ibitoye SE, Ikeda N, Ikuta KS, Ilesanmi OS, Ilic IM, Ilic MD, Inbaraj LR, Ippolito H, Iqbal U, Irvani SSN, Irvine CMS, Islam MM, Islam SMS,Iso H, Ivers RQ, Iwu CCD, Iwu CJ, Iyamu IO, Jaafari J, Jacobsen KH, Jafari H, Jafarinia M, Jahani MA, Jakovljevic M, Jalilian F, James SL, Janjani H, Javaheri T, Javidnia J, Jeemon P, Jenabi E, Jha RP, Jha V, Ji JS, Johansson L, John O, John-Akinola YO,Johnson CO, Jonas JB, Joukar F, Jozwiak JJ, J\u00fcrisson M, Kabir A, Kabir Z, Kalani H,Kalani R, Kalankesh LR, Kalhor R, Kanchan T, Kapoor N, Karami Matin B, Karch A, Karim MA, Kassa GM, Katikireddi SV, Kayode GA, Kazemi Karyani A, Keiyoro PN, Keller C, Kemmer L, Kendrick PJ, Khalid N, Khammarnia M, Khan EA, Khan M, Khatab K, Khater MM, Khatib MN, Khayamzadeh M, Khazaei S, Kieling C, Kim YJ, Kimokoti RW, Kisa A, Kisa S, Kivim\u00e4ki M, Knibbs LD, Knudsen AKS, Kocarnik JM, Kochhar S, Kopec JA, Korshunov VA, Koul PA,Koyanagi A, Kraemer MUG, Krishan K, Krohn KJ, Kromhout H, Kuate Defo B, Kumar GA,Kumar V, Kurmi OP, Kusuma D, La Vecchia C, Lacey B, Lal DK, Lalloo R, Lallukka T,Lami FH, Landires I, Lang JJ, Langan SM, Larsson AO, Lasrado S, Lauriola P, Lazarus JV, Lee PH, Lee SWH, LeGrand KE, Leigh J, Leonardi M, Lescinsky H, Leung J, Levi M,Li S, Lim L-L, Linn S, Liu S, Liu S, Liu Y, Lo J, Lopez AD, Lopez JCF, Lopukhov PD,Lorkowski S, Lotufo PA, Lu A, Lugo A, Maddison ER, Mahasha PW, Mahdavi MM, Mahmoudi M, Majeed A, Maleki A, Maleki S, Malekzadeh R, Malta DC, Mamun AA, Manda AL, Manguerra H, Mansour-Ghanaei F, Mansouri B, Mansournia MA, Mantilla Herrera AM, Maravilla JC,Marks A, Martin RV, Martini S, Martins-Melo FR, Masaka A, Masoumi SZ, Mathur MR, Matsushita K, Maulik PK, McAlinden C, McGrath JJ, McKee M, Mehndiratta MM, Mehri F, Mehta KM,Memish ZA, Mendoza W, Menezes RG, Mengesha EW, Mereke A, Mereta ST, Meretoja A, Meretoja TJ, Mestrovic T, Miazgowski B, Miazgowski T, Michalek IM, Miller TR, Mills EJ, Mini GK, Miri M, Mirica A, Mirrakhimov EM, Mirzaei H, Mirzaei M, Mirzaei R, Mirzaei-Alavijeh M, Misganaw AT, Mithra P, Moazen B, Mohammad DK, Mohammad Y, Mohammad Gholi Mezerji N, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammadifard N, Mohammadpourhodki R, Mohammed AS, Mohammed H, Mohammed JA, Mohammed S, Mokdad AH, Molokhia M, Monasta L, Mooney MD, Moradi G,Moradi M, Moradi-Lakeh M, Moradzadeh R, Moraga P, Morawska L, Morgado-da-Costa J,Morrison SD, Mosapour A, Mosser JF, Mouodi S, Mousavi SM, Mousavi Khaneghah A, Mueller UO, Mukhopadhyay S, Mullany EC, Musa KI, Muthupandian S, Nabhan AF, Naderi M, Nagarajan AJ, Nagel G, Naghavi M, Naghshtabrizi B, Naimzada MD, Najafi F, Nangia V, Nansseu JR, Naserbakht M, Nayak VC, Negoi I, Ngunjiri JW, Nguyen CT, Nguyen HLT, Nguyen M,Nigatu YT, Nikbakhsh R, Nixon MR, Nnaji CA, Nomura S, Norrving B, Noubiap JJ, Nowak C, Nunez-Samudio V, O\u0163oiu A, Oancea B, Odell CM, Ogbo FA, Oh I-H, Okunga EW, Oladnabi M, Olagunju AT, Olusanya BO, Olusanya JO, Omer MO, Ong KL, Onwujekwe OE, Orpana HM,Ortiz A, Osarenotor O, Osei FB, Ostroff SM, Otstavnov N, Otstavnov SS, \u00d8verland S,Owolabi MO, P A M, Padubidri JR, Palladino R, Panda-Jonas S, Pandey A, Parry CDH,Pasovic M, Pasupula DK, Patel SK, Pathak M, Patten SB, Patton GC, Pazoki Toroudi H,Peden AE, Pennini A, Pepito VCF, Peprah EK, Pereira DM, Pesudovs K, Pham HQ, Phillips MR, Piccinelli C, Pilz TM, Piradov MA, Pirsaheb M, Plass D, Polinder S, Polkinghorne KR, Pond CD, Postma MJ, Pourjafar H, Pourmalek F, Pozna\u0144ska A, Prada SI, Prakash V,Pribadi DRA, Pupillo E, Quazi Syed Z, Rabiee M, Rabiee N, Radfar A, Rafiee A, Raggi A, Rahman MA, Rajabpour-Sanati A, Rajati F, Rakovac I, Ram P, Ramezanzadeh K, Ranabhat CL, Rao PC, Rao SJ, Rashedi V, Rathi P, Rawaf DL, Rawaf S, Rawal L, Rawassizadeh R,Rawat R, Razo C, Redford SB, Reiner RC, Jr., Reitsma MB, Remuzzi G, Renjith V, Renzaho AMN, Resnikoff S, Rezaei N, Rezaei N, Rezapour A, Rhinehart P-A, Riahi SM, Ribeiro DC, Ribeiro D, Rickard J, Rivera JA, Roberts NLS, Rodr\u00edguez-Ram\u00edrez S, Roever L, Ronfani L, Room R, Roshandel G, Roth GA, Rothenbacher D, Rubagotti E, Rwegerera GM, Sabour S, Sachdev PS, Saddik B, Sadeghi E, Sadeghi M, Saeedi R, Saeedi Moghaddam S, Safari Y, Safi S, Safiri S, Sagar R, Sahebkar A, Sajadi SM, Salam N, Salamati P, Salem H,Salem MRR, Salimzadeh H, Salman OM, Salomon JA, Samad Z, Samadi Kafil H, Sambala EZ,Samy AM, Sanabria J, S\u00e1nchez-Pimienta TG, Santomauro DF, Santos IS, Santos JV, Santric-Milicevic MM, Saraswathy SYI, Sarmiento-Su\u00e1rez R, Sarrafzadegan N, Sartorius B, Sarveazad A,Sathian B, Sathish T, Sattin D, Saxena S, Schaeffer LE, Schiavolin S, Schlaich MP,Schmidt MI, Schutte AE, Schwebel DC, Schwendicke F, Senbeta AM, Senthilkumaran S,Sepanlou SG, Serdar B, Serre ML, Shadid J, Shafaat O, Shahabi S, Shaheen AA, Shaikh MA, Shalash AS, Shams-Beyranvand M, Shamsizadeh M, Sharafi K, Sheikh A, Sheikhtaheri A, Shibuya K, Shield KD, Shigematsu M, Shin JI, Shin M-J, Shiri R, Shirkoohi R, Shuval K, Siabani S, Sierpinski R, Sigfusdottir ID, Sigurvinsdottir R, Silva JP, Simpson KE, Singh JA, Singh P, Skiadaresi E, Skou ST, Skryabin VY, Smith EUR, Soheili A, Soltani S, Soofi M, Sorensen RJD, Soriano JB, Sorrie MB, Soshnikov S, Soyiri IN, Spencer CN,Spotin A, Sreeramareddy CT, Srinivasan V, Stanaway JD, Stein C, Stein DJ, Steiner C, Stockfelt L, Stokes MA, Straif K, Stubbs JL, Sufiyan MaB, Suleria HAR, Suliankatchi Abdulkader R, Sulo G, Sultan I, Szumowski \u0141, Tabar\u00e9s-Seisdedos R, Tabb KM, Tabuchi T, Taherkhani A, Tajdini M, Takahashi K, Takala JS, Tamiru AT, Taveira N, Tehrani-Banihashemi A, Temsah M-H, Tesema GA, Tessema ZT, Thurston GD, Titova MV, Tohidinik HR, Tonelli M, Topor-Madry R, Topouzis F, Torre AE, Touvier M, Tovani-Palone MRR, Tran BX, Travillian R, Tsatsakis A, Tudor Car L, Tyrovolas S, Uddin R, Umeokonkwo CD, Unnikrishnan B,Upadhyay E, Vacante M, Valdez PR, van Donkelaar A, Vasankari TJ, Vasseghian Y, Veisani Y, Venketasubramanian N, Violante FS, Vlassov V, Vollset SE, Vos T, Vukovic R, Waheed Y, Wallin MT, Wang Y, Wang Y-P, Watson A, Wei J, Wei MYW, Weintraub RG, Weiss J, Werdecker A, West JJ, Westerman R, Whisnant JL, Whiteford HA, Wiens KE, Wolfe CDA, Wozniak SS,Wu A-M, Wu J, Wulf Hanson S, Xu G, Xu R, Yadgir S, Yahyazadeh Jabbari SH, Yamagishi K, Yaminfirooz M, Yano Y, Yaya S, Yazdi-Feyzabadi V, Yeheyis TY, Yilgwan CS, Yilma MT, Yip P, Yonemoto N, Younis MZ, Younker TP, Yousefi B, Yousefi Z, Yousefinezhadi T, Yousuf AY, Yu C, Yusefzadeh H, Zahirian Moghadam T, Zamani M, Zamanian M, Zandian H, Zastrozhin MS, Zhang Y, Zhang Z-J, Zhao JT, Zhao X-JG, Zhao Y, Zhou M, Ziapour A, Zimsen SRM, Brauer M, Afshin A, Lim SS (2020) Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990\u20132019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet (London, England) 396(10258):1223\u20131249. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30752-2","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30752-2"},{"issue":"5","key":"6006_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1080\/03009742.2017.1405461","volume":"47","author":"AA Kiadaliri","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kiadaliri AA, Uhlig T, Englund M (2018) Burden of gout in the nordic region, 1990\u20132015: findings from the global burden of disease study 2015. Scand J Rheumatol 47(5):410\u2013417. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/03009742.2017.1405461","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"11","key":"6006_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2015.91","volume":"11","author":"CF Kuo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kuo CF, Grainge MJ, Zhang W, Doherty M (2015) Global epidemiology of gout: prevalence, incidence and risk factors. Nat Rev Rheumatol 11(11):649\u2013662. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrrheum.2015.91","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"issue":"9","key":"6006_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1097\/01.JAA.0000453233.24754.ec","volume":"27","author":"E Rymal","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rymal E, Rizzolo D (2014) Gout: a comprehensive review. JAAPA 27(9):26\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.JAA.0000453233.24754.ec","journal-title":"JAAPA"},{"issue":"3","key":"6006_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(87)90441-4","volume":"82","author":"EW Campion","year":"1987","unstructured":"Campion EW, Glynn RJ, DeLabry LO (1987) Asymptomatic hyperuricemia. Risks and consequences in the normative aging study. Am J Med 82(3):421\u2013426. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0002-9343(87)90441-4","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"6006_CR29","first-page":"1501","volume":"27","author":"K-C Lin","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lin K-C, Lin H, Chou P (2000) The interaction between uric acid level and other risk factors on the development of gout among asymptomatic hyperuricemic men in a prospective study. J Rhuematol 27(6):1501\u20131505","journal-title":"J Rhuematol"},{"issue":"4","key":"6006_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-014-2520-7","volume":"33","author":"H Duskin-Bitan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Duskin-Bitan H, Cohen E, Goldberg E, Shochat T, Levi A, Garty M, Krause I (2014) The degree of asymptomatic hyperuricemia and the risk of gout. A retrospective analysis of a large cohort. Clin Rheumatol 33(4):549\u2013553. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10067-014-2520-7","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6006_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-016-1211-y","volume":"19","author":"M Dehlin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dehlin M, Ekstrom EH, Petzold M, Stromberg U, Telg G, Jacobsson LT (2017) Factors associated with initiation and persistence of urate-lowering therapy. Arthritis Res Ther 19(1):6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13075-016-1211-y","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"6006_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27338","volume":"62","author":"V Bhole","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bhole V, de Vera M, Rahman MM, Krishnan E, Choi H (2010) Epidemiology of gout in women: Fifty-two-year followup of a prospective cohort. Arthritis Rheum 62(4):1069\u20131076. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.27338","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"4","key":"6006_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.151.4.726","volume":"151","author":"JG Puig","year":"1991","unstructured":"Puig JG, Michan AD, Jimenez ML, Perez de Ayala C, Mateos FA, Capitan CF, de Miguel E, Gijon JB (1991) Female gout. Clinical spectrum and uric acid metabolism. Arch Intern Med 151(4):726\u2013732. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archinte.151.4.726","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"6006_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204463","volume":"74","author":"CF Kuo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kuo CF, Grainge MJ, Mallen C, Zhang W, Doherty M (2015) Rising burden of gout in the UK but continuing suboptimal management: a nationwide population study. Ann Rheum Dis 74(4):661\u2013667. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204463","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"6006_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa035700","volume":"350","author":"HK Choi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Choi HK, Atkinson K, Karlson EW, Willett W, Curhan G (2004) Purine-rich foods, dairy and protein intake, and the risk of gout in men. N Engl J Med 350(11):1093\u20131103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa035700","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"6006_CR36","unstructured":"Luk AJ, Simkin PA (2005) Epidemiology of hyperuricemia and gout. Am J Manag Care 11(15 Suppl):S435-442 (quiz S465-438)"},{"issue":"1","key":"6006_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22466","volume":"57","author":"HK Choi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Choi HK, Ford ES, Li C, Curhan G (2007) Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in patients with gout: the third National health and nutrition examination survey. Arthritis Rheum 57(1):109\u2013115. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.22466","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"11","key":"6006_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1786","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41453","volume":"72","author":"A Danve","year":"2020","unstructured":"Danve A, Neogi T (2020) Rising global burden of gout: time to act. Arthritis Rheumatol 72(11):1786\u20131788. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.41453","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"6006_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Maynard JW, McAdams DeMarco MA, Baer AN, Kottgen A, Folsom AR, Coresh J, Gelber AC (2012) Incident gout in women and association with obesity in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Am J Med 125(7):717 e719-717 e717. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjmed.2011.11.018","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2011.11.018"},{"issue":"3","key":"6006_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1185\/030079906X167651","volume":"23","author":"S Novak","year":"2007","unstructured":"Novak S, Melkonian AK, Patel PA, Kleinman NL, Joseph-Ridge N, Brook RA (2007) Metabolic syndrome-related conditions among people with and without gout: prevalence and resource use. Curr Med Res Opin 23(3):623\u2013630. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1185\/030079906X167651","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"issue":"3","key":"6006_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487313514895","volume":"22","author":"LE Clarson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Clarson LE, Chandratre P, Hider SL, Belcher J, Heneghan C, Roddy E, Mallen CD (2015) Increased cardiovascular mortality associated with gout: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol 22(3):335\u2013343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2047487313514895","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"6006_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.24180","volume":"72","author":"JD FitzGerald","year":"2020","unstructured":"FitzGerald JD, Dalbeth N, Mikuls T, Brignardello-Petersen R, Guyatt G, Abeles AM, Gelber AC, Harrold LR, Khanna D, King C, Levy G, Libbey C, Mount D, Pillinger MH, Rosenthal A, Singh JA, Sims JE, Smith BJ, Wenger NS, Bae SS, Danve A, Khanna PP, Kim SC, Lenert A, Poon S, Qasim A, Sehra ST, Sharma TSK, Toprover M, Turgunbaev M, Zeng L, Zhang MA, Turner AS, Neogi T (2020) 2020 American college of rheumatology guideline for the management of gout. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 72(6):744\u2013760. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acr.24180","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"issue":"2","key":"6006_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3272","volume":"13","author":"L Cea Soriano","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cea Soriano L, Rothenbacher D, Choi HK, Garc\u00eda Rodr\u00edguez LA (2011) Contemporary epidemiology of gout in the UK general population. Arthritis Res Therapy 13(2):1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/ar3272","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Therapy"},{"issue":"7","key":"6006_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.165.7.742","volume":"165","author":"HK Choi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Choi HK, Atkinson K, Karlson EW, Curhan G (2005) Obesity, weight change, hypertension, diuretic use, and risk of gout in men: the health professionals follow-up study. Arch Intern Med 165(7):742\u2013748. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archinte.165.7.742","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"6006_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.2014","volume":"303","author":"KM Flegal","year":"2010","unstructured":"Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Ogden CL, Curtin LR (2010) Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults, 1999\u20132008. JAMA 303(3):235\u2013241. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2009.2014","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"6006_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bikbov B, Purcell CA, Levey AS, Smith M, Abdoli A, Abebe M, Adebayo OM, Afarideh M, Agarwal SK, Agudelo-Botero M, Ahmadian E, Al-Aly Z, Alipour V, Almasi-Hashiani A, Al-Raddadi RM, Alvis-Guzman N, Amini S, Andrei T, Andrei CL, Andualem Z, Anjomshoa M, Arabloo J, Ashagre AF, Asmelash D, Ataro Z, Atout MMW, Ayanore MA, Badawi A, Bakhtiari A, Ballew SH, Balouchi A, Banach M, Barquera S, Basu S, Bayih MT, Bedi N, Bello AK, Bensenor IM, Bijani A, Boloor A, Borz\u00ec AM, C\u00e1mera LA, Carrero JJ, Carvalho F, Castro F, Catal\u00e1-L\u00f3pez F, Chang AR, Chin KL, Chung S-C, Cirillo M, Cousin E, Dandona L, Dandona R, Daryani A, Das Gupta R, Demeke FM, Demoz GT, Desta DM, Do HP, Duncan BB, Eftekhari A, Esteghamati A, Fatima SS, Fernandes JC, Fernandes E, Fischer F, Freitas M, Gad MM, Gebremeskel GG, Gebresillassie BM, Geta B, Ghafourifard M, Ghajar A, Ghith N, Gill PS, Ginawi IA, Gupta R, Hafezi-Nejad N, Haj-Mirzaian A, Haj-Mirzaian A, Hariyani N, Hasan M, Hasankhani M, Hasanzadeh A, Hassen HY, Hay SI, Heidari B, Herteliu C, Hoang CL, Hosseini M, Hostiuc M, Irvani SSN, Islam SMS, Jafari Balalami N, James SL, Jassal SK, Jha V, Jonas JB, Joukar F, Jozwiak JJ, Kabir A, Kahsay A, Kasaeian A, Kassa TD, Kassaye HG, Khader YS, Khalilov R, Khan EA, Khan MS, Khang Y-H, Kisa A, Kovesdy CP, Kuate Defo B, Kumar GA, Larsson AO, Lim L-L, Lopez AD, Lotufo PA, Majeed A, Malekzadeh R, M\u00e4rz W, Masaka A, Meheretu HAA, Miazgowski T, Mirica A, Mirrakhimov EM, Mithra P, Moazen B, Mohammad DK, Mohammadpourhodki R, Mohammed S, Mokdad AH, Morales L, Moreno Velasquez I, Mousavi SM, Mukhopadhyay S, Nachega JB, Nadkarni GN, Nansseu JR, Natarajan G, Nazari J, Neal B, Negoi RI, Nguyen CT, Nikbakhsh R, Noubiap JJ, Nowak C, Olagunju AT, Ortiz A, Owolabi MO, Palladino R, Pathak M, Poustchi H, Prakash S, Prasad N, Rafiei A, Raju SB, Ramezanzadeh K, Rawaf S, Rawaf DL, Rawal L, Reiner RC Jr., Rezapour A, Ribeiro DC, Roever L, Rothenbacher D, Rwegerera GM, Saadatagah S, Safari S, Sahle BW, Salem H, Sanabria J, Santos IS, Sarveazad A, Sawhney M, Schaeffner E, Schmidt MI, Schutte AE, Sepanlou SG, Shaikh MA, Sharafi Z, Sharif M, Sharifi A, Silva DAS, Singh JA, Singh NP, Sisay MMM, Soheili A, Sutradhar I, Teklehaimanot BF, Be T, Teshome GF, Thakur JS, Tonelli M, Tran KB, Tran BX, Tran Ngoc C, Ullah I, Valdez PR, Varughese S, Vos T, Vu LG, Waheed Y, Werdecker A, Wolde HF, Wondmieneh AB, Wulf Hanson S, Yamada T, Yeshaw Y, Yonemoto N, Yusefzadeh H, Zaidi Z, Zaki L, Zaman SB, Zamora N, Zarghi A, Zewdie KA, \u00c4rnl\u00f6v J, Coresh J, Perico N, Remuzzi G, Murray CJL, Vos T (2020) Global, regional, and national burden of chronic kidney disease, 1990\u20132017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet (London, England) 395(10225):709\u2013733. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30045-3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30045-3"}],"container-title":["Rheumatology International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00296-025-06006-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00296-025-06006-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00296-025-06006-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T05:12:49Z","timestamp":1763615569000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00296-025-06006-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["6006"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00296-025-06006-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1437-160X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1437-160X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 September 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 October 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The ethical committee of the Tehran University of Medical Sciences\u2019 endocrinology and metabolism research institute authorized this study (IR.TUMS.EMRI.REC.1400.021).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are available on the GBD Study 2019 and the \u201cGBD Compare\u201d web pages. Therefore, the Ethical Committee of EMRI waived the need for human consent.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}],"article-number":"250"}}