{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:19:25Z","timestamp":1786979965561,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772150400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772150400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005760","name":"University of Gothenburg","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005760","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rheumatol Int"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    A challenge in diagnosing and monitoring radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA) is the absence of reliable biomarkers. This cross-sectional pilot study aimed to evaluate platelet- and neutrophil-derived substances as potential biomarkers in r-axSpA, given the involvement of these cells in disease pathology. Serum and plasma were collected from 13 male, HLA-B27-positive r-axSpA patients without disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs and 13 age- and sex-matched blood donor controls. Concentrations of platelet-derived soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) and soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) and neutrophil-derived human neutrophil lipocalin (HNL), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and galectin-3 were measured using ELISA. Associations between these markers and clinical parameters, including C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were assessed by Spearman\u2019s rank correlation. Group differences were analysed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Median concentrations of serum sCD40L (4.2 vs. 2.7 ng\/mL;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.001), plasma HNL (23.7 vs. 18.6\u00a0mg\/L;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.040), serum HNL (74.7 vs. 52.3\u00a0mg\/L;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.013), and plasma MPO (56.6 vs. 37.3\u00a0mg\/L;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.027) were significantly higher in r-axSpA patients compared with controls. Plasma HNL correlated positively with CRP and ESR, but not with other clinical parameters. In both patients and controls, serum concentrations of sCD40L, sP-selectin, HNL, and MPO were significantly higher than their plasma counterparts, highlighting differences related to sample processing. Serum sCD40L, serum and plasma HNL, and plasma MPO were elevated in r-axSpA patients compared with controls. These findings warrant validation in larger cohorts to clarify the role of sCD40L, HNL and MPO across a heterogeneous group of patients with early and established r-axSpA.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-026-06090-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T11:17:38Z","timestamp":1772191058000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Increased blood levels of neutrophil- and platelet-derived markers in patients with radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: a pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8786-894X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neele K.","family":"Levin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1988-9247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonas","family":"M\u00e5rtensson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5652-3263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lena","family":"Bj\u00f6rkman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5863-790X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Per","family":"Venge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6858-6413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"Klingberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6423-1623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Deminger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6478-5204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma C.","family":"Josefsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8781-284X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huamei","family":"Forsman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0859-0792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Sundqvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7871-5303","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helena","family":"Forsblad-d\u2019Elia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"6090_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.3109\/00365521.2011.648953","volume":"47","author":"E Klingberg","year":"2012","unstructured":"Klingberg E, Carlsten H, Hilme E, Hedberg M, Forsblad-d\u2019Elia H (2012) Calprotectin in ankylosing spondylitis\u2013frequently elevated in feces, but normal in serum. 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The other authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The present study was reviewed and approved by the Regional Ethics Committee in Gothenburg (Dnr. 597-08), and it was conducted in accordance with the ethical guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients and controls included in the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Not commissioned, externally peer reviewed.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Provenance and peer review"}}],"article-number":"55"}}