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We expressed SD1 in rice seeds as a potential large-scale production platform and confirmed that rice-derived SD1 binds the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 in vitro. We analyzed the thermodynamic properties of SD1 compared to full-size SVN (produced in <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>) by isothermal titration and differential scanning calorimetry to characterize the specific interactions between SVN\/SD1 and gp120 as well as to high-mannose oligosaccharides. SVN bound with moderate affinity (K<jats:sub>d<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20091.5\u00a0\u00b5M) to recombinant gp120, with 2.5-fold weaker affinity to nonamannoside (K<jats:sub>d<\/jats:sub> of 3.9\u00a0\u00b5M), and with tenfold weaker affinity to tetramannoside (13.8\u00a0\u00b5M). The melting temperature (T<jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>) of full-size SVN was 59.1\u00a0\u00b0C and the enthalpy of unfolding (\u0394H<jats:sub>unf<\/jats:sub>) was 16.4\u00a0kcal\/mol, but the T<jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub> fell when SVN bound to nonamannoside (56.5\u00a0\u00b0C) and twice as much energy was required for unfolding (\u0394H<jats:sub>unf<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u200933.5\u00a0kcal\/mol). Interestingly, binding to tetramannoside destabilized the structure of SD1 (\u0394T<jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>\u2009~\u200911.5\u00a0\u00b0C) and doubled the enthalpy of unfolding, suggesting a dimerization event. The similar melting phenomenon shared by SVN and SD1 in the presence of oligomannose confirmed their conserved oligosaccharide-binding mechanisms. SD1 expressed in transgenic rice was able to neutralize HIV-1 in vitro. SD1 expressed in rice, therefore, is suitable as a microbicide component.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00299-022-02834-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]],"date-time":"2022-02-18T04:36:10Z","timestamp":1645158970000},"page":"1013-1023","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Physicochemical characterization of the recombinant lectin scytovirin and microbicidal activity of the SD1 domain produced in rice against HIV-1"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8756-3396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victoria","family":"Armario-Najera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amaya","family":"Blanco-Perera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shilpa R.","family":"Shenoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Marfil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jordana","family":"Mu\u00f1oz-Basagoiti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Perez-Zsolt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juli\u00e0","family":"Blanco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nuria","family":"Izquierdo-Useros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Capell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barry R.","family":"O\u2019Keefe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Christou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2834_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2004.04.010","volume":"11","author":"EW Adams","year":"2004","unstructured":"Adams EW, Ratner DM, Bokesch HR, McMahon JB, O\u2019Keefe BR, Seeberger PH (2004) Oligosaccharide and glycoprotein microarrays as tools in HIV glycobiology: glycan-dependent gp120\/protein interactions. 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