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The MGU facilitates the transport and delivery of immotile sperm cells via the elongating pollen tube to the FGU\/embryo sac, which is deeply embedded within the ovule and the ovary. Through applying various bioimaging techniques at both electron and light microscopy levels, we examine the structure and the function of these units in the model plant <jats:italic>Arabidopsis thaliana<\/jats:italic>, with a particular focus on potential structural pathways for communication. In the MGU, this communication is facilitated by a cytoplasmic projection that connects the sperm cells to the lobed vegetative nucleus. In the FGU, the extracellular matrix adjacent to the egg cell, central cell, and synergids plays a similar role. We discuss our findings in the context of previous studies on <jats:italic>Hyacinthus orientalis<\/jats:italic>, where, in contrast to <jats:italic>Arabidopsis<\/jats:italic>\u2014which possesses a tricellular pollen structure\u2014sperm cells are formed within the growing pollen tube.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00299-025-03441-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]],"date-time":"2025-02-14T17:10:49Z","timestamp":1739553049000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Bioimaging insights into structural pathways of cell-to-cell communication within the male (MGU) and female (FGU) germ units of Arabidopsis thaliana"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Wiktoria","family":"Parzych","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamila","family":"Godel-J\u0119drychowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"\u015awidzi\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janusz","family":"Niedojad\u0142o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ewa","family":"Kurczy\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0104-0058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Niedojad\u0142o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"35","key":"3441_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4211(84)90157-3","volume":"16","author":"D Bashe","year":"1984","unstructured":"Bashe D, Mascarenhas JP (1984) Changes in potassium ion concentrations during pollen dehydration and germination in relation to protein synthesis. 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