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The core objective of the present work was to elucidate how light conditions during cold acclimation affect subsequent salt stress responses by co-regulating various processes among organs maize (\n                      <jats:italic>Zea mays<\/jats:italic>\n                      L.). Plants were cold-acclimated under sufficient light or shade and subsequently exposed to severe cold or salinity. Organ-specific analyses of leaves, stems, and roots combined chlorophyll fluorescence measurements with targeted and untargeted metabolomics, hormone and polyamine profiling, and stress-related gene expression were studied. Cold acclimation under sufficient light established organ-specific metabolic and transcriptional reprogramming that substantially altered subsequent salt stress responses. Light-acclimated plants showed coordinated, pathway-level metabolic adjustments across organs and distinct regulation of key stress-responsive genes, particularly in leaves and roots. Analyses indicated systemic, rather than isolated, metabolic rearrangements. These findings demonstrate that cold acclimation, depending on light intensity, establishes an organ-coordinated acclimated state that modulates subsequent salinity responses, highlighting the importance of environmental history and inter-organ regulation in stress adaptation. This study is the first to systematically reveal the organ-specific and systemic regulatory network underlying the light\u2013temperature\u2013salt interaction in maize.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00299-026-04008-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T06:27:59Z","timestamp":1791181679000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Light-defined cold acclimation reprograms organ-specific metabolic and transcriptional landscapes for salt stress responses in maize"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Kinga","family":"Bencz\u00far","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Gholizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magda","family":"P\u00e1l","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8249-6585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tibor","family":"Janda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamir\u00e1n \u00c1ron","family":"Hamow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mih\u00e1ly","family":"Dernovics","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katalin","family":"Nagy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imre","family":"Majl\u00e1th","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Darko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nhan","family":"Van Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriella","family":"Szalai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"4008_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1515\/znc-2006-9-1021","volume":"61","author":"S Apostol","year":"2006","unstructured":"Apostol S, Szalai G, Sujbert L, Popova LP, Janda T (2006) Non-invasive monitoring of the light-induced cyclic photosynthetic electron flow during cold hardening in wheat leaves. 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