{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T15:10:40Z","timestamp":1779289840555,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,17]],"date-time":"2018-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1537142400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-018-5716-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,17]],"date-time":"2018-09-17T09:41:49Z","timestamp":1537177309000},"page":"1267-1275","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Combining non-contrast and dual-energy CT improves diagnosis of early gout"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Seul Ki","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joon-Yong","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Won-Hee","family":"Jee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer Jooha","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sung-Hwan","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"5716_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Girish G, Melville DM, Kaeley GS et al (2013) Imaging appearances in gout. Arthritis. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2013\/673401","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/673401"},{"key":"5716_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27356","volume":"62","author":"N Dalbeth","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dalbeth N, Pool B, Gamble GD et al (2010) Cellular characterization of the gouty tophus: a quantitative analysis. Arthritis Rheum 62:1549\u20131556","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"5716_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-8389(03)00158-1","volume":"42","author":"JU Monu","year":"2004","unstructured":"Monu JU, Pope TL Jr (2004) Gout: a clinical and radiologic review. Radiol Clin North Am 42:169\u2013184","journal-title":"Radiol Clin North Am"},{"key":"5716_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2009.236","volume":"6","author":"R Terkeltaub","year":"2010","unstructured":"Terkeltaub R (2010) Update on gout: new therapeutic strategies and options. Nat Rev Rheumatol 6:30\u201338","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"5716_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1517\/14656560902950742","volume":"10","author":"N Schlesinger","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schlesinger N, Dalbeth N, Perez-Ruiz F (2009) Gout--what are the treatment options? Expert Opin Pharmacother 10:1319\u20131328","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"},{"key":"5716_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.099713","volume":"68","author":"HK Choi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Choi HK, Al-Arfaj AM, Eftekhari A et al (2009) Dual energy computed tomography in tophaceous gout. Ann Rheum Dis 68:1609\u20131612","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"5716_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.11102485","volume":"261","author":"KN Glazebrook","year":"2011","unstructured":"Glazebrook KN, Guimar\u00e3es LS, Murthy NS et al (2011) Identification of intraarticular and periarticular uric acid crystals with dual-energy CT: initial evaluation. Radiology 261:516\u2013524","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"5716_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1466","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2011-200976","volume":"71","author":"HK Choi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Choi HK, Burns LC, Shojania K et al (2012) Dual energy CT in gout: a prospective validation study. Ann Rheum Dis 71:1466\u20131471","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"5716_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2557","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39254","volume":"67","author":"T Neogi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Neogi T, Jansen TL, Dalbeth N et al (2015) 2015 Gout Classification Criteria: an American College of Rheumatology\/European League Against Rheumatism collaborative initiative. Arthritis Rheumatol 67:2557\u20132568","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"5716_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Baer AN, Kurano T, Thakur UJ et al (2016) Dual-energy computed tomography has limited sensitivity for non-tophaceous gout: a comparison study with tophaceous gout. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-016-0943-9","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-016-0943-9"},{"key":"5716_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-205095","volume":"74","author":"T Bongartz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bongartz T, Glazebrook KN, Kavros SJ et al (2015) Dual-energy CT for the diagnosis of gout: an accuracy and diagnostic yield study. Ann Rheum Dis 74:1072\u20131077","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"5716_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-206397","volume":"74","author":"N Dalbeth","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dalbeth N, House ME, Aati O et al (2015) Urate crystal deposition in asymptomatic hyperuricaemia and symptomatic gout: a dual energy CT study. Ann Rheum Dis 74:908\u2013911","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"5716_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jia E, Zhu J, Huang W, Chen X, Li J (2017) Dual-energy computed tomography has limited diagnostic sensitivity for short-term gout. Clin Rheumatol. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10067-017-3753-z","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-017-3753-z"},{"key":"5716_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3989","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-016-4237-2","volume":"26","author":"T Finkenstaedt","year":"2016","unstructured":"Finkenstaedt T, Manoliou A, Toniolo M et al (2016) Gouty arthritis: the diagnostic and therapeutic impact of dual-energy CT. Eur Radiol 26:3989\u20133999","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"5716_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000078","volume":"49","author":"T Werncke","year":"2014","unstructured":"Werncke T, Meyer BC, Wacker FK, von Falck C (2014) Virtual single-source computed tomography using dual-source acquisition: a new technique for the dose-neutral intraindividual comparison of different scan protocols. Invest Radiol 49:742\u2013748","journal-title":"Invest Radiol"},{"key":"5716_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22585","volume":"67","author":"WJ Taylor","year":"2015","unstructured":"Taylor WJ, Fransen J, Jansen TL et al (2015) Study for updated gout classification criteria: identification of features to classify gout. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 67:1304\u20131315","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"key":"5716_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1097\/RHU.0b013e318253aa5e","volume":"18","author":"KN Glazebrook","year":"2012","unstructured":"Glazebrook KN, Kakar S, Ida CM, Laurini JA, Moder KG, Leng S (2012) False-negative dual-energy computed tomography in a patient with acute gout. J Clin Rheumatol 18:138\u2013141","journal-title":"J Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"5716_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2013.11.002","volume":"43","author":"R Melzer","year":"2014","unstructured":"Melzer R, Pauli C, Treumann T, Krauss B (2014) Gout tophus detection-a comparison of dual-energy CT (DECT) and histology. Semin Arthritis Rheum 43:662\u2013665","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"5716_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000099","volume":"50","author":"T Diekhoff","year":"2015","unstructured":"Diekhoff T, Kiefer T, Stroux A et al (2015) Detection and characterization of crystal suspensions using single-source dual-energy computed tomography: a phantom model of crystal arthropathies. Invest Radiol 50:255\u2013260","journal-title":"Invest Radiol"},{"key":"5716_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-203487","volume":"73","author":"E Naredo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Naredo E, Uson J, Jim\u00e9nez-Palop M et al (2014) Ultrasound-detected musculoskeletal urate crystal deposition: which joints and what findings should be assessed for diagnosing gout? Ann Rheum Dis 73:1522\u20131528","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"5716_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang Q, Guo LH, Li XL et al (2018) Differentiating the acute phase of gout from the intercritical phase with ultrasound and quantitative shear wave elastography. Eur Radiol. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-018-5529-5","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-018-5529-5"},{"key":"5716_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.7863\/ultra.16.03046","volume":"36","author":"L Zhu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhu L, Zheng S, Wang W, Zhou Q, Wu H (2017) Combining hyperechoic aggregates and the double-contour sign increases the sensitivity of sonography for detection of monosodium urate deposits in gout. J Ultrasound Med 36:935\u2013940","journal-title":"J Ultrasound Med"},{"key":"5716_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Klauser AS, Halpern EJ, Strobl S et al (2018) Gout of hand and wrist: the value of US as compared with DECT. Eur Radiol. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-018-5363-9","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-018-5363-9"},{"key":"5716_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2575","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1511117","volume":"374","author":"AK Rosenthal","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rosenthal AK, Ryan LM (2016) Calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease. N Engl J Med 374:2575\u20132584","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"5716_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-014-2606-2","volume":"33","author":"H Wu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wu H, Xue J, Ye L, Zhou Q, Shi D, Xu R (2014) The application of dual-energy computed tomography in the diagnosis of acute gouty arthritis. Clin Rheumatol 33:975\u2013979","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"5716_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.12194","volume":"18","author":"Y Sun","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sun Y, Ma L, Zhou Y et al (2015) Features of urate deposition in patients with gouty arthritis of the foot using dual-energy computed tomography. Int J Rheum Dis 18:560\u2013567","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis"},{"key":"5716_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2014.12.015","volume":"39","author":"HJ Hu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hu HJ, Liao MY, Xu LY (2015) Clinical utility of dual-energy CT for gout diagnosis. Clin Imaging 39:880\u2013885","journal-title":"Clin Imaging"},{"key":"5716_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780200320","volume":"20","author":"SL Wallace","year":"1977","unstructured":"Wallace SL, Robinson H, Masi AT, Decker JL, McCarty DJ, Y\u00fc TF (1977) Preliminary criteria for the classification of the acute arthritis of primary gout. Arthritis Rheum 20:895\u2013900","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"5716_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6371","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3658568","volume":"38","author":"L Yu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yu L, Christner JA, Leng S, Wang J, Fletcher JG, McCollough CH (2011) Virtual monochromatic imaging in dual-source dual-energy CT: radiation dose and image quality. Med Phys 38:6371\u20136379","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"5716_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3077921","volume":"36","author":"L Yu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yu L, Primak AN, Liu X, McCollough CH (2009) Image quality optimization and evaluation of linearly mixed images in dual-source, dual-energy CT. Med Phys 36:1019\u20131024","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"key":"5716_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.13.12229","volume":"203","author":"A Mileto","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mileto A, Nelson RC, Samei E et al (2014) Dual-energy MDCT in hypervascular liver tumors: effect of body size on selection of the optimal monochromatic energy level. AJR Am J Roentgenol 203:1257\u20131264","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"5716_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000060","volume":"49","author":"KL Grant","year":"2014","unstructured":"Grant KL, Flohr TG, Krauss B, Sedlmair M, Thomas C, Schmidt B (2014) Assessment of an advanced image-based technique to calculate virtual monoenergetic computed tomographic images from a dual-energy examination to improve contrast-to-noise ratio in examinations using iodinated contrast media. Invest Radiol 49:586\u2013592","journal-title":"Invest Radiol"},{"key":"5716_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21772","volume":"64","author":"D Khanna","year":"2012","unstructured":"Khanna D, Fitzgerald JD, Khanna PP et al (2012) 2012 American College of Rheumatology guidelines for management of gout. Part 1: systematic nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic therapeutic approaches to hyperuricemia. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 64:1431\u20131446","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"key":"5716_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21773","volume":"64","author":"D Khanna","year":"2012","unstructured":"Khanna D, Khanna PP, Fitzgerald JD et al (2012) 2012 American College of Rheumatology guidelines for management of gout. Part 2: therapy and antiinflammatory prophylaxis of acute gouty arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 64:1447\u20131461","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"}],"container-title":["European Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00330-018-5716-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00330-018-5716-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00330-018-5716-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,16]],"date-time":"2019-09-16T23:09:29Z","timestamp":1568675369000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00330-018-5716-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,17]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]}},"alternative-id":["5716"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-018-5716-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0938-7994","1432-1084"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0938-7994","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1084","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 May 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 July 2018","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 August 2018","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 September 2018","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The scientific guarantor of this publication is Joon-Yong Jung.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Guarantor"}},{"value":"The authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"No complex statistical methods were necessary for this paper.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Statistics and biometry"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"Institutional Review Board approval was obtained.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"\u2022 Retrospective\u2022 Diagnostic or prognostic study\u2022 Performed at one institution","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Methodology"}}]}}