{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:49:52Z","timestamp":1789433392158,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,2]],"date-time":"2020-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599004800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,2]],"date-time":"2020-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599004800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Charit\u00e9"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate which magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner designs claustrophobic patients prefer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material\/methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed questionnaires completed by 160 patients at high risk for claustrophobia directly after a scan in either a short-bore or open panoramic scanner as part of a prospective randomized trial Enders et al (BMC Med Imaging 11:4, 2011). Scanner preferences were judged based on schematic drawings of four scanners. Information on the diagnostic performance of the depicted scanners was provided, too.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A majority of patients suggested upright open (59\/160, 36.9%) and open panoramic (53\/160, 33.1%) before short-bore designs (26\/160, 16.3%, for all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) for future development. When asked about patients\u2019 preferred scanner choice for an upcoming examination, information about a better diagnostic performance of a short-bore scanner significantly improved its preference rates (from 6\/160 to 49\/160 or 3.8 to 30.5%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Patients with a claustrophobic event preferred open designs significantly more often than patients without a claustrophobic event (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.047). Patients scanned in a short-bore scanner in our trial preferred this design significantly more often (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003). Noise reduction (51\/160, 31.9%), more space over the head (44\/160, 27.5%), and overall more space (33\/160, 20.6%) were the commonest suggested areas of improvement.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients at high risk for claustrophobia visually prefer open- over short-bore MRI designs for further development. Education about a better diagnostic performance of a visually less-attractive scanner can increase its acceptance. Noise and space were of most concern for claustrophobic patients. This information can guide individual referral of claustrophobic patients to scanners and future scanner development.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key Points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>\u2022 Patients at high risk for claustrophobia visually favor the further development of open scanners as opposed to short- and closed-bore scanner designs.<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>\u2022 Educating claustrophobic patients about a higher diagnostic performance of a short-bore scanner can significantly increase their acceptance of this otherwise visually less-attractive design.<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>\u2022 A medical history of earlier claustrophobic events in a given MRI scanner type and focusing on the features \u201cmore space\u201d and \u201cnoise reduction\u201d can help to guide referral of patients who are at high risk for claustrophobia.<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-020-07060-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,2]],"date-time":"2020-09-02T06:02:59Z","timestamp":1599026579000},"page":"1325-1335","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Patient preferences for development in MRI scanner design: a survey of claustrophobic patients in a randomized study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Elisa","family":"Iwan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinhua","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Enders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriane Elisabeth","family":"Napp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Rief","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4402-2733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc","family":"Dewey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"7060_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Enders J, Zimmermann E, Rief M et al (2011) Reduction of claustrophobia during magnetic resonance imaging: methods and design of the \"CLAUSTRO\" randomized controlled trial. 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Napp.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Guarantor"}},{"value":"The authors of this manuscript declare relationships with the following companies:Prof. Dewey has received grant support from the FP7 Program of the European Commission for the randomized multicenter DISCHARGE trial (603266-2, HEALTH-2012.2.4.-2). He also received grant support from German Research Foundation (DFG) in the Heisenberg Program (DE 1361\/14-1), graduate program on quantitative biomedical imaging (BIOQIC, GRK 2260\/1), for fractal analysis of myocardial perfusion (DE 1361\/18-1), and the Priority Programme Radiomics for the investigation of coronary plaque and coronary flow (DE 1361\/19-1 (428222922) and 20-1 (428223139) in SPP 2177\/1). He also received funding from the Berlin University Alliance (GC_SC_PC 27) and from the Digital Health Accelerator of the Berlin Institute of Health. Prof. Dewey has received lecture fees from Canon, Guerbet. Prof. Dewey is the European Society of Radiology (ESR) Research Chair (2019\u20132022) and the opinions expressed in this article are the author\u2019s own and do not represent the view of ESR. Per the guiding principles of ESR, the work as Research Chair is on a voluntary basis and only remuneration of travel expenses occurs. Prof. Dewey is also the editor of <i>Cardiac CT<\/i>, published by Springer Nature, and offers hands-on courses on CT imaging (\n                      \n                      ). Institutional master research agreements exist with Siemens, General Electric, Philips, and Canon. The terms of these arrangements are managed by the legal department of Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin. Professor Dewey holds a joint patent with Florian Michallek on dynamic perfusion analysis using fractal analysis (PCT\/EP2016\/071551).The other authors reported no financial disclosures for this article.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"One of the authors has significant statistical expertise.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Statistics and biometry"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects (patients) in this study.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"Institutional Review Board approval was obtained.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Some study subjects or cohorts have been previously reported in:Enders J, Zimmermann E, Rief M, Martus P, Klingebiel R, Asbach P, et al Reduction of claustrophobia during magnetic resonance imaging: methods and design of the \u201cCLAUSTRO\u201d randomized controlled trial. BMC medical imaging. 2011;11:4.Enders J, Zimmermann E, Rief M, Martus P, Klingebiel R, Asbach P, et al Reduction of claustrophobia with short-bore versus open magnetic resonance imaging: a randomized controlled trial. PloS one. 2011;6(8):e23494.Enders J, Rief M, Zimmermann E, Asbach P, Diederichs G, Wetz C, et al High-field open versus short-bore magnetic resonance imaging of the spine: a randomized controlled comparison of image quality. PloS one. 2013;8(12):e83427.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Study subjects or cohorts overlap"}},{"value":"\u2022 prospective\u2022 randomized controlled trial\u2022 performed at one institution","order":8,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Methodology"}}]}}