{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T22:46:07Z","timestamp":1783464367573,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,12]],"date-time":"2021-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628726400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,12]],"date-time":"2021-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-021-08120-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,12]],"date-time":"2021-08-12T12:05:02Z","timestamp":1628769902000},"page":"1024-1033","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Comparison of MRI appendix biometrics in children with and without acute appendicitis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1628-9032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric L.","family":"Tung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grayson L.","family":"Baird","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rama S.","family":"Ayyala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cassandra","family":"Sams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thaddeus W.","family":"Herliczek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David W.","family":"Swenson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"8120_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a115734","volume":"132","author":"DG Addiss","year":"1990","unstructured":"Addiss DG, Shaffer N, Fowler BS, Tauxe RV (1990) The epidemiology of appendicitis and appendectomy in the United States. Am J Epidemiol 132(5):910\u2013925","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"8120_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2011.03.039","volume":"46","author":"S Aarabi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Aarabi S, Sidhwa F, Riehle KJ, Chen Q, Mooney DP (2020) Pediatric appendicitis in New England : epidemiology and outcomes. J Pediatr Surg 46(6):1106\u20131114","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"8120_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2012.10.003","volume":"204","author":"S Bansal","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bansal S, Banever GT, Karrer FM, Partrick DA (2020) Appendicitis in children less than 5 years old: influence of age on presentation and outcome. Am J Surg 204(6):1031\u20131035","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"8120_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-2037","volume":"129","author":"AB Kharbanda","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kharbanda AB, Stevenson MD, Macias CG et al (2012) Interrater reliability of clinical findings in children with possible appendicitis. Pediatrics. 129(4):695\u2013700","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"issue":"1","key":"8120_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.09091211","volume":"255","author":"M Hernanz-Schulman","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hernanz-Schulman M (2010) CT and US in the diagnosis of appendicitis: an argument for CT. Radiology. 255(1):3\u20137","journal-title":"Radiology."},{"issue":"1","key":"8120_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.10091198","volume":"255","author":"PJ Strouse","year":"2010","unstructured":"Strouse PJ (2010) Pediatric appendicitis: an argument for US. Radiology. 255(1):1\u20136","journal-title":"Radiology."},{"issue":"1","key":"8120_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.10100984","volume":"259","author":"R Krishnamoorthi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Krishnamoorthi R, Ramarajan N, Wang NE et al (2011) Effectiveness of a staged US and CT protocol for the diagnosis of pediatric appendicitis: reducing radiation exposure in the age of ALARA. Radiology. 259(1):231\u2013239","journal-title":"Radiology."},{"key":"8120_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Doria AS, Moineddin R, Kellenberger C et al (2006) US or CT for diagnosis of appendicitis in children and adults? A Meta-Analysis. Radiology 241(1):83\u201394","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2411050913"},{"issue":"11","key":"8120_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.11.1041","volume":"282","author":"BM Garcia Pe\u00f1a","year":"2009","unstructured":"Garcia Pe\u00f1a BM, Mandl KD, Kraus SJ, Fischer AC, Lund DP, Taylor GA (2009) Ultrasonography and limited computed tomography in the diagnosis and management of appendicitis in children. JAMA. 282(11):1041\u20131046","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"issue":"11","key":"8120_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2018.09.033","volume":"15","author":"EM Garcia","year":"2018","unstructured":"Garcia EM, Camacho MA, Karolyi DR et al (2018) ACR appropriateness criteria \u00e2 right lower quadrant pain-suspected appendicitis. J Am Coll Radiol 15(11):S373\u2013S387","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"8120_CR11","first-page":"642","volume":"50","author":"M Kotagal","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kotagal M, Richards MK, Flum DR, Acierno SP, Weinsheimer RL, Goldin AB (2016) Use and accuracy of diagnostic imaging in the evaluation of pediatric appendicitis. J Pediatr Surg 50(5):642\u2013646","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"8120_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.12161","volume":"20","author":"MK Mittal","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mittal MK, Dayan PS, Macias CG et al (2017) Performance of ultrasound in the diagnosis of appendicitis in children in a multicenter cohort. Acad Emerg Med 20(7):697\u2013702","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"8120_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-012-2358-6","volume":"42","author":"AT Trout","year":"2012","unstructured":"Trout AT, Sanchez R, Ladino-Torres MF, Pai DR, Strouse PJ (2012) A critical evaluation of US for the diagnosis of pediatric acute appendicitis in a real-life setting: how can we improve the diagnostic value of sonography? Pediatr Radiol 42(7):813\u2013823","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"8120_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.14.13026","volume":"204","author":"DB Larson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Larson DB, Trout AT, Fierke SR, Towbin AJ (2015) Improvement in diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound of the pediatric appendix through the use of equivocal interpretive categories. AJR Am J Roentgenol 204(4):849\u2013856","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"6","key":"8120_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-016-3557-3","volume":"46","author":"MM Moore","year":"2016","unstructured":"Moore MM, Kulaylat AN, Hollenbeak CS, Engbrecht BW, Dillman JR, Methratta ST (2016) Magnetic resonance imaging in pediatric appendicitis: a systematic review. Pediatr Radiol 46(6):928\u2013939","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8120_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2019181959","volume":"29","author":"R Mushtaq","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mushtaq R, Desoky SM, Morello F et al (2019) First-line diagnostic evaluation with MRI of children suspected of having acute appendicitis. Radiology 29(1):170\u2013177","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"5S","key":"8120_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2019.02.022","volume":"16","author":"GC Koberlein","year":"2019","unstructured":"Koberlein GC, Trout AT, Rigsby CK et al (2019) ACR appropriateness criteria\u00ae suspected appendicitis-child. J Am Coll Radiol 16(5S):S252\u2013S263","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"8120_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ultrasound, computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging - which is preferred for acute appendicitis in children? A Meta-analysis. Pediatr Radiol 47(2):186\u2013196","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-016-3727-3"},{"issue":"3","key":"8120_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.15.14544","volume":"206","author":"E Duke","year":"2016","unstructured":"Duke E, Kalb B, Arif-tiwari H et al (2016) A systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic performance of MRI for evaluation of acute appendicitis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 206(3):508\u2013517","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"3","key":"8120_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2017162755","volume":"286","author":"EH Dibble","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dibble EH, Swenson DW, Cartagena C, Baird GL, Herliczek TW (2018) Effectiveness of a staged US and unenhanced MR imaging algorithm in the diagnosis of pediatric appendicitis. Radiology. 286(3):1022\u20131029","journal-title":"Radiology."},{"issue":"4","key":"8120_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.18.19778","volume":"211","author":"DW Swenson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Swenson DW, Ayyala RS, Sams C, Lee EY (2018) Practical imaging strategies for acute appendicitis in children. AJR Am J Roentgenol 211(4):901\u2013909","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"1","key":"8120_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1186\/s13244-020-00882-7","volume":"11","author":"K James","year":"2020","unstructured":"James K, Duffy P, Kavanagh RG et al (2020) Fast acquisition abdominal MRI study for the investigation of suspected acute appendicitis in paediatric patients. Insights Imaging 11(1):78","journal-title":"Insights Imaging"},{"key":"8120_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marin JR, Rodean J, Hall M et al (2020) Trends in use of advanced imaging in pediatric emergency departments, 2009-2018. JAMA Pediatr 174(9):e202209","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2020.2209"},{"issue":"1","key":"8120_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-013-3001-0","volume":"24","author":"MMN Leeuwenburgh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Leeuwenburgh MMN, Jensch S, Gratama JWC et al (2014) MRI features associated with acute appendicitis. Eur Radiol 24(1):214\u2013222","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"8120_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.273065116","volume":"27","author":"I Pedrosa","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pedrosa I, Zeikus EA, Levine D, Rofsky NM (2007) MR imaging of acute right lower quadrant pain in pregnant and nonpregnant patients. Radiographics. 27(3):721\u2013744","journal-title":"Radiographics."},{"issue":"2","key":"8120_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2010.06.037","volume":"80","author":"E Inci","year":"2011","unstructured":"Inci E, Hocaoglu E, Aydin S, Palabiyik F, Cimilli T, Turhan AN (2011) Efficiency of unenhanced MRI in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis: comparison with Alvarado scoring system and histopathological results. Eur J Radiol 80(2):253\u2013258","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"8120_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2010.03.007","volume":"79","author":"E Chabanova","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chabanova E, Balslev I, Achiam M et al (2011) Unenhanced MR imaging in adults with clinically suspected acute appendicitis. Eur J Radiol 79(2):206\u2013210","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"8120_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-008-1270-9","volume":"19","author":"L Cobben","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cobben L, Groot I, Kingma L, Coerkamp E, Puylaert J, Blickman J (2009) A simple MRI protocol in patients with clinically suspected appendicitis: results in 138 patients and effect on outcome of appendectomy. Eur Radiol 19(5):1175\u20131183","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"8120_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-017-3897-7","volume":"47","author":"RA Didier","year":"2017","unstructured":"Didier RA, Hopkins KL, Coakley FV, Krishnaswami S, Spiro DM, Foster BR (2017) Performance characteristics of magnetic resonance imaging without contrast agents or sedation in pediatric appendicitis. Pediatr Radiol 47(10):1312\u20131320","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"8120_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.12.10078","volume":"200","author":"TW Herliczek","year":"2013","unstructured":"Herliczek TW, Swenson DW, Mayo-smith WW (2013) Utility of MRI after inconclusive ultrasound in pediatric patients with suspected appendicitis: retrospective review of 60 consecutive patients. AJR Am J Roentgenol 200(5):969\u2013973","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"8120_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-19425-7","volume-title":"Regression modeling strategies: with applications to linear models, logistic regression, and survival analysis","author":"F Harrell","year":"2015","unstructured":"Harrell F (2015) Regression modeling strategies: with applications to linear models, logistic regression, and survival analysis, 2nd edn. Springer, Cham","edition":"2"},{"issue":"1","key":"8120_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2491071703","volume":"249","author":"M Baldisserotto","year":"2008","unstructured":"Baldisserotto M, Valduga SG, da Cunha Fernandes Jerzewski Sotero C (2008) MR imaging evaluation of the normal appendix in children and adolescents. Radiology. 249(1):278\u2013284","journal-title":"Radiology."},{"issue":"7","key":"8120_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-016-3559-1","volume":"46","author":"DW Swenson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Swenson DW, Schooler GR, Stamoulis C, Lee EY (2016) MRI of the normal appendix in children: data toward a new reference standard. Pediatr Radiol 46(7):1003\u20131010","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"8120_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1885","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2015.06.012","volume":"50","author":"Y Tian","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tian Y, Heiss KF, Wulkan ML, Raval MV (2015) Assessment of variation in care and outcomes for pediatric appendicitis at children\u2019s and non-children\u2019s hospitals. J Pediatr Surg 50(11):1885\u20131892","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"}],"container-title":["European Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00330-021-08120-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00330-021-08120-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00330-021-08120-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]],"date-time":"2022-01-27T12:08:40Z","timestamp":1643285320000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00330-021-08120-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,12]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}},"alternative-id":["8120"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-021-08120-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0938-7994","1432-1084"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0938-7994","type":"print"},{"value":"1432-1084","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 November 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 March 2021","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 June 2021","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 August 2021","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The scientific guarantor of this publication is David W. Swenson, MD (swenson.david.w@gmail.com).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Guarantor"}},{"value":"The authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"One of the authors has significant statistical expertise.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Statistics and biometry"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"Institutional Review Board approval was obtained.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"\u2022 Retrospective\u2022 Diagnostic or prognostic study\u2022 Performed at one institution","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Methodology"}}]}}