{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T04:41:36Z","timestamp":1780461696070,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,26]],"date-time":"2021-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637884800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,26]],"date-time":"2021-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637884800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Radiol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-021-08395-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,26]],"date-time":"2021-11-26T17:02:41Z","timestamp":1637946161000},"page":"3045-3055","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Continuous use of metformin in patients receiving contrast medium: what is the evidence? A systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Ting-Wan","family":"Kao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuo-Hua","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wing P.","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kang-Chih","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Che-Wei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6382-3520","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu-Chen","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"8395_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20110386","volume":"122","author":"B Viollet","year":"2012","unstructured":"Viollet B, Guigas B, Sanz Garcia N, Leclerc J, Foretz M, Andreelli F (2012) Cellular and molecular mechanisms of metformin: an overview. Clin Sci (Lond) 122:253\u2013270","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)"},{"key":"8395_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2013.256","volume":"10","author":"I Pernicova","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pernicova I, Korbonits M (2014) Metformin\u2013mode of action and clinical implications for diabetes and cancer. Nat Rev Endocrinol 10:143\u2013156","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"8395_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.07.085","volume":"106","author":"T Zhou","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhou T, Xu X, Du M, Zhao T, Wang J (2018) A preclinical overview of metformin for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Biomed Pharmacother 106:1227\u20131235","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"8395_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.2165\/11534750-000000000-00000","volume":"50","author":"GG Graham","year":"2011","unstructured":"Graham GG, Punt J, Arora M et al (2011) Clinical pharmacokinetics of metformin. Clin Pharmacokinet 50:81\u201398","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"key":"8395_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2015.10.014","volume":"65","author":"R DeFronzo","year":"2016","unstructured":"DeFronzo R, Fleming GA, Chen K, Bicsak TA (2016) Metformin-associated lactic acidosis: current perspectives on causes and risk. Metabolism 65:20\u201329","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"8395_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000368:S11-15","author":"R Mehran","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mehran R, Nikolsky E (2006) Contrast-induced nephropathy: definition, epidemiology, and patients at risk. Kidney Int Suppl. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.ki.5000368:S11-15","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"key":"8395_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2017.06.009","volume":"180","author":"C Mamoulakis","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mamoulakis C, Tsarouhas K, Fragkiadoulaki I et al (2017) Contrast-induced nephropathy: basic concepts, pathophysiological implications and prevention strategies. Pharmacol Ther 180:99\u2013112","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"8395_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4103\/1319-2442.225199","volume":"29","author":"MA Hossain","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hossain MA, Costanzo E, Cosentino J et al (2018) Contrast-induced nephropathy: pathophysiology, risk factors, and prevention. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 29:1\u20139","journal-title":"Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl"},{"key":"8395_CR9","unstructured":"FORTAMET\u00ae (metformin hydrochloride) [package insert]. Fort Lauderdale: Actavis Laboratories FL, Inc; April 2017. Retrieved June 4, 2021, from: https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/drugsatfda_docs\/label\/2017\/021574s020lbl.pdf."},{"key":"8395_CR10","unstructured":"GLUCOPHAGE\u00ae (metformin hydrochloride) Tablets [package insert]. Princeton, NJ: Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; April 2017. Retrieved June 4, 2021, from: https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/drugsatfda_docs\/label\/2017\/020357s037s039,021202s021s023lbl.pdf"},{"key":"8395_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-199920040-00006","volume":"20","author":"JD Lalau","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lalau JD, Race JM (1999) Lactic acidosis in metformin-treated patients. Prognostic value of arterial lactate levels and plasma metformin concentrations. Drug Saf 20:377\u2013384","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"key":"8395_CR12","unstructured":"Radiology ESoU (March 2018) ESUR guidelines on contrast agents (Version10.0). Retrieved June 4, 2021, from https:\/\/www.esur.org\/fileadmin\/content\/2019\/ESUR_Guidelines_10.0_Final_Version.pdf"},{"key":"8395_CR13","unstructured":"Media ACoDaC (2021) American College of Radiology manual on contrast media. Retrieved June 4, 2021, from https:\/\/www.acr.org\/-\/media\/ACR\/files\/clinical-resources\/contrast_media.pdf"},{"key":"8395_CR14","unstructured":"Radiologists TRAaNZCo (2018) Iodinated contrast media guideline, V2.3. RANZCR, Sydney. Retrieved June 4, 2021, from https:\/\/www.ranzcr.com"},{"key":"8395_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carj.2012.11.002","volume":"65","author":"RJ Owen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Owen RJ, Hiremath S, Myers A, Fraser-Hill M, Barrett BJ (2014) Canadian Association of Radiologists consensus guidelines for the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy: update 2012. Can Assoc Radiol J 65:96\u2013105","journal-title":"Can Assoc Radiol J"},{"key":"8395_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.13804","volume":"25","author":"A Liew","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liew A, Bavanandan S, Prasad N et al (2020) Asian Pacific Society of Nephrology clinical practice guideline on diabetic kidney disease - an executive summary. Nephrology (Carlton) 25:809\u2013817","journal-title":"Nephrology (Carlton)"},{"key":"8395_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2020.0004","volume":"44","author":"KY Hur","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hur KY, Kim MK, Ko SH, Han M, Lee DW, Kwon HS (2020) Metformin treatment for patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease: a Korean Diabetes Association and Korean Society of Nephrology consensus statement. Diabetes Metab J 44:3\u201310","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab J"},{"key":"8395_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10157-019-01750-5","volume":"24","author":"Y Isaka","year":"2020","unstructured":"Isaka Y, Hayashi H, Aonuma K et al (2020) Guideline on the use of iodinated contrast media in patients with kidney disease 2018. Clin Exp Nephrol 24:1\u201344","journal-title":"Clin Exp Nephrol"},{"key":"8395_CR19","unstructured":"radiologists Trco (2014) Standards for intravascular contrast administration to adult patients, third edition. UK. Retrieved June 4, 2021, from https:\/\/www.rcr.ac.uk\/sites\/default\/files\/Intravasc_contrast_web.pdf"},{"key":"8395_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM et al (2021) The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. Bmj 372:n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"8395_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2845","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-017-5246-5","volume":"28","author":"AJ van der Molen","year":"2018","unstructured":"van der Molen AJ, Reimer P, Dekkers IA et al (2018) Post-contrast acute kidney injury - Part 1: definition, clinical features, incidence, role of contrast medium and risk factors: recommendations for updated ESUR Contrast Medium Safety Committee guidelines. Eur Radiol 28:2845\u20132855","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"8395_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R31","DOI":"10.1186\/cc5713","volume":"11","author":"RL Mehta","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mehta RL, Kellum JA, Shah SV et al (2007) Acute Kidney Injury Network: report of an initiative to improve outcomes in acute kidney injury. Crit Care 11:R31","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"8395_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2309","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1309483","volume":"371","author":"JA Kraut","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kraut JA, Madias NE (2014) Lactic acidosis. N Engl J Med 371:2309\u20132319","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"8395_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ et al (2019) Updated guidance for trusted systematic reviews: a new edition of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 10:Ed000142","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.ED000142"},{"key":"8395_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Higgins JP, Altman DG, G\u00f8tzsche PC et al (2011) The Cochrane Collaboration\u2019s tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. Bmj 343:d5928","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d5928"},{"key":"8395_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i4919","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i4919","volume":"355","author":"JA Sterne","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sterne JA, Hern\u00e1n MA, Reeves BC et al (2016) ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions. Bmj 355:i4919","journal-title":"Bmj"},{"key":"8395_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-135","volume":"14","author":"X Wan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wan X, Wang W, Liu J, Tong T (2014) Estimating the sample mean and standard deviation from the sample size, median, range and\/or interquartile range. BMC Med Res Methodol 14:135","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"8395_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(92)90054-Q","volume":"45","author":"D Follmann","year":"1992","unstructured":"Follmann D, Elliott P, Suh I, Cutler J (1992) Variance imputation for overviews of clinical trials with continuous response. J Clin Epidemiol 45:769\u2013773","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"8395_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3823","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.2423","volume":"24","author":"KR Abrams","year":"2005","unstructured":"Abrams KR, Gillies CL, Lambert PC (2005) Meta-analysis of heterogeneously reported trials assessing change from baseline. Stat Med 24:3823\u20133844","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"8395_CR30","first-page":"719","volume":"22","author":"N Mantel","year":"1959","unstructured":"Mantel N, Haenszel W (1959) Statistical aspects of the analysis of data from retrospective studies of disease. J Natl Cancer Inst 22:719\u2013748","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"8395_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7414.557","volume":"327","author":"JP Higgins","year":"2003","unstructured":"Higgins JP, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, Altman DG (2003) Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. Bmj 327:557\u2013560","journal-title":"Bmj"},{"key":"8395_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629","volume":"315","author":"M Egger","year":"1997","unstructured":"Egger M, Davey Smith G, Schneider M, Minder C (1997) Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test. BMJ 315:629\u2013634","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"8395_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.04.026","volume":"64","author":"G Guyatt","year":"2011","unstructured":"Guyatt G, Oxman AD, Akl EA et al (2011) GRADE guidelines: 1. Introduction\u2014GRADE evidence profiles and summary of findings tables. J Clin Epidemiol 64:383\u2013394","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"8395_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-020-01474-5","volume":"20","author":"Q Yu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yu Q, Zhu JJ, Liu WX (2020) Effect of continuous use of metformin on kidney function in diabetes patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 20:187","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord"},{"key":"8395_CR35","first-page":"334","volume":"18","author":"V Oktay","year":"2017","unstructured":"Oktay V, Calpar \u00c7\u0131ral\u0131 \u0130, Sinan \u00dcY, Y\u0131ld\u0131z A, Ersanl\u0131 MK (2017) Impact of continuation of metformin prior to elective coronary angiography on acute contrast nephropathy in patients with normal or mildly impaired renal functions. Anatol J Cardiol 18:334\u2013339","journal-title":"Anatol J Cardiol"},{"key":"8395_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2016.02.007","volume":"71","author":"SK Kim","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kim SK, Jung J, Jung JH, Kim KY, Baek JH, Hahm JR (2016) The association between use of metformin and change in serum CO2 level after administration of contrast medium. Clin Radiol 71:532\u2013536","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"8395_CR37","first-page":"227","volume":"89","author":"MH Namazi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Namazi MH, AlipourParsa S, Roohigilani K et al (2018) Is it necessary to discontinue metformin in diabetic patients with GFR > 60 ml\/min per 1.73 m2 undergoing coronary angiography: a controversy still exists? Acta Biomed 89:227\u2013232","journal-title":"Acta Biomed"},{"key":"8395_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651.e651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2019.05.011","volume":"74","author":"J Jung","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jung J, Cho YY, Jung JH et al (2019) Are patients with mild to moderate renal impairment on metformin or other oral anti-hyperglycaemic agents at increased risk of contrast-induced nephropathy and metabolic acidosis after radiocontrast exposure? Clin Radiol 74:651.e651-651.e656","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"8395_CR39","first-page":"355","volume":"90","author":"A Lal","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lal A, Kaur N, Trivedi N (2019) Metformin, arterial contrast and acute kidney injury. Acta Biomed 90:355\u2013356","journal-title":"Acta Biomed"},{"key":"8395_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.06.076","volume":"220","author":"M Zeller","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zeller M, Labalette-Bart M, Juliard JM et al (2016) Metformin and contrast-induced acute kidney injury in diabetic patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST segment elevation myocardial infarction: a multicenter study. Int J Cardiol 220:137\u2013142","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"8395_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Salpeter SR, Greyber E, Pasternak GA, Salpeter EE (2010) Risk of fatal and nonfatal lactic acidosis with metformin use in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010:Cd002967","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002967.pub4"},{"key":"8395_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.09090690","volume":"254","author":"SK Goergen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Goergen SK, Rumbold G, Compton G, Harris C (2010) Systematic review of current guidelines, and their evidence base, on risk of lactic acidosis after administration of contrast medium for patients receiving metformin. Radiology 254:261\u2013269","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"8395_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-019-02136-y","volume":"51","author":"RA Prabhu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Prabhu RA, Mareddy AS, Nagaraju SP, Rangaswamy D, Guddattu V (2019) Lactic acidosis due to metformin in type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease stage 3\u20135: is it significant? Int Urol Nephrol 51:1229\u20131230","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol"},{"key":"8395_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2668","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.15298","volume":"312","author":"SE Inzucchi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Inzucchi SE, Lipska KJ, Mayo H, Bailey CJ, McGuire DK (2014) Metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease: a systematic review. JAMA 312:2668\u20132675","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"8395_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.2017.58.2.312","volume":"58","author":"EY Lee","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lee EY, Hwang S, Lee YH et al (2017) Association between metformin use and risk of lactic acidosis or elevated lactate concentration in type 2 diabetes. Yonsei Med J 58:312\u2013318","journal-title":"Yonsei Med J"},{"key":"8395_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2008.tb01713.x","volume":"188","author":"N Kamber","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kamber N, Davis WA, Bruce DG, Davis TM (2008) Metformin and lactic acidosis in an Australian community setting: the Fremantle Diabetes Study. Med J Aust 188:446\u2013449","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"8395_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.21.10.1659","volume":"21","author":"JB Brown","year":"1998","unstructured":"Brown JB, Pedula K, Barzilay J, Herson MK, Latare P (1998) Lactic acidosis rates in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 21:1659\u20131663","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"8395_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.14440","author":"J Orloff","year":"2021","unstructured":"Orloff J, Min JY, Mushlin A, Flory J (2021) Safety and effectiveness of metformin in patients with reduced renal function: a systematic review. Diabetes Obes Metab. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dom.14440","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"8395_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2018.0292","volume":"178","author":"B Lazarus","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lazarus B, Wu A, Shin JI et al (2018) Association of metformin use with risk of lactic acidosis across the range of kidney function: a community-based cohort study. JAMA Intern Med 178:903\u2013910","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"8395_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1007\/s10557-015-6618-1","volume":"29","author":"RA Posma","year":"2015","unstructured":"Posma RA, Lexis CP, Lipsic E et al (2015) Effect of metformin on renal function after primary percutaneous coronary intervention in patients without diabetes presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: data from the GIPS-III Trial. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 29:451\u2013459","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Drugs Ther"},{"key":"8395_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.7.1791","volume":"27","author":"RI Misbin","year":"2004","unstructured":"Misbin RI (2004) The phantom of lactic acidosis due to metformin in patients with diabetes. Diabetes Care 27:1791\u20131793","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"8395_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12974","volume":"19","author":"JD Lalau","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lalau JD, Kajbaf F, Protti A, Christensen MM, De Broe ME, Wiernsperger N (2017) Metformin-associated lactic acidosis (MALA): moving towards a new paradigm. Diabetes Obes Metab 19:1502\u20131512","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"8395_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-5491.1999.00006.x","volume":"16","author":"NN Chan","year":"1999","unstructured":"Chan NN, Brain HP, Feher MD (1999) Metformin-associated lactic acidosis: a rare or very rare clinical entity? Diabet Med 16:273\u2013281","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"key":"8395_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2086","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-1171","volume":"31","author":"M Bodmer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bodmer M, Meier C, Kr\u00e4henb\u00fchl S, Jick SS, Meier CR (2008) Metformin, sulfonylureas, or other antidiabetes drugs and the risk of lactic acidosis or hypoglycemia: a nested case-control analysis. Diabetes Care 31:2086\u20132091","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"8395_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2796.2003.01271.x","volume":"255","author":"AM Stades","year":"2004","unstructured":"Stades AM, Heikens JT, Erkelens DW, Holleman F, Hoekstra JB (2004) Metformin and lactic acidosis: cause or coincidence? A review of case reports. J Intern Med 255:179\u2013187","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"8395_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-011-0343-4","volume":"49","author":"C Lazzeri","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lazzeri C, Valente S, Chiostri M, Attan\u00e0 P, Picariello C, Gensini GF (2012) The prognostic role of in-hospital peak glycemia in stemi patients with and without diabetes. Acta Diabetol 49:379\u2013386","journal-title":"Acta Diabetol"}],"container-title":["European Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00330-021-08395-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00330-021-08395-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00330-021-08395-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,9]],"date-time":"2024-07-09T17:10:33Z","timestamp":1720545033000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00330-021-08395-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,26]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["8395"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-021-08395-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-1084"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-1084","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 September 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 October 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 November 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The scientific guarantor of this publication is Huang Yu-Chen.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Guarantor"}},{"value":"The authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies, whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}},{"value":"No complex statistical methods were necessary for this paper.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Statistics and Biometry"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was not required for this study because this is a meta-analysis.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed Consent"}},{"value":"This is a meta-analysis and Institutional Review Board approval was not required in our institution.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval"}},{"value":"This is a meta-analysis including randomized controlled studies and retrospective cohort studies.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Study subjects or cohorts overlap"}},{"value":"\u2022 meta-analysis","order":8,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Methodology"}}]}}