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On a single CT slice at the level of L3\/L4, we segmented (1) TAM-Area, (2) TAM-Index (= TAM-Area\/height) and, (3) TAM-Fraction (= TAM-Area\/total cross-sectional CT-area). We tested the association of these muscle mass measures with prevalent and incident cardiometabolic risk factors and incident CVD events during a follow-up of 11.0 \u00b1 2.7 years.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In this community-based sample (49% women, mean age: 50.0 \u00b1 10.0 years), all muscle quantity measures were significantly associated with prevalent and incident cardiometabolic risk factors and CVD events. However, only TAM-Fraction remained significantly associated with key outcomes (e.g., adj. OR 0.68 [0.55, 0.84] and HR 0.73 [0.57, 0.92] for incident hypertension and CVD events, respectively) after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, and waist circumference. Moreover, only higher TAM-Fraction was associated with a lower risk (e.g., adj. OR: 0.56 [0.36\u20130.89] for incident diabetes versus TAM-Area: adj. OR 1.26 [0.79\u20132.01] and TAM-Index: 1.09 [0.75\u20131.58]).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>TAM-Fraction on a single CT slice at L3\/L4 is a novel body composition marker of cardiometabolic risk in a primary prevention setting that has the potential to improve risk stratification beyond traditional measures of obesity.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Key Points<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\u2022 <jats:italic>In this analysis of the Framingham Heart Study (n = 3016), TAM-F on a single slice CT was more closely associated with prevalent and incident cardiometabolic risk factors as compared to TAM alone or TAM indexed to body surface area.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p>\u2022 <jats:italic>TAM-F on a single abdominal CT slice at the level of L3\/L4 could serve as a standard measure of muscle mass and improve risk prediction<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-022-08934-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,2]],"date-time":"2022-07-02T06:03:03Z","timestamp":1656741783000},"page":"7068-7078","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Standardized measurement of abdominal muscle by computed tomography: association with cardiometabolic risk in the Framingham Heart Study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7632-9879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Kammerlander","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asya","family":"Lyass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taylor F.","family":"Mahoney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jana","family":"Taron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parastou","family":"Eslami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael T.","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle T.","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramachandran S.","family":"Vasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph M.","family":"Massaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Udo","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"8934_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Virani SS, Alonso A, Benjamin EJ et al (2020) Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2020 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. 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Dr. Taron reports funding by Deutsche Forschungsgesellschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) \u2013 TA 1438\/1-2. T; speakers bureau Siemens Healthcare GmbH and speakers bureau Bayer AG, unrelated to this work. Dr Vasan is supported in part by the Evans Medical Foundation and the Jay and Louis Coffman Endowment from the Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine. Dr Long is supported in part by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases K23 DK113252, the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation, Gilead Sciences Research Scholars Award, the Boston University School of Medicine Department of Medicine Career Investment Award, and the Boston University Clinical Translational Science Institute UL1 TR001430. Dr Long and is on the advisory board for Novo Nordisk and reports consulting fees for Iterative Scopes and Ionis Pharmaceuticals and research funding from Gilead Sciences and Echosens Corporation, all not related to the present research. Dr Hoffmann reports research support not related to the present research: research grants on behalf of the institution: KOWA, MedImmune, HeartFlow, Duke University, Oregon Health & Science University (American Heart Association, 13FTF16450001), Columbia University (National Institutes of Health [NIH], 5R01-HL109711), NIH\/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) 5K24HL113128, NIH\/ NHLBI 5T32HL076136, NIH\/NHLBI 5U01HL123339; and consulting fees: Duke University and Recor Medical.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Dr. Lyass and Dr. Massaro kindly provided statistical advice for this manuscript.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Statistics and biometry"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects (patients) in this study.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"Institutional Review Board approval was obtained.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"\u2022 prospective\u2022 observational\u2022 performed at one institution","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Methodology"}}]}}