{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T16:47:42Z","timestamp":1791996462443,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]],"date-time":"2022-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661212800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]],"date-time":"2022-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key Clinical Specialist Construction Programs of China","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}]},{"name":"Youth Initiative Fund of Naval Medical University","award":["Grant Number 2018QN05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant Number 2018QN05"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007219","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20ZR1456300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20ZR1456300"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007219","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Radiol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-022-09087-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]],"date-time":"2022-08-23T12:06:56Z","timestamp":1661256416000},"page":"1353-1363","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Prediction of tumor budding in patients with rectal adenocarcinoma using b-value threshold map"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Fangying","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaoting","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaolu","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenguang","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caixia","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Grimm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengwei","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianping","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fu","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3742-9439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luguang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"9087_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21590","volume":"70","author":"RL Siegel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A (2020) Cancer statistics, 2020. CA Cancer J Clin 70:7\u201330","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"9087_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21601","volume":"70","author":"RL Siegel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Siegel RL, Miller KD, Sauer AG et al (2020) Colorectal cancer statistics, 2020. CA Cancer J Clin 70:145\u2013164","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"9087_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2754","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20011201)92:11<2754::AID-CNCR10083>3.0.CO;2-4","volume":"92","author":"S Merkel","year":"2001","unstructured":"Merkel S, Mansmann U, Papadopoulos T, Wittekind C, Hohenberger W, Hermanek P (2001) The prognostic inhomogeneity of colorectal carcinomas Stage III: a proposal for subdivision of Stage III. Cancer 92:2754\u20132759","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"9087_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1647","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.05.4825","volume":"25","author":"ID Nagtegaal","year":"2007","unstructured":"Nagtegaal ID, Gosens MJ, Marijnen CA, Rutten HJ, van de Velde CJ, van Krieken JH (2007) Combinations of tumor and treatment parameters are more discriminative for prognosis than the present TNM system in rectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 25:1647\u20131650","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"9087_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-010-0985-4","volume":"17","author":"SB Edge","year":"2010","unstructured":"Edge SB, Compton CC (2010) The American Joint Committee on Cancer: the 7th edition of the AJCC cancer staging manual and the future of TNM. Ann Surg Oncol 17:1471\u20131474","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"9087_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2018.10.023","volume":"85","author":"H Dawson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dawson H, Galuppini F, Tr\u00e4ger P et al (2019) Validation of the International Tumor Budding Consensus Conference 2016 recommendations on tumor budding in stage I-IV colorectal cancer. Hum Pathol 85:145\u2013151","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"9087_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2016.274","volume":"115","author":"AC Rogers","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rogers AC, Winter DC, Heeney A et al (2016) Systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of tumour budding in colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer 115:831\u2013840","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"9087_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1314","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-013-0881-3","volume":"49","author":"H Ueno","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ueno H, Hase K, Hashiguchi Y et al (2014) Novel risk factors for lymph node metastasis in early invasive colorectal cancer: a multi-institution pathology review. J Gastroenterol 49:1314\u20131323","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"9087_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1007\/s12029-015-9716-1","volume":"46","author":"F Petrelli","year":"2015","unstructured":"Petrelli F, Pezzica E, Cabiddu M et al (2015) Tumour budding and survival in stage II colorectal cancer: a systematic review and pooled analysis. J Gastrointest Cancer 46:212\u2013218","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Cancer"},{"key":"9087_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-008-9192-9","volume":"51","author":"T Nakamura","year":"2008","unstructured":"Nakamura T, Mitomi H, Kanazawa H, Ohkura Y, Watanabe M (2008) Tumor budding as an index to identify high-risk patients with stage II colon cancer. Dis Colon Rectum 51:568\u2013572","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"9087_CR11","first-page":"244","volume":"57","author":"AG Bach","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bach AG (2017) TNM classification of malignant tumours. Radiologe 57:244\u2013245","journal-title":"Radiologe"},{"key":"9087_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1007\/s00106-017-0391-3","volume":"65","author":"J Doescher","year":"2017","unstructured":"Doescher J, Veit JA, Hoffmann TK (2017) The 8th edition of the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. HNO 65:956\u2013961","journal-title":"HNO"},{"key":"9087_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1111\/his.13975","volume":"76","author":"ID Nagtegaal","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nagtegaal ID, Odze RD, Klimstra D et al (2020) The 2019 WHO classification of tumours of the digestive system. Histopathology 76:182\u2013188","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"9087_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-020-0422-y","volume":"18","author":"A Lugli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lugli A, Zlobec I, Berger MD, Kirsch R, Nagtegaal ID (2021) Tumour budding in solid cancers. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 18:101\u2013115","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"key":"9087_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3706","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-012-2426-z","volume":"19","author":"J Betge","year":"2012","unstructured":"Betge J, Kornprat P, Pollheimer MJ et al (2012) Tumor budding is an independent predictor of outcome in AJCC\/UICC stage II colorectal cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 19:3706\u20133712","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"9087_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.23516","volume":"113","author":"HM Quah","year":"2008","unstructured":"Quah HM, Chou JF, Gonen M et al (2008) Pathologic stage is most prognostic of disease-free survival in locally advanced rectal cancer patients after preoperative chemoradiation. Cancer 113:57\u201364","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"9087_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.5858\/134.6.837","volume":"134","author":"G Puppa","year":"2010","unstructured":"Puppa G, Sonzogni A, Colombari R et al (2010) TNM staging system of colorectal carcinoma: a critical appraisal of challenging issues. Arch Pathol Lab Med 134:837\u2013852","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"9087_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2013.797","volume":"110","author":"I Zlobec","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zlobec I, H\u00e4drich M, Dawson H et al (2014) Intratumoural budding (ITB) in preoperative biopsies predicts the presence of lymph node and distant metastases in colon and rectal cancer patients. Br J Cancer 110:1008\u20131013","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"9087_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2012.56","volume":"25","author":"OT Giger","year":"2012","unstructured":"Giger OT, Comtesse SC, Lugli A, Zlobec I, Kurrer MO (2012) Intra-tumoral budding in preoperative biopsy specimens predicts lymph node and distant metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer. Mod Pathol 25:1048\u20131053","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"9087_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2013.124","volume":"27","author":"AC Rogers","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rogers AC, Gibbons D, Hanly AM et al (2014) Prognostic significance of tumor budding in rectal cancer biopsies before neoadjuvant therapy. Mod Pathol 27:156\u2013162","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"9087_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2018.0061","volume":"16","author":"AB Benson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Benson AB, Venook AP, Al-Hawary MM et al (2018) Rectal cancer, version 2.2018, NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 16:874\u2013901","journal-title":"J Natl Compr Canc Netw"},{"key":"9087_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4445","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-017-4830-z","volume":"27","author":"DMJ Lambregts","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lambregts DMJ, van Heeswijk MM, Delli Pizzi A et al (2017) Diffusion-weighted MRI to assess response to chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer: main interpretation pitfalls and their use for teaching. Eur Radiol 27:4445\u20134454","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"9087_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-019-02272-0","volume":"45","author":"F Shen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shen F, Chen L, Li Z et al (2020) The usefulness of b value threshold map in the evaluation of rectal adenocarcinoma. Abdom Radiol (NY) 45:332\u2013341","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol (NY)"},{"key":"9087_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1906","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-016-0805-9","volume":"41","author":"E Iannicelli","year":"2016","unstructured":"Iannicelli E, Di Pietropaolo M, Pilozzi E et al (2016) Value of diffusion-weighted MRI and apparent diffusion coefficient measurements for predicting the response of locally advanced rectal cancer to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Abdom Radiol (NY) 41:1906\u20131917","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol (NY)"},{"key":"9087_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1515\/raon-2017-0025","volume":"51","author":"T Bassaneze","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bassaneze T, Gon\u00e7alves JE, Faria JF, Palma RT, Waisberg J (2017) Quantitative aspects of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in rectal cancer response to neoadjuvant therapy. Radiol Oncol 51:270\u2013276","journal-title":"Radiol Oncol"},{"key":"9087_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun Y, Tong T, Cai S, Bi R, Xin C, Gu Y (2014) Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value: a potential imaging biomarker that reflects the biological features of rectal cancer. PLoS One 9:e109371","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0109371"},{"key":"9087_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22024","volume":"62","author":"DA Porter","year":"2009","unstructured":"Porter DA, Heidemann RM (2009) High resolution diffusion-weighted imaging using readout-segmented echo-planar imaging, parallel imaging and a two-dimensional navigator-based reacquisition. Magn Reson Med 62:468\u2013475","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"9087_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e17640","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000017640","volume":"98","author":"N Zhao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhao N, Ma C, Ye X et al (2019) The feasibility of b-value maps based on threshold DWI for detection of breast cancer: a case-control STROBE compliant study. Medicine (Baltimore) 98:e17640","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"9087_CR29","first-page":"2177","volume":"22","author":"P Gall","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gall P, Kasibhatla R, Meyer H (2014) Improved lesion visualization using B-value maps based on thresholded DWI images. Proc Intl Soc Mag Reson Med 22:2177","journal-title":"Proc Intl Soc Mag Reson Med"},{"key":"9087_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/s40644-018-0177-1","volume":"18","author":"L Chen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chen L, Shen F, Li Z et al (2018) Diffusion-weighted imaging of rectal cancer on repeatability and cancer characterization: an effect of b-value distribution study. Cancer Imaging 18:43","journal-title":"Cancer Imaging"},{"key":"9087_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2017.46","volume":"30","author":"A Lugli","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lugli A, Kirsch R, Ajioka Y et al (2017) Recommendations for reporting tumor budding in colorectal cancer based on the International Tumor Budding Consensus Conference (ITBCC) 2016. Mod Pathol 30:1299\u20131311","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"9087_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2012.94","volume":"25","author":"B Mitrovic","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mitrovic B, Schaeffer DF, Riddell RH, Kirsch R (2012) Tumor budding in colorectal carcinoma: time to take notice. Mod Pathol 25:1315\u20131325","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"9087_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2012.127","volume":"106","author":"A Lugli","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lugli A, Karamitopoulou E, Zlobec I (2012) Tumour budding: a promising parameter in colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer 106:1713\u20131717","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"9087_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-6757-0","volume":"46","author":"T Okuyama","year":"2003","unstructured":"Okuyama T, Nakamura T, Yamaguchi M (2003) Budding is useful to select high-risk patients in stage II well-differentiated or moderately differentiated colon adenocarcinoma. Dis Colon Rectum 46:1400\u20131406","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"9087_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-006-0249-8","volume":"22","author":"HJ Choi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Choi HJ, Park KJ, Shin JS, Roh MS, Kwon HC, Lee HS (2007) Tumor budding as a prognostic marker in stage-III rectal carcinoma. Int J Colorectal Dis 22:863\u2013868","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"9087_CR36","first-page":"1269","volume":"25","author":"K Guzi\u0144ska-Ustymowicz","year":"2005","unstructured":"Guzi\u0144ska-Ustymowicz K (2005) The role of tumour budding at the front of invasion and recurrence of rectal carcinoma. Anticancer Res 25:1269\u20131272","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"9087_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2009.02119.x","volume":"13","author":"E Syk","year":"2011","unstructured":"Syk E, Lenander C, Nilsson PJ, Rubio CA, Glimelius B (2011) Tumour budding correlates with local recurrence of rectal cancer. Colorectal Dis 13:255\u2013262","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"9087_CR38","first-page":"61","volume":"28","author":"S Sert Bekta\u015f","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sert Bekta\u015f S, Inan Mamak G, C\u0131r\u0131\u015f IM, Bozkurt KK, Kapucuo\u011flu N (2012) Tumor budding in colorectal carcinomas. Turk Patoloji Derg 28:61\u201366","journal-title":"Turk Patoloji Derg"},{"key":"9087_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e318184cd55","volume":"33","author":"LM Wang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wang LM, Kevans D, Mulcahy H et al (2009) Tumor budding is a strong and reproducible prognostic marker in T3N0 colorectal cancer. Am J Surg Pathol 33:134\u2013141","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"9087_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.13121361","volume":"268","author":"S Nougaret","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nougaret S, Reinhold C, Mikhael HW, Rouanet P, Bibeau F, Brown G (2013) The use of MR imaging in treatment planning for patients with rectal carcinoma: have you checked the \u201cDISTANCE\u201d? Radiology 268:330\u2013344","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"9087_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2012.04270.x","volume":"61","author":"G Puppa","year":"2012","unstructured":"Puppa G, Senore C, Sheahan K et al (2012) Diagnostic reproducibility of tumour budding in colorectal cancer: a multicentre, multinational study using virtual microscopy. Histopathology 61:562\u2013575","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"9087_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2882","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.10551","volume":"94","author":"H Ueno","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ueno H, Mochizuki H, Shinto E, Hashiguchi Y, Hase K, Talbot IC (2002) Histologic indices in biopsy specimens for estimating the probability of extended local spread in patients with rectal carcinoma. Cancer 94:2882\u20132891","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"9087_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1111\/his.13164","volume":"70","author":"G Rieger","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rieger G, Koelzer VH, Dawson HE et al (2017) Comprehensive assessment of tumour budding by cytokeratin staining in colorectal cancer. Histopathology 70:1044\u20131051","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"9087_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1111\/pin.12374","volume":"66","author":"K Kai","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kai K, Aishima S, Aoki S et al (2016) Cytokeratin immunohistochemistry improves interobserver variability between unskilled pathologists in the evaluation of tumor budding in T1 colorectal cancer. Pathol Int 66:75\u201382","journal-title":"Pathol Int"},{"key":"9087_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e3181ae29d6","volume":"33","author":"A Suzuki","year":"2009","unstructured":"Suzuki A, Togashi K, Nokubi M et al (2009) Evaluation of venous invasion by Elastica van Gieson stain and tumor budding predicts local and distant metastases in patients with T1 stage colorectal cancer. Am J Surg Pathol 33:1601\u20131607","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"}],"container-title":["European Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00330-022-09087-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00330-022-09087-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00330-022-09087-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T21:18:56Z","timestamp":1675286336000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00330-022-09087-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]}},"alternative-id":["9087"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-022-09087-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-1084"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-1084","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 April 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 July 2022","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 August 2022","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 August 2022","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The scientific guarantor of this publication is Luguang Chen.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Guarantor"}},{"value":"Two coauthors (Caixia Fu and Robert Grimm) are employees of Siemens Healthcare, and they declared that they have no conflict of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"No complex statistical methods were necessary for this paper.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Statistics and biometry"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"Institutional Review Board approval was obtained.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Twenty-nine patients with pathologically proven as T2 or T3, had been partially reported in our previous study, were included and we further enlarged the sample size in the present study. Previous work mainly aimed to investigate the usefulness of <i>b<\/i>-value threshold (<i>b<\/i><sub>Threshold<\/sub>) map in the evaluation of rectal adenocarcinoma by comparing it with diffusion-weighted images and ADC maps regarding lesion detection and the prediction of pathological features, which found that compared with DWI, the <i>b<\/i><sub>Threshold<\/sub> map offers significantly higher CNR, which improves lesion visualization and detection. <i>b<\/i><sub>Threshold<\/sub> values could differentiate between pathologic differentiation degrees and T stages and have a better diagnostic performance than ADC for N staging, while several reports showed that tumor budding (TB) is an indicator of metastasis and adverse reaction to neoadjuvant therapy in colorectal cancers, which help assess individualized therapeutic strategies. However, a preoperative and non-invasive approach to evaluate TB grades is lacking. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to investigate the feasibility of <i>b<\/i><sub>Threshold<\/sub> maps in preoperative evaluations of TB in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), which found <i>b<\/i><sub>Threshold<\/sub> values could distinguish different TB grades better than ADC values in LARC patients, and <i>b<\/i><sub>Threshold<\/sub> maps may be a preoperative, non-invasive approach to evaluate TB grades.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Study subjects or cohorts overlap"}},{"value":"\u2022 retrospective\u2022 diagnostic or prognostic study\u2022 performed at one institution","order":8,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Methodology"}}]}}