{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T12:26:06Z","timestamp":1793190366106,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,14]],"date-time":"2022-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665705600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,14]],"date-time":"2022-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665705600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Sichuan Science and Technology Major Program","award":["No. 15 2018SZDZX0013-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 15 2018SZDZX0013-3"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Radiol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Screw loosening is a widely reported issue after spinal screw fixation and triggers several complications after lumbar interbody fusion. Osteoporosis is an essential risk factor for screw loosening. Hounsfield units (HU) value is a credible indicator during bone mineral density (BMD) evaluation. As compared with the general evaluation of BMD, we hypothesized that specific measurements of HU at the precise location of the future screw insertion may be a better predictor of screw loosening.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical data of 56 patients treated by oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) of the L4-L5 segments with an anterior lateral single rod (ALSR) screw fixation were reviewed in this study. Vertebral bodies with \u2265 1 mm width radiolucent zones around the screw were defined as screw loosening. HU in the insertional screw positions, the central transverse plane, and the average values of three and four planes were measured. Regression analyses identified independent risk factors for screw loosening separately. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was computed to evaluate predictive performance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The local HU values were significantly lower in the loosening group, regardless of the selected measuring methods. The AUC of screw loosening prediction was higher in the insertional screw positions\u2019 HU than other frequently used methods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The HU value measured in the insertional screw position is a better predictor of ALSR screw loosening than other methods. The risk of screw loosening should be reduced by optimizing the trajectory of the screw based on the measurement of HU in preoperative CT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key Points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>\u2022 Osteoporosis is an essential risk factor for screw loosening, and Hounsfield units (HU) are a credible predictor during bone mineral density (BMD) evaluation.<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>\u2022 The HU value measured in the insertional screw position is a better predictor of screw loosening than other frequently used HU measurement methods.<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>\u2022 The risk of screw loosening might potentially be reduced by optimizing the trajectory of the screw based on the measurement of HU in preoperative CT.<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-022-09157-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,14]],"date-time":"2022-10-14T12:13:17Z","timestamp":1665749597000},"page":"1526-1536","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["The preoperative Hounsfield unit value at the position of the future screw insertion is a better predictor of screw loosening than other methods"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Jingchi","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhuang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianhang","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhetao","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yueming","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiancheng","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"9157_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2020.02.180","volume":"138","author":"HZ Guo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Guo HZ, Tang YC, Guo DQ et al (2020) Stability evaluation of oblique lumbar interbody fusion constructs with various fixation options: a finite element analysis based on three-dimensional scanning models. World Neurosurg 138:e530\u2013e538","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"9157_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jot.2018.08.005","volume":"15","author":"QB Lv","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lv QB, Gao X, Pan XX et al (2018) Biomechanical properties of novel transpedicular transdiscal screw fixation with interbody arthrodesis technique in lumbar spine: a finite element study. J Orthop Translat 15:50\u201358","journal-title":"J Orthop Translat"},{"key":"9157_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2020.5.FOCUS20169","volume":"49","author":"Z Xi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xi Z, Mummaneni PV, Wang M et al (2020) The association between lower Hounsfield units on computed tomography and cage subsidence after lateral lumbar interbody fusion. Neurosurg Focus 49:E8","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"9157_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.3171\/2016.4.SPINE151386","volume":"25","author":"MT Reis","year":"2016","unstructured":"Reis MT, Reyes PM, Bse et al (2016) Biomechanical evaluation of lateral lumbar interbody fusion with secondary augmentation. J Neurosurg Spine 25:720-726","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"9157_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568218772302","volume":"9","author":"A Bokov","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bokov A, Bulkin A, Aleynik A, Kutlaeva M, Mlyavykh S (2019) Pedicle screws loosening in patients with degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine: potential risk factors and relative contribution. Global Spine J 9:55\u201361","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"key":"9157_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-016-2487-8","volume":"136","author":"J Bredow","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bredow J, Boese CK, Werner CM et al (2016) Predictive validity of preoperative CT scans and the risk of pedicle screw loosening in spinal surgery. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 136:1063\u20131067","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"9157_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1177\/0954411915621588","volume":"230","author":"L La Barbera","year":"2016","unstructured":"La Barbera L, Costa F, Villa T (2016) ISO 12189 standard for the preclinical evaluation of posterior spinal stabilization devices--II: a parametric comparative study. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 230:134\u2013144","journal-title":"Proc Inst Mech Eng H"},{"key":"9157_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-020-06386-8","volume":"29","author":"D Zou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zou D, Sun Z, Zhou S, Zhong W, Li W (2020) Hounsfield units value is a better predictor of pedicle screw loosening than the T-score of DXA in patients with lumbar degenerative diseases. Eur Spine J 29:1105\u20131111","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"9157_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mikula AL, Puffer RC, Jeor JDS et al (2019) Teriparatide treatment increases Hounsfield units in the lumbar spine out of proportion to DEXA changes. J Neurosurg Spine:1\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2019.7.Spine19654","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.7.Spine19654"},{"key":"9157_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.2007.057505","volume":"83","author":"GM Blake","year":"2007","unstructured":"Blake GM, Fogelman I (2007) The role of DXA bone density scans in the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis. Postgrad Med J 83:509\u2013517","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"9157_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E1279","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001612","volume":"41","author":"SC Wagner","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wagner SC, Formby PM, Helgeson MD, Kang DG (2016) Diagnosing the undiagnosed: osteoporosis in patients undergoing lumbar fusion. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 41:E1279\u2013e1283","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"9157_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.9.FOCUS17476","volume":"43","author":"EM Kohan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kohan EM, Nemani VM, Hershman S, Kang DG, Kelly MP (2017) Lumbar computed tomography scans are not appropriate surrogates for bone mineral density scans in primary adult spinal deformity. Neurosurg Focus 43:E4","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"9157_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2020.5.FOCUS20241","volume":"49","author":"BB Carlson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Carlson BB, Salzmann SN, Shirahata T et al (2020) Prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia diagnosed using quantitative CT in 296 consecutive lumbar fusion patients. Neurosurg Focus 49:E5","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"9157_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2015.03.016","volume":"15","author":"BD Elder","year":"2015","unstructured":"Elder BD, Lo SF, Holmes C et al (2015) The biomechanics of pedicle screw augmentation with cement. Spine J 15:1432\u20131445","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"9157_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2006.21.2.307","volume":"21","author":"SK Eswaran","year":"2006","unstructured":"Eswaran SK, Gupta A, Adams MF, Keaveny TM (2006) Cortical and trabecular load sharing in the human vertebral body. J Bone Miner Res 21:307\u2013314","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"9157_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-158-8-201304160-00003","volume":"158","author":"PJ Pickhardt","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pickhardt PJ, Pooler BD, Lauder T, del Rio AM, Bruce RJ, Binkley N (2013) Opportunistic screening for osteoporosis using abdominal computed tomography scans obtained for other indications. Ann Intern Med 158:588\u2013595","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"9157_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1580","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.16.00749","volume":"99","author":"EB Gausden","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gausden EB, Nwachukwu BU, Schreiber JJ, Lorich DG, Lane JM (2017) Opportunistic use of CT imaging for osteoporosis screening and bone density assessment: a qualitative systematic review. J Bone Joint Surg Am 99:1580\u20131590","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"9157_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3046","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-015-4145-x","volume":"26","author":"E Pompe","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pompe E, de Jong PA, de Jong WU et al (2016) Inter-observer and inter-examination variability of manual vertebral bone attenuation measurements on computed tomography. Eur Radiol 26:3046\u20133053","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"9157_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1758","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-018-5776-9","volume":"28","author":"D Zou","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zou D, Li W, Deng C, Du G, Xu N (2019) The use of CT Hounsfield unit values to identify the undiagnosed spinal osteoporosis in patients with lumbar degenerative diseases. Eur Spine J 28:1758\u20131766","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"9157_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2823","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199712150-00005","volume":"22","author":"TH Smit","year":"1997","unstructured":"Smit TH, Odgaard A, Schneider E (1997) Structure and function of vertebral trabecular bone. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 22:2823\u20132833","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"9157_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2324","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.164","volume":"25","author":"J Wegrzyn","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wegrzyn J, Roux JP, Arlot ME et al (2010) Role of trabecular microarchitecture and its heterogeneity parameters in the mechanical behavior of ex vivo human L3 vertebrae. J Bone Miner Res 25:2324\u20132331","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"9157_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jos.2018.04.006","volume":"23","author":"Y Sakai","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sakai Y, Takenaka S, Matsuo Y et al (2018) Hounsfield unit of screw trajectory as a predictor of pedicle screw loosening after single level lumbar interbody fusion. J Orthop Sci 23:734\u2013738","journal-title":"J Orthop Sci"},{"key":"9157_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.5.FOCUS1483","volume":"37","author":"JJ Schreiber","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schreiber JJ, Anderson PA, Hsu WK (2014) Use of computed tomography for assessing bone mineral density. Neurosurg Focus 37:E4","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"9157_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-010-0227-7","volume":"29","author":"AE Papadakis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Papadakis AE, Karantanas AH, Papadokostakis G, Damilakis J (2011) Assessment of the morpho-densitometric parameters of the lumbar pedicles in osteoporotic and control women undergoing routine abdominal MDCT examinations. J Bone Miner Metab 29:352\u2013358","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Metab"},{"key":"9157_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2020.5.FOCUS20249","volume":"49","author":"F Xu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xu F, Zou D, Li W et al (2020) Hounsfield units of the vertebral body and pedicle as predictors of pedicle screw loosening after degenerative lumbar spine surgery. Neurosurg Focus 49:E10","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"9157_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1628","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A3893","volume":"35","author":"BJ Schwaiger","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schwaiger BJ, Gersing AS, Baum T, No\u00ebl PB, Zimmer C, Bauer JS (2014) Bone mineral density values derived from routine lumbar spine multidetector row CT predict osteoporotic vertebral fractures and screw loosening. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 35:1628\u20131633","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"9157_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-018-1046-0","volume":"14","author":"X Wu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wu X, Shi J, Wu J et al (2019) Pedicle screw loosening: the value of radiological imagings and the identification of risk factors assessed by extraction torque during screw removal surgery. J Orthop Surg Res 14:6","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"9157_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2018.06.345","volume":"19","author":"JM Spirig","year":"2019","unstructured":"Spirig JM, Sutter R, G\u00f6tschi T, Farshad-Amacker NA, Farshad M (2019) Value of standard radiographs, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine in detection of intraoperatively confirmed pedicle screw loosening-a prospective clinical trial. Spine J 19:461\u2013468","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"9157_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-015-3768-6","volume":"24","author":"F Galbusera","year":"2015","unstructured":"Galbusera F, Volkheimer D, Reitmaier S et al (2015) Pedicle screw loosening: a clinically relevant complication? Eur Spine J 24:1005\u20131016","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"9157_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/S1935-9810(08)70013-6","volume":"2","author":"JJ Yue","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yue JJ, Oetgen ME, la Torre JJ, Bertagnoli R (2008) Does vertebral endplate morphology influence outcomes in lumbar disc arthroplasty? Part I: an initial assessment of a novel classification system of lumbar endplate morphology. SAS J 2:16\u201322","journal-title":"SAS J"},{"key":"9157_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-021-02655-4","volume":"16","author":"J Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li J, Xu C, Zhang X et al (2021) Disc measurement and nucleus calibration in a smoothened lumbar model increases the accuracy and efficiency of in-silico study. J Orthop Surg Res 16:498","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"9157_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/S1935-9810(08)70025-2","volume":"2","author":"ME Oetgen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Oetgen ME, Yue JJ, la Torre JJ, Bertagnoli R (2008) Does vertebral endplate morphology influence outcomes in lumbar total disc arthroplasty? Part II: Clinical and Radiographic Results as Evaluated Utilizing the Vertebral Endplate Yue-Bertagnoli (VEYBR) Classification. SAS J 2:101\u2013106","journal-title":"SAS J"},{"key":"9157_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2008.10.048","volume":"44","author":"FD Zhao","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zhao FD, Pollintine P, Hole BD, Adams MA, Dolan P (2009) Vertebral fractures usually affect the cranial endplate because it is thinner and supported by less-dense trabecular bone. Bone 44:372\u2013379","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"9157_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E784","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0000000000000406","volume":"30","author":"SJ Park","year":"2017","unstructured":"Park SJ, Lee CS, Chung SS, Kang SS, Park HJ, Kim SH (2017) The ideal cage position for achieving both indirect neural decompression and segmental angle restoration in lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF). Clin Spine Surg 30:E784\u2013e790","journal-title":"Clin Spine Surg"},{"key":"9157_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230949901984237","DOI":"10.1177\/2309499019842378","volume":"27","author":"SR Bagheri","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bagheri SR, Alimohammadi E, Zamani Froushani A, Abdi A (2019) Adjacent segment disease after posterior lumbar instrumentation surgery for degenerative disease: incidence and risk factors. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 27:2309499019842378","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong)"},{"key":"9157_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2005.038224","volume":"65","author":"SR Pye","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pye SR, Reid DM, Adams JE, Silman AJ, O'Neill TW (2006) Radiographic features of lumbar disc degeneration and bone mineral density in men and women. Ann Rheum Dis 65:234\u2013238","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"9157_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2013.04.007","volume":"35","author":"KH Chao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chao KH, Lai YS, Chen WC et al (2013) Biomechanical analysis of different types of pedicle screw augmentation: a cadaveric and synthetic bone sample study of instrumented vertebral specimens. Med Eng Phys 35:1506\u20131512","journal-title":"Med Eng Phys"},{"key":"9157_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2011.10.004","volume":"27","author":"H Mehta","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mehta H, Santos E, Ledonio C et al (2012) Biomechanical analysis of pedicle screw thread differential design in an osteoporotic cadaver model. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 27:234\u2013240","journal-title":"Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon)"},{"key":"9157_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31816b1eff","volume":"33","author":"Y Tokuhashi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tokuhashi Y, Matsuzaki H, Oda H, Uei H (2008) Clinical course and significance of the clear zone around the pedicle screws in the lumbar degenerative disease. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 33:903\u2013908","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"9157_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001700","volume":"42","author":"S Orita","year":"2017","unstructured":"Orita S, Inage K, Sainoh T et al (2017) Lower lumbar segmental arteries can intersect over the intervertebral disc in the oblique lateral interbody fusion approach with a risk for arterial injury: radiological analysis of lumbar segmental arteries by using magnetic resonance imaging. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 42:135\u2013142","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"9157_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E487","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31828826dd","volume":"38","author":"S Ohtori","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ohtori S, Inoue G, Orita S et al (2013) Comparison of teriparatide and bisphosphonate treatment to reduce pedicle screw loosening after lumbar spinal fusion surgery in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis from a bone quality perspective. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 38:E487\u2013E492","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"9157_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2014.09.020","volume":"15","author":"S Basra","year":"2015","unstructured":"Basra S, Bucklen B, Muzumdar A, Khalil S, Gudipally M (2015) A novel lateral lumbar integrated plate-spacer interbody implant: in vitro biomechanical analysis. Spine J 15:322\u2013328","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"9157_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S361","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318202308b","volume":"35","author":"A Cappuccino","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cappuccino A, Cornwall GB, Turner AW et al (2010) Biomechanical analysis and review of lateral lumbar fusion constructs. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 35:S361\u2013S367","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"9157_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.11.SPINE13617","volume":"20","author":"GR Fogel","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fogel GR, Parikh RD, Ryu SI, Turner AW (2014) Biomechanics of lateral lumbar interbody fusion constructs with lateral and posterior plate fixation: laboratory investigation. J Neurosurg Spine 20:291\u2013297","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"9157_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/s11420-013-9367-3","volume":"10","author":"JJ Schreiber","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schreiber JJ, Hughes AP, Taher F, Girardi FP (2014) An association can be found between hounsfield units and success of lumbar spine fusion. HSS J 10:25\u201329","journal-title":"HSS J"},{"key":"9157_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001650","volume":"42","author":"K Abe","year":"2017","unstructured":"Abe K, Orita S, Mannoji C et al (2017) Perioperative complications in 155 patients who underwent oblique lateral interbody fusion surgery: perspectives and indications from a retrospective, multicenter survey. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 42:55\u201362","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"9157_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E473","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0000000000000703","volume":"31","author":"K Ishikawa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ishikawa K, Toyone T, Shirahata T et al (2018) A novel method for the prediction of the pedicle screw stability: regional bone mineral density around the screw. Clin Spine Surg 31:E473\u2013e480","journal-title":"Clin Spine Surg"},{"key":"9157_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2016.10.026","volume":"17","author":"KR Woods","year":"2017","unstructured":"Woods KR, Billys JB, Hynes RA (2017) Technical description of oblique lateral interbody fusion at L1-L5 (OLIF25) and at L5-S1 (OLIF51) and evaluation of complication and fusion rates. Spine J 17:545\u2013553","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"9157_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2016.10.074","volume":"98","author":"JX Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li JX, Phan K, Mobbs R (2017) Oblique lumbar interbody fusion: technical aspects, operative outcomes, and complications. World Neurosurg 98:113\u2013123","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"}],"container-title":["European Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00330-022-09157-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00330-022-09157-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00330-022-09157-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]],"date-time":"2023-02-16T13:06:22Z","timestamp":1676552782000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00330-022-09157-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,14]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]}},"alternative-id":["9157"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-022-09157-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-1084"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-1084","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 May 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 August 2022","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 September 2022","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 October 2022","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"All data collection and analysis conducted in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. For this type of study, formal consent is not required.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The scientific guarantor of this publication is Prof. Jiancheng Zeng.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Guarantor"}},{"value":"The authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Dr. Zhuang Zhang has significant statistical expertise.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Statistics and biometry"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was not required for this study because this was a retrospective study.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"Approval for the current study protocol was obtained from the ethics committees of West China Hospital (2020-554).","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"\u2022 A retrospective study of prospectively collected radiographic data","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Methodology"}}]}}