{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T23:59:36Z","timestamp":1788134376882,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]],"date-time":"2022-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672185600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]],"date-time":"2022-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672185600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI","award":["JP17K16482"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP17K16482"]}]},{"name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI","award":["JP20K08056"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP20K08056"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007449","name":"Takeda Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007449","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Radiol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Upright computed tomography (CT) can detect slight changes particularly in the superior vena cava (SVC) volume in healthy volunteers under the influence of gravity. This study aimed to evaluate whether upright CT-based measurements of the SVC area are useful for assessing mean right atrial pressure (mRAP) in patients with heart failure.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We performed CT in both standing and supine positions to evaluate the SVC (directly below the junction of the bilateral brachiocephalic veins) and inferior vena cava (IVC; at the height of the diaphragm) areas and analyzed their relationship with mRAP, measured by right heart catheterization in 23 patients with heart failure.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The median age of enrolled patients was 60 (51\u221272) years, and 69.6% were male. The median mRAP was 3 (1\u22127) mmHg. The correlations between the standing position SVC and IVC areas and mRAP were stronger than those in the supine position (SVC, <jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic> = 0.68, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001 and <jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic> = 0.43, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.040; IVC, <jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic> = 0.57, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.005 and <jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic> = 0.46, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.026; respectively). Furthermore, the SVC area in the standing position was most accurate in identifying patients with higher mRAP (&gt; 5 mmHg) (SVC standing, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] = 0.91, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.77\u20131.00; SVC supine, AUC = 0.78, 95% CI, 0.59\u20130.98; IVC standing, AUC = 0.77, 95% CI, 0.55\u20130.98; IVC supine, AUC = 0.72, 95% CI, 0.49\u20130.94). The inter- and intraobserver agreements (evaluated by intraclass correlation coefficients) for all CT measurements were 0.962\u20130.991.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Upright CT-based measurement of the SVC area can be useful for non-invasive estimation of mRAP under the influence of gravity in patients with heart failure.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Key Points<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p><jats:italic>\u2022 This study showed that the superior vena cava (SVC) area in the standing position was most accurate in identifying patients with heart failure with higher mean right atrial pressure.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p><jats:italic>\u2022 Upright computed tomography-based measurements of the SVC area can be a promising non-invasive method for estimating mean right atrial pressure under the influence of gravity in patients with heart failure.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p><jats:italic>\u2022 Clinical management of patients with heart failure based on this non-invasive modality may lead to early assessment of conditional changes and reduced hospitalization for exacerbation of heart failure.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-022-09360-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]],"date-time":"2022-12-28T06:02:33Z","timestamp":1672207353000},"page":"4073-4081","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Estimating right atrial pressure using upright computed tomography in patients with heart failure"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Ryoma","family":"Fukuoka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5842-5349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshitake","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaharu","family":"Kataoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoichi","family":"Yokoyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minoru","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keiichi","family":"Narita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takehiro","family":"Nakahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keiichi","family":"Fukuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Jinzaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"9360_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000603","volume":"55","author":"M Jinzaki","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jinzaki M, Yamada Y, Nagura T et al (2020) Development of upright computed tomography with area detector for whole-body scans: phantom study, efficacy on workflow, effect of gravity on human body, and potential clinical impact. 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However, Canon Medical Systems was not involved in the design and conduct of the study; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data; or in the preparation, review, and approval of the manuscript. Other authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"No complex statistical methods were necessary for this paper.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Statistics and biometry"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from all patients (UMIN Clinical Trials Registry No. UMIN000026587).","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"This study was approved by our institutional review board (Keio University School of Medicine Ethics Committee, Approval No. 20160385).","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"\u2022 prospective\u2022 cross-sectional study\u2022 performed at one institution","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Methodology"}}]}}